GBT231-2002布氏硬度.pdf 38页

'免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)ICS77.040.10H22中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T231.1-2002eqvISO6506-1:1999金属布氏硬度试验第1部分:试验方法Metallicmaterials-Brinellhardnesstest-Part1:Testmethod2002-12-31发布2003-06-01实施中华人民共和国发布国家质量监督检验检疫总局免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002前言本标准等效采用国际标准ISO6506-1;1999《金属材料布氏硬度试验第1部分:试验方法》本标准除了对试样表面质量要求比国际标准规定明确外，技术内容与ISO6506-1完全相同本标准此次修订对下列技术内容进行了修改:—取消了用钢球压头进行试验的规定;—对布氏硬度计的要求完全按GB/T231.2执行;—将“试样厚度至少应为压痕深度的10倍”改为“试样厚度至少应为压痕深度的8倍卜—取消了用直径2mm球压头进行试验的规定;—钢类的。.102F/D，仅用30的比率;—将“两相邻压痕中心距离不应小于压痕平均直径的4倍”改为“两相邻压痕中心距离至少为压痕平均直径的3倍”;—增加了附录C使用者对布氏硬度计的日常检查方法。GB/T231《金属布氏硬度试验》分为如下三部分:—第1部分:试验方法—第2部分:硬度计的检验—第3部分:标准块的标定本标准的附录A、附录B是标准的附录，附录C是提示的附录。本标准自实施之日起，代替GB/T231-1984《金属布氏硬度试验方法》本标准由原国家冶金工业局提出。本标准由全国钢标准化技术委员会归口。本标准起草单位:钢铁研究总院、首都钢铁公司、上海宝钢集团公司。本标准主要起草人:李久林、王萍、郭雁行、钱建裸。本标准于1962年12月首次发布，1984年4月第1次修订。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002ISO前言ISO(国际标准化组织)是由各国标准化团体(ISO成员团体)组成的世界性的联合会。制定国际标准的工作通常由ISO的技术委员会完成，各成员团体若对某技术委员会已确立的项目感兴趣，均有权参加该技术委员会。与ISO保持联系的各国组织(官方的或非官方的)也可参加工作。在电工技术标准化方面，ISO与国际电工委员会(UEC)保持密切合作关系。本国际标准按照ISO/IEC导则第3部分的规定进行起草由技术委员会通过的国际标准草案提交各成员团体表决，国际标准需要取得至少75%参加投票表决的成员团体的同意才能正式发布。国际标准ISO6506-1由ISO/TC164金属力学性能试验技术委员会SC3硬度试验分委员会制定ISO6506-1第一版取代ISO6506:1981和ISO410:1982，技术内容变化如下:—取消了钢球压头;—将平面布氏硬度值表(ISO410:1982)合并在ISO6506-1标准附录C中;—取消了直径2mm的球压头;—增加了附录A:用户对硬度计的日常检查方法。ISO6506《金属材料布氏硬度试验》分三部分:—第1部分:试验方法—第2部分:硬度计的检验与校准—第3部分:标准块的校准附录B和C是ISO6506标准的附录，附录A是提示的附录。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T231.1-2002金属布氏硬度试验第1部分:试验方法eqvISO6506-1:1999Metallicmaterials-Brinellhardnesstest-Part1:Testmethod代替GB/T231-1984范围本标准规定了金属布氏硬度试验的原理、符号、硬度计、试样、试验方法及试验报告。本标准规定的布氏硬度试验范围上限为650HBW特殊材料或产品布氏硬度的试验，应在相关标准中规定。2引用标准下列标准所包含的条文，通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。本标准出版时，所示版本均为有效。所有标准都会被修订，使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准最新版本的可能性。G即T231.2-2002金属布氏硬度试验第2部分:硬度计的检验原理对一定直径的硬质合金球施加试验力压人试样表面，经规定保持时间后，卸除试验力，测量试样表面压痕的直径，见图to图1试验原理中华人民共和国国家质且监督检验检疫总局2002-12-31批准2003-06-01实施免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002布氏硬度与试验力除以压痕表面积的商成正比。压痕被看作是具有一定半径的球形，其半径是压头球直径的二分之一符号及说明4.1符号及说明(见图1和表1).表1符号及说明符号说明单位D球直径rl】rlF试验力Nd压痕平均直径n飞nj(d-d,普d,)d,"",在两相互垂直方向测量的压痕直径mmh压痕深度一D-2D"-dnln】HBW布氏硬度一常数‘撮鬃Vl一。·102X-nD(D-斋-d"0.102XF/D"试验力一球直径平方的比率注常数一佘一、一。·1029—标准重力加速度4.2布氏硬度用符号HBW表示。符号HBW前面为硬度值，符号后面是按如下顺序表示试验条件的指标:a)球直径,mm;b)试验力数字(见表2);c)与规定时间(见7.5条)不同的试验力保持时间。例}:350HBW5/75。表示用直径5mm的硬质合金球在7.355kN试验力下保持10S-15s测定的布氏硬度值为350,例2:600HBW1/30/20表示用直径1mm的硬质合金球在294.2N试验力下保持20s测定的布氏硬度值为600,表2不同条件下的试验力免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表2(完)5硬度计5.1硬度计应符合GB/T231.2的规定，能施加预定试验力或9.807N-29.42kN范围内的试验力。5.2压头:硬质合金球压头应符合GB/T231.2的要求。5.3压痕测量装置应符合GB/T231.2的规定。注:附录C〔提示的附录)给出了使用者对硬度计的日常检查方法6试样6.1试样表面应光滑和平坦，并且不应有氧化皮及外界污物，尤其不应有油脂试样表面应能保证压痕直径的精确测量，表面粗糙度参数R“一般不大于1.6um.6.2制备试样时，应使过热或冷加工等因素对表面性能的影响减至最小。6.3试样厚度至少应为压痕深度的8倍。试样最小厚度与压痕平均直径的关系见附录A试验后，试样背后如出现可见变形，则表明试样太薄7试验方法7.1试验一般在10`C-35"C室温进行。对于温度要求严格的试验，温度为230C150C,7.2本标准使用表2中各级试验力。7.3试验力的选择应保证压痕直径在。.24D-0.6D之间。试验力一压头球直径平方的比率(0.102F/D“比值)应根据材料和硬度值选择，见表3.免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表3不同材料的试验力一压头球直径平方的比率试验力压头球直径布氏硬度材料平方的比率HBW0.102F/口钢、镍合金、钦合金30<140铸铁t，;:多140<355铜及铜合金35-20010>20030<352.5535-8010轻金属及合金15>80::铅、锡11)对于铸铁的试验，压头球直径一般为2.5-m,5m。和10mmo当试样尺寸允许时，应优先选用直径10mm的球压头进行试验。7.4试样应稳固地放置于刚性支承物上。试样背面和支承物之间应清洁和无外界污物(氧化皮、油、灰尘等)。7.5使压头与试样表面接触，无冲击和震动地垂直于试样表面施加试验力，直至达到规定试验力值从加力开始至施加完全部试验力的时间应在2s-8s之间。试验力保持时间为10s-15s。对于要求试验力保持时间较长的材料，试验力保持时间允许误差为士2，7.6在整个试验期间，硬度计不应受到影响试验结果的冲击和震动。7.7任一压痕中心距试样边缘的距离至少为压痕平均直径的2.5倍。两相邻压痕中心间距离至少为压痕平均直径的3倍。7.8应在两相互垂直方向测量压痕直径。用两个读数的平均值计算布氏硬度，或按照附录B(标准的附录)查得布氏硬度值注:对于一些硬度计，可采用如下值计算布氏硬度:—多次对称测量数值的平均值;—材料表面压痕投影面积数值8试验报告试验报告应包括如下内容:a)本国家标准编号;b)有关试样的详细资料;c)试验温度;d)试验结果;e)不在本标准规定之内的各种操作;f)影响试验结果的各种细节。注1:没有普遍适用的精确方法将布氏硬度值换算成其他硬度或抗拉强度除非通过对比试验得到相关的换算依据，或产品标准另有规定，否则应避免这些换算注2:应注意材料的各向异性，例如经过大变形量冷加工，这样压痕直径在不同方向可能有较大差异。产品技术条件应规定这个差异的极限。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002附录A(标准的附录)压痕平均直径与试样最小厚度关系表表A1mm试样最小厚度压痕平均直径球直径d一D-2.5一D=5一0.20.080.30.180.40.330.50.540.60.80.290.70.40.80.530.90.6710.831.11.021.21.230.581.31.460.691.41.720.81.520.921.61.051.71.191.81.341.91.521.672.22.042.42.461.172.62.921.382.83.431.6341.843.22.13.42.383.62.683.8343.344.23.74.44.084.64.484.84.9155.365.25.835.46.335.66.86587.4268免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002附录B(标准的附录)平面布氏硬度值计算表表B1试验力压头球直径平方的比率0.102火F/D"球直径301510Dl-试验力F/N10980749032452980.724521226612.9245.225612.9306.5153.261.2927219938453.25920一“一‘。9只自7490324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度d/mmH1344:‘::1.2000.60000.24065332721810954.521.81.2050.60240.24164832421610854.021.6:.::1.2100.60500.24264332121410753.521.41.2150.60750.24363731921210653.121.21.2200.61000.24463231621110552.721.1:.::1.2250.61250.24562731320910452.220.92.461.2300.61500.24662131120710451.820.72.471.2350.61750.24761630820510351.420.52.481.2400.62000.24861130620410250.920.42.491.2450.62250.24960630320210150.520.22.501.2500.62500.25060130120010050.120.02.511.2550.62750.25159729819999.449.719.92.521.2600.63000.25259229619798.649.319.72.531.2650.63250.25358729419697.84891962.541.2700.63500.25458229119497.148.519.42.551.2750.63750.25557828919396.348.119.32.561.2800.64000.25657328719195.547.819.12.571.2850.64250.25756928419094.847.419.02.581.2900.64500.25856428218894.047.018.82.591.2950.64750.25956028018793.346.618.72.601.3000.650D0.26055527818592.546.318.52.611.3050.65250.26155127618491.845.918.42.621.3100.65500.26254727318291.145.618.22.631.3150.65750.26354327118190.445.218.12.641.3200.66000.26453826917989.744.917.92.651.3250.66250.26553426717889.044.517.82.661.3300.66500.26653026517788.444.217.72.67l.3350.66750.26752626317587.743.817.52.681.3400.67000.26R52226117487.043517.4免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表Bl(续)试验力压头球直径平方的比率0.102xF/n"球直径30151052.51L)/.m试验力户/N102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612.9245.21839612.9306.5153.261.29一5“.5’‘294.298.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度dl..HBVV2.691.3450.67250.26951825917386.443.217.32.701.3500.67500.27051425717185.742.917.12.711.3550.67750.27151025517085.142.517.02.721.3600.68000.27250725316984.442.216.92.731.3650.68250.27350325116883.841.916.82.741.3700.68500.27449925016683.241.616.62.751.3750.68750.27549524816582.641.316.52.761.3800.69000.27649224616481.941.016.42.771.3850.69250.27748824416381.340.716.32.781.3900.69500.27848524216280.840.416.22.791.3950.69750.27948124016080.240.116.02.801.4000.70000.28047723915979.639.815.92.81l.4050.70250.28147423715879.039.515.82.821.4100.70500.28247123515778.439.215.72.831.4150.70750.28346723415677.938.915.62.841.4200.71000.28446423215577.338.715.52.851.4250.71250.28546123015476.838.415.42.861.4300.71500.28645722915276.238.115.22.871.4350.71750.28745422715175.737.815.12.881.4400.72000.28845122515075.137.615.02.891.4450.72250.28944822414974.637.314.92.901.4500.72500.29044422214874.137.014.82.911.4550.72750.29144122114773.636.814.72.921.4600.73000.29243821914673.036.514.62.931.4650.73250.29343521814572.536.314.52.941.4700.73500.29443221614472.036.014.42.951.4750.73750.29542921514371.535.814.32.961.4800.74000.29642621314271.035.514.22.971.4850.74250.29742321214170.535.314.12.981.4900.74500.29842021014070.135.014.02.991.4950.74750.29941720913969.634.813.93.00l.5000.75000.30041520713869.134.613.83.011.5050.75250.3()141220613768.634.313.73.021.5100.75500.30240920513668.234.113.6免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表B1(续)试验力压头球直径平方的比率0.102XF/D"球直径30151052.51D/mm试验力户了N102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612.9245.21839612.:〕306.5153.261.29」5{2.5’‘294.298.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度dl..HB%3.031.5150.75750.30340620313567.733.913.53.041.5200.76000.30440420213567.333.613.53.051.5250.76250.30540120013466.833.413.43.061.5300.76500.30639819913366.433213.33.071.5350.76750.30739519813265."J33.013,23.081.5400.77000.30839319613165.532.713.13.091.5450.77250.30939019513065.032.513.03.101.5500.77500.31038819412964.632.312.93.111.5550.77750.31138519312864.232.112.83.12l.5600.78000.31238319112863.831.912.83.131.5650.78250.31338019012763.331.712.73.141.5700.78700.31437818912662..931.512.63.151.5750.787.50.31537518812562.531.312.53.161.5800.79000.31637318612462.131.112.43.171.5850.79250.31737018512361.730.912.33.181.5900.79500.318368飞8412361.330.7]2.33.191.5950.79750.31936618312260.930.512.23.201.6000.80000.32036318212160.530.312.13.211.6050.80250.32136118012060.130.112.C3.221.6100.80500.32235917912059.829912.03.231.6150.80750.32335617811959.429.711.93.241.6200.81000.32435417711859.029t511.83.251.6250.81250.325352176117污8.629.311.73.261.6300.81500.32635017511758.329.111.73.271.6350.81750.32734717411657.929.011.63.281.6400.82000.32834517311557.528811.53.291.6450.82250.329343172』14i7.228.611.43.301.6500.82500.33034117011456.828.4I工.43.311.6550.82750.33133916911356.528.211.33.321.6600.83000.33233716856.128.111.23.331.6650.83250.333335167一:{:55.827.911.23.341.6700.83500.33433316611155.427.711.13.351.6750.83750.33533116511055.127.511.03.361.6800.84000.33632916411054.827.411.0免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 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免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表B1(续)试验力一压头球直径平方的比率0.102XF1D"球直径30151052.51D1--试验力P/N102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612.9245.21839612.9306.5153.261.29一5一2.5”294.298.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度d/-HBW3.711.8550.92750.37126813489.244.622.38.923.721.8600.93000.37226613388.744.422.28.873.731.8650.93250.37326513288.244.122.18.823.741.8700.93500.37426313287.743.921.98.773.751.8750.93750.37526213187.243.621.88.723.761.8800.94000.37626013086.843.421.78.683.771.8850.94250.37725912986.343.121.68.633.781.8900.94500.37825712985.842.921.58.583.791.8950.94750.37925612885.342.721.38.533.801.9000.95000.38025512784.942.421.28.493.811.9050.95250.38125312784.442.221.18.443.821.9100.95500.38225212683.942.021.08.393.831.9150.95750.38325012583.541.720.98.353.841.9200.96000.38424912583.041.520.88.303.851.9250.96250.38524812482.641.320.68.263.861.9300.96500.38624612382.141.120.58.213.871.9350.96750.38724512381.740.920.48.173.881.9400.97000.38824412281.340.620.38.133.891.9450.97250.38924212180.840.420.28.083.901.9500.97500.39024112180.440.220.18.043.911.9550.97750.39124012080.040.020.08.003.921.9600.98000.39223911979.539.819.97.953.931.9650.98250.39323711979.139.619.87.913.941.9700.98500.39423611878.739.419.77.873.951.9750.98750.39523511778.339.119.67.833.961.9800.99000.39623411777.938.919.57.793.971.9850.99250.39723211677.538.719.47.753.981.9900.99500.39823111677.138.519.37.713.991.9950.99750.39923011576.738.319.27.674.002.0001.00000.40022911476.338.119.17.634.012.0051.00250.40122811475.937.919.07.594.022.0101.00500.40222611375.537.718.97.554.032.0151.00750.40322511375.137.518.87.514.042.0201.01000.40422411274.737.318.77.4710免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T231.1-2002表a1(续)试验力一压头球直径平方的比率0.102XF/D"球直径30151O口/mm妙jl户/N1014710980749032452980.724521226612.9245.22.5612.9306.5153.261.2998.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度d/mmHRW4.052.0251.01250.40522311174.337.118.67.473934.062.0301.01500.40622211173.937.018.57354.072.0351.01750.40722111073.536.818.47324.082.0401.02000.40821911073.236.618.37284.092.0451.02250.40921810972.836.418.24.102.0501.02500.41021710972.436.218.14.112.0551.02750.41121610872.036.018.0:.;:4.122.0601.03000.41221510871.735.8飞7.97.174.132.0651.03250.41321410771.335.717.87.134.142.0701.03500.41421310671.035.517.77.104.152.0751.037521210670.635.317.67.064.162.0801.0400:::21110570.235.117.67.024.172.0851.04250.41721010569.934.917.56.994.182.0901.04500.41820910469.534.817.46954.192.0951.04750.41920810469.234.617.36.924.202.1001.05000.42020710368.834.417.26.884.212.1051.05250.42120510368.534.217.16.854.222.1101.05500.42220410268.234.117.06.824.232.1151.05750.42320310267.833.，17.06.78夕4.242.1201.06000.42420210167.533.716.96.754.252.1251.06250.42520110167.133.616.86.714.262.1301.06500.42620010066.833.416.76.684.272.1351.06750.42719999.766.533.216.66.654.282.1401.07000.42819899.266.233.116.56.624.292.1451.07250.42919898.865.832.916.56.584.302.1501.07500.43019798.365532.816.46.554.312.1551.07750.43119697.865.232.616.36.524.322.1601.08000.43219597.364.932.416.26.494.332.1651.08250.43319496.864.632.316.16.464.342.1701.08500.43419396.464.232.116.16.424.352.1751.08750.43519295.963.932.016.06.394.362.1801.09000.43619195.463.631.815.96.364.372.185l.09250.43719095.063.331.715.86.334.382.1901.09500.4381R994.563.031.515.86.3011免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表B1(续)试验力一压头球直径平方的比率0.102XF1D2球直径30151052.51D/mm试验力FIN102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612.9245.21839612.9306.5153.261.29一5{25{‘294.298.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度d/mmHBW4.392.1951.09750.43918894.162.731.415.76.274.402.2001.10000.44018793.662.431.215.66.244.412.2051.10250.44118693.262.131.115.56.214.422.2101.10500.44218592.761.830.915.56.184.432.2151.10750.44318592.361.530.815.46.IS4.442.2201.11000.44418491.861.230.615.36.124.452.2251.11250.44518391.460.930.515.26.094.462.2301.11500.44618291.060.630.315.26.064.472.2351.11750.44718190.560.430.215.16.044.482.2401.12000.44818090.160.130.015.06.014.492.2451.12250.44917989.759.829.914.95.984.502.2501.12500.45017989.359.529.814.95.954.512.2551.12750.45117888.959.229.614.85.924.522.2601.13000.45217788.459.029.514.75.904.532.2651.13250.45317688.058.729.314.75.874.542.2701.13500.45417587.658.429.214.65.844.552.2751.13750.45517487.258.129.114.55.814.562.2801.14000.45617486.857.928.914.55.794.572.2851.14250.45717386.457.628.814.45.764.582.2901.14500.45817286.057.328.714.35.734.592.2951.14750.45917185.657.128.514.35.714.602.3001.15000.46017085.256.828.414.25.684.612.3051.15250.46117084.856.528.314.15.654.622.3101.15500.46216984.456.328.114.15.634.632.3151.15750.46316884.056.028.014.05.604.642.3201.16000.46416783.655.827.913.95.584.652.3251.16250.46516783.355.527.813.95.554.662.3301.16500.46616682.955.327.613.85.534.672.3351.16750.46716582.555.027.513.85.504.682.3401.17000.46816482.154.827.413.75.484.692.3451.17250.46916481.854.527.313.65.454.702.3501.17500.47016381.454.327.113.65.434.712.3551.17750.47116281.054.027.013.55.404.722.3601.18000.47216180.753.826.913.45.3812免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1一2002表BI(续)试验力一压头球直径平方的比率0.102又F/口球直径一151052.5ID/mm吧力十/N102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612924521839612.93065153.26129一5}2.5’‘294.2980749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度d/mmHBW4732365118250.47316180.353.526.813.45.354.742.3701.18500.47416079953.326。613.35.334752.3751.18750.47515979.653.026‘51335.304，762.3801.1900047615879.252.826.413.25.284.772.3851.19250.47715878.952.626.313。15.264.7823901.19500.47815778.552.326.213.15.234，792.3951.1975047915678.252，126.113，05.214802.4001.2000048015677851.92591305194812.4051.20250.48115577.551.625.812.95.164.822.4101.2050048215477.151425.712.95.144.832.4151.2075048315476.851.225.612.85。124842.420121000.48415376.451.025.512.75104.852.4251.21250.48515276.150.725，412.75，074.862.4301.2150048615275850525312.65.054.872.4351.21750.48715175.450.325。112.65.034.882.4401.22000.48815075.150.125.012。55.014892.4451.22250.48915074.849824‘912.54984，902.4501.22500.49014974.449.624.812.44.964.912.4551.2275049114874149，424.712.44.944.922.4601.23000‘49214873.849。224。612。34.924.932.4651.2325049314773.549.024.512.24.904.94卜2.470123500，49414673.248.824.412.24.884.9524751.23750.49514672.848.624.312.14.864.962.4801.24000.49614572.545.324.212.14.834.972.4851.24250.49714斗72.248.124.112.04.814.982.4901.24500.49814471。947.924.012.04，794.9924951.24750.49914371。647.723.911.94.775.002.5001.2500050014371.347.523.811.94.755012.5051.25250.50114271.047323.711.84.735.022.5101.25500.50214170.747.123.611.84.715.032.5151.2575050314170.446，923.511.74695.042.520126000.50414070.146723411.74675.052.5251.26250.50514069.846.523.311.64.655.062.5301.26500.50613969。546.323211.64，6313免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表B1(续)试验力压头球直径平方的比率0.102XF/D"球直径30151052.51Dl-.吧j7户/N102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612.9245.21839612.9306.5153.261.29一512.5’‘294.298.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度d/mmHBW5.072.5351.26750.50713869.246.123.111.54.615.082.5401.27000.50813868.945.923.011.54.595.092.5451.27250.50913768.645.722.911.44.575.102.5501.27500.51013768.345.522.811.44.555.112.5551.27750.51113668.045.322.711.34.535.122.5601.28000.51213567.745.122.611.34.515.132.5651.28250.51313567.445.022.511.24.505.142.5701.28500.51413467.144.822.411.24.485.152.5751.28750.51513466.944.622.311.14.465.162.5801.29000.51613366.644.422.211.14.445.172.5851.29250.51713366.344.222.111.14.425.182.5901.29500.51813266.044.022.011.04.405.192.5951.29750.51913265.843.821.911.04.385.202.6001.30000.52013165.543.721.810.94.375.212.6051.30250.52113065.243.521.710.94.355.222.6101.30500.52213064.943.321.610.84.335.232.6151.30750.52312964.743.121.610.84.315.242.6201.3100052412964.442.921.510.74.295.252.6251.31250.52512864.142.821.410.74.285.262.6301.31500.52612863.942.621.310.64.265.272.6351.31750.52712763.642.421.210.64.245.282.6401.32000.52812763.342.221.110.64.225.292.6451.32250.52912663.142.121.010.54.215.302.6501.32500.53012662.841.920.910.54.195.312.6551.32750.53112562.641.720.910.44.175.322.6601.33000.53212562.341.520.810.44.155.332.6651.33250.53312462.141.420.710.34.145.342.6701.33500.53412461.841.220.610.34.125.352.6751.33750.53512361.541.020.510.34.105.362.6801.34000.53612361.340.920.410.24.095.372.6851.34250.53712261.040.720.310.24.075.382.6901.34500.53812260.840.520.310.14.055.392.6951.34750.53912160.640.420.210.14.045.402.7001.35000.54012160.340.220.110.14.0214免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表B1(续)试验力一压头球直径平方的比率0.102XF/D2球直径30151052.51D/mm试验力ryN102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612.9245.21839612.9306.5153.261.29一512.5’‘294.298.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度d/mmHBW5.412.7051.35250.54112060.140.020.010.04.005.422.7101.35500.54212059.839.919.99.973.995.432.7151.35750.54311959.639.719.99.933.975.442.7201.36000.54411959.339.619.89.893.965.452.7251.36250.54511859.139.419.79.853.945.462.7301.36500.54611858.939.219.69.813.925.472.7351.36750.54711758.639.119.59.773.915.482.7401.37000.54811758.438.919.59.733.895.492.7451.37250.54911658.238.819.49.693.885.502.7501.37500.55011657.938.619.39.663.865.512.7551.37750.55111557.738.519.29.623.855.522.7601.38000.55211557.538.319.29.583.835.532.7651.38250.55311457.238.219.19.543.825.542.7701.38500.55411457.038.019.09.503.805.552.7751.38750.55511456.837.918.99.473.795.562.7801.39000.55611356.637.718.99.433.775.572.7851.39250.55711356.337.618.89.393.765.582.7901.39500.55811256.137.418.79.353.745.592.7951.39750.55911255.937.318.69.323.735.602.8001.40000.56011155.737.118.69.283.715.612.8051.40250.56111155.537.018.59.243.705.622.8101.40500.56211055.236.818.49.213.68S.632.8151.40750.56311055.036.718.39.173.675.642.8201.41000.56411054.836.518.39.143.655.652.8251.41250.56510954.636.418.29.103.645.662.8301.41500.56610954.436.318.19.063.635.572.8351.41750.56710854.236.118.19.033.615.682.8401.42000.56810854.036.018.08.993.605.692.8451.42250.56910753.735.817.98.963.585.702.8501.42500.57010753.535.717.88.923.575.712.8551.42750.57110753.335.617.88.893.565.722.8601.43000.57210653.135.417.78.853.545.732.8651.43250.57310652.935.317.68.823.535.742.8701.43500.57410552.735.117.68.793.51免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002表B1(完)试验力一压头球直径平方的比率0.102XF/口球直径30151052.51D/mm试验力F/N102942014710980749032452980.7735524521226612.9245.21839612.9306.5153.261.29一5一2.5’‘294.298.0749.0324.529.807压痕平均直径布氏硬度dl..HBW5.752.8751.43750.57510552.535.017.58.753.505.762.8801.44000.57610552.334.917.48.723.495.772.8851.44250.57710452.134.717.48.683.475.782.8901.44500.57810451.934.617.38.653.465.792.8951.44750.57910351.734.517.28.623.455.802.9001.45000.58010351.534.317.28.593.435.812.9051.45250.58110351.334.217.18.553.425.822.9101.45500.58210251.134.117.08.523.415.832.9151.45750.58310250.933.917.08.493.395.842.9201.46000.58410150.733.816.98.453.385.852.9251.46250.58510150.533.716.88.423.375.862.9301.46500.58610150.333.616.88.393.365.872.9351.46750.58710050.233.416.78.363.345.882.9401.47000.58899.950.033.316.78.333.335.892.9451.47250.58999.549.833.216.68.303.325.902.9501.47500.59099.249.633.116.58.263.315.912.9551.47750.59198.849.432.916.58.233.295.922.9601.48000.59298.449.232.816.48.203.285.932.9651.48250.59398.049.032.716.38.173.275.942.9701.48500.59497.748.832.616.38.143.265.952.9751.48750.59597.348.732.416.28.113.245.962.9801.49000.59696.948.532.316.28.083.235.972.9851.49250.59796.648.332.216.18.053.225.982.9901.49500.59896.248.132.116.08.023.215.992.9951.49750.59995.947.932.016.07.993.206.003.0001.50000.60095.547.731.815.97.963.1816免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.1-2002附录C(提示的附录)使用者对布氏硬度计的日常检查方法直接检验方法对于日常检查会消耗很多时间和财力，建议采用如下方法检查布氏硬度计每天试验前对硬度计至少进行一次检查检查之前，至少预压两个压痕以保证试样和压头处于稳定状态预测的数据不应使用。在标准硬度块上至少压出一个压痕。选择的标准块硬度值应与试验材料的硬度接近，如果硬度读数的平均值与标准块硬度值之差在GB/T231.2表2中规定的范围之内时，则认为硬度计合格，如果超差，应进行直接检验。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)ICS77.040.10H22夕户、灿GB/T231.2-2002代替GB/T6269-1997金属布氏硬度试验第2部分:硬度计的检验与校准MetallicBrinellhardnesstest-Part2:Verificationandcalibrationofhardnesstesters(ISO6506-2:1999，Metallicmaterials-BrinelIhardnesstest-Part2:Verificationandcalibrationoftestingmachines，MOD)2002-11-25发布2003-05-01实施中华人民共和国发布"`n，国家质量监督检验检疫总局免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-2002目次Il目}舀”””’.”····⋯⋯‘.’“.‘··。···································································⋯⋯w引言·································································································⋯⋯l1范围·········································································。···················⋯⋯l2规范性引用文件·············.····································。······。·⋯⋯”””””‘’“‘’“l3一般要求···································································。···················⋯⋯l4直接检验·······················································································⋯⋯35间接检验···································································。·····················一46检验周期·······················································································⋯⋯47检验报告和(或)校准证书··············，······⋯⋯””’二‘”‘”””””””””‘’‘’“‘””‘”’‘5附录A(资料性附录)测量装置间接检验法示例·······································⋯⋯.1免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-2002前--』‘.钾曰GB/T231《金属布氏硬度试验》分为如下三个部分:—第1部分:试验方法;—第2部分:硬度计的检验与校准;—第3部分:标准硬度块的标定。本部分为GB/T231的第2部分。本部分修改采用国际标准ISO6506-2:1999《金属材料布氏硬度试验第2部分:硬度计的检验与校准》(英文第一版)。本部分是根据ISO6506-2:1999采用翻译法起草的，在文本结构和技术内容方面与ISO6506-2:1999一致，存在小的差异如下:—用中文惯用的小数点符号“.”代替英文采用的小数点符号“，”;—为与我国相关硬度标准统一，改变了标准名称，合并了其引导要素和主体要素，统称为“金属布氏硬度试验”;—重新编写了前言，代替ISO6506-2的前言;—对于ISO6506-2所引用的其他国际标准，本部分直接引用与之相对应的我国国家标准。本部分代替并废止GB/T6269-1997《布氏硬度计的检验》。本部分与GB/T6269-1997相比主要变化如下:—修改了名称;一一标准结构和编写格式符合GB/T1.1-2000((标准化工作导则第1部分:标准的结构和编写规则》的要求，技术内容与ISO6506-2:1999保持一致;-一增加了引言，删除了ISO前言;—增加了检验时的温度要求(见本版的4.1.1,5.1);—删除了钢球压头(1997年版的4.2.3.2,5.1;本版的4.3.4.2);—删除了2mm球压头(1997年版的表2;本版的表1);—增加了第6章关于检验周期的规定(见第6章);—增加了资料性附录“测量装置间接检验法示例”(见附录A)o本部分的附录A为资料性附录。本部分由中国机械工业联合会提出。本部分由全国试验机标准化技术委员会归口。本部分负责起草单位:长春试验机研究所。本部分参加起草单位:上海材料试验机厂、莱州华银试验仪器有限公司。本部分主要起草人:郭永祥、桑佩君、周巧云。本部分所代替标准的历次版本发布情况:GB6269一1986,GB/T6269一1997。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-2002砚1誉.J.厂刁GB/T231本部分中的力值是根据公斤力(kgf)值换算而来的。这些力值都是在采用国际单位制(Si)以前引用的。GB/T231的本部分决定与国际标准一致仍保留这些基于旧单位建立的力值。国际标准在下一次修订时将要考虑引用试验力整数值(整数牛顿值)的益处和由此对相关各硬度标尺所产生的影目向注意，GB/T231的本部分规定只使用硬质合金球压头。布氏硬度符号是HBW，不宜与以前使用钢球压头时的符号HB或HBS混淆。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-2002金属布氏硬度试验第2部分:硬度计的检验与校准1范围GB/T231的本部分规定了按GB/T231.1的要求测定布氏硬度用的布氏硬度计(以下简称硬度计)的检验和校准方法。本部分规定了检查硬度计基本功能的直接检验法和适用于检查硬度计综合性能的间接检验法。如果硬度计还用于其他方法的硬度试验，则应按各自的方法对其进行检验。本部分也适用于便携式硬度计，但6.la)要求中“改变位置”一词不适用。2规范性引用文件下列文件中的条款通过GB/T231的本部分的引用而成为本部分的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本部分，然而，鼓励根据本部分达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准。GB/T231.1金属布氏硬度试验第1部分:试验方法(GB/T231.1-2002,ISO6506-1:1999,Metallicmaterials-Brinellhardnesstest-Part1:Testmethod,EQV)GB/T231.3-2002金属布氏硬度试验第3部分:标准硬度块的标定(ISO6506-3:1999,Meta1-licmaterials-Brinellhardnesstest-Part3:Calibrationofreferenceblocks，MOD)GB/T7997硬质合金维氏硬度试验方法(GB/T7997-1987,egvISO3878:1983)GB/T13634试验机检验用测力仪的校准(GB/T13634-2000,idtISO376:1999)3一般要求对布氏硬度计进行检验以前，应对其进行检查以确保:a)硬度计安装正确;b)压头主轴在导向体中正常滑动;c)在主轴上牢固安装带有一个球(取自按4.3检验合格的一批中)的压头;d)施加和卸除试验力时，无冲击、振动或过冲且不影响读数;c)对于测量装置与主机为一体的硬度计:—从卸除试验力到测量压痕，不影响读数;—照明不影响读数;—如需要，压痕中心要位于视场中心。4直接检验!通则4.!.1直接检验宜在(23士5)`C温度范围内进行。如果超出该温度范围，则应在检验报告中注明。4.1.2用于检验和校准的仪器应溯源到国家基准。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-20024.1.3直接检验包括:a)试验力的校准;b)压头的检验;c)压痕测量装置的校准;d)试验循环时间的检验。4.2试验力的校准4.2.1只要允许，应在试验过程中主轴整个移动范围内至少选择三个位置，测量各级试验力。4.2.2应采用下述两种方法之一测量试验力:—使用满足GB/T13634要求的1级测力仪;—用校准过质量的祛码通过机械装置施加一个准确到土0.2炜的力，使该力与被测试验力相平衡。4.2.3应在主轴的每个位置上，对各级试验力进行三次测量。将要读取试验力值的瞬间，主轴的移动方向应与试验时的移动方向一致。4.2.4测量的各级试验力的误差均应在GB/T231.1规定的试验力标称值的士1.0%以内。4.3压头的检验4.3.1压头由一个球和一个压头座组成。4.3.2应从一批球中随机抽取样品，检验其尺寸和硬度。检验完硬度的球应予剔除。4.3.3所有球均应抛光，并且无表面缺陷。4.3.4使用者应对球进行测量，以保证满足下述要求，或者从球的供方获得证明能满足下述要求的球二4.3.4.1球的直径应为在球的不少于三个位置上测量的单个测量值的平均值。每一单个测量值与其标称直径之差均不应超过表1给出的允差。表1不同球直径的允差单位为毫米球直径允差10士0.0055上0.0042.5士0.0031士0.0034.3.4.2硬质合金球的特性应满足下列要求:一一硬度:按GB/T7997的要求测定硬度，其维氏硬度不应低于1500HV10;—密度:P-(14.8士0.2)g/cm"。注:建议含有以下化学成分:碳化钨(We)剩余部分其他碳化物总量2.00o钻(co)5.0%一7,0%4.4压痕测量装置的校准4.4.1压痕测量装置的标尺分度应能估测到压痕直径的士。.50c")以内。4.4.2将测量装置各工作范围至少分成五个间隔，在分级测微尺上测量进行检验，其最大允许误差应为士。.5%。4.4.3测量投影区域时，其最大允许误差应为士1%”。4.4.4除上述测量装置的直接检验外，还可按附录A规定的方法进行间接检验。1)ISO6506-2;1999原文在此处的百分数前不加“士”。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-20024.5试验循环时间的检验试验循环时间应满足GB/T231.1的要求，并应进行调整使其不确定度在。.5s2，以内。5间接检验5.1间接检验应在(23士5)℃温度范围内使用按GB/T231.3标定的标准块进行。如果在该温度范围以外进行检验，应在检验报告中注明。标准块的试验面和支承面与压头表面不应有任何腐蚀性污物。5.2硬度计应针对各级试验力和所使用的每种规格的球进行检验。对每一试验力，应从下列硬度范围中至少选取两块标准块:—簇200HBW;—300镇HBW毛400;—)500HBW}如果可能，两块标准块应在不同的硬度范围中选取。注:当该硬度试验不可能在上述较高硬度范围内进行时(对于0.102XF/D2=5或10的情况)，可以仅使用一块较低硬度范围内的标准块进行检验。5.3应在每一标准块上压出均匀分布的五个压痕，并对其进行测量。试验应按GB/T231.1进行。5.4将每一标准块上所测得的五个压痕直径的平均值di,d=,d3,da,d:按大小递增的次序排列。5.5在规定的检验条件下硬度计的示值重复性由下面的量确定:d:一d,直径的总平均值d等于:d,+d,+d,+d,+峨d=5式中:d,,d-.,d3,d,,d:已在5.4规定。被检硬度计的示值重复性应符合表2的规定。表2硬度计的示值重复性和示值误差标准块硬度/HBW硬度计示值重复性的最大允许值/mm硬度计示值误差的最大允许值/%(相对H):;"簇1250.030d士31252250.020d士25.6在规定的检验条件下硬度计的示值误差由下面的量表示:H一H式中﹂H一五个压痕硬度值的平均值:一H一一H,+H,+H,十H,+H55式中:H,,H,H,,,H,,H;—与d,,d2,d3,d,,d:相对应的硬度值;H—标准块的标定硬度值。以标准块标定硬度值的百分比表示的硬度计示值误差不应超过表2的规定。2)ISO6506-2;1999原文在此处的“0.5s"，前加“士”。3)ISO6506-2:1999原文中此栏目的各项允许值前不加“士”。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-20026检验周期6.1直接检验下述情况下应进行直接检验:a)硬度计安装时或经拆卸重新装配后或改变位置后;b)间接检验结果不合格时;c)间接检验的时间间隔超过了12个月。每次直接检验后，接着应做间接检验。6.2间接检验两次间接检验的周期视硬度计的维护水平和被使用的次数而定。在任何情况下，检验周期不应超过12个月。7检验报告和(或)校准证书检验报告和(或)校准证书应包括下列内容:a)注明采用本标准，即GB/T231.2;b)检验方法(直接和(或)间接检验);。)硬度计的标识资料;d)检验器具(标准块、标准测力仪等);e)球压头直径和试验力;f)检验时的温度;g)检验结果;h)检验日期和检验机构。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.2-2002附录A(资料性附录)测t装置间接检验法示例测量装置的间接检验可以通过测量第5章中硬度计间接检验所使用的每一标准块上的标准压痕来进行(见GB/T231.3-2002中8.3的注)。以每一标准块上的某一标准压痕所选定直径的百分比表示的测量装置最大允许误差应为士1%4)o4)ISO6506-2:1999原文在此处的百分数前不加“士”。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 ICS77.040.10免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)H22中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T231.3-2002代替GB/T6270-1997金属布氏硬度试验第3部分:标准硬度块的标定MetallicBrinellhardnesstest-Part3:Calibrationofhardnessreferenceblocks(ISO6506-3:1999，Metallicmaterials-Brinellhardnesstest-Part3:Calibrationofreferenceblocks，MOD)2002-11-25发布2003-05-01实施中华人民共和国发布国家质量监督检验检疫总局免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.3-2002目次月U舀。。·，····。····。·······。····················································。·，······。···············。····⋯⋯”。。·⋯⋯皿引言··························································································，·····················⋯⋯1V1范围····················································，，······‘···················，·······················⋯⋯12规范性引用文件·.......................................................................·····.......·.....⋯⋯13标准块的制造···，，·····，，，，···············，·，，，，，·················，，，，·⋯，.··············，⋯⋯，，，14标准机··‘····················，··························，··，，，··················································⋯⋯25标定方法···················································，，···················································⋯⋯，36压痕数目········································································································⋯⋯37硬度均匀度······································································⋯⋯，，.········.·.....······.⋯⋯38标志·一9有效性免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.3-2002前言GB/T231《金属布氏硬度试验》分为如下三个部分:—第1部分:试验方法;—第2部分:硬度计的检验与校准;—第3部分:标准硬度块的标定。本部分为GB/T231的第3部分。本部分修改采用国际标准ISO6506-3:1999《金属材料布氏硬度试验第3部分:标准块的标定I(英文第一版)。本部分是根据ISO6506-3:1999采用翻译法起草的，在文本结构和技术内容方面与ISO6506-3:1999一致，存在小的差异如下:—用中文惯用的小数点符号“”代替英文采用的小数点符号“，，’;—为与我国相关硬度标准统一，改变了标准名称，合并了其引导要素和主体要素，统称为“金属布氏硬度试验，’;—重新编写了前言，代替ISO6506-3的前言;—对于ISO6506-3所引用的其他国际标准，本部分直接引用与之相对应的我国国家标准。本部分代替并废止GB/T6270-1997《标准布氏硬度块的标定》。本部分与GB/T6270-1997相比主要变化如下:—修改了名称;—标准结构和编写格式符合GB/T1.1-2000(标准化工作导则第1部分:标准的结构和编写规则》的要求，技术内容与ISO6506-3:1999保持一致;一一增加了引言，删除了ISO前言;—第8章补充了标准块的附带文件(1997年版的第8章;本版的第8章);—增加了第9章关于标准块有效性的规定(见第9章)。本部分由中国机械工业联合会提出。本部分由全国试验机标准化技术委员会归口。本部分负责起草单位:长春试验机研究所。本部分参加起草单位:上海材料试验机厂、莱州华银试验仪器有限公司、泉州市丰泽东海仪器硬度块厂。本部分主要起草人:郭永祥、桑佩君、周巧云、陈志明。本部分所代替标准的历次版本发布情况:GB6270-1986,GB/T6270-1997免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.3-2002引言GB/T231本部分中的力值是根据公斤力(kgf)值换算而来的。这些力值都是在采用国际单位制(Si)以前引用的。GB/T231的本部分决定与国际标准一致仍保留这些基于旧单位建立的力值。国际标准在下一次修订时将要考虑引用试验力整数值(整数牛顿值)的益处和由此对相关各硬度标尺所产生的影响。注意,GB/T231的本部分规定只使用硬质合金球压头。布氏硬度符号是HBW，不宜与以前使用钢球压头时的符号HB或HBSM.淆免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.3-2002金属布氏硬度试验第3部分:标准硬度块的标定范围GB/T231的本部分规定了在GB/T231.2中描述的布氏硬度计间接检验用标准硬度块(以下简称标准块)的标定方法2规范性引用文件下列文件中的条款通过GB/T231本部分的引用而成为本部分的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本部分，然而，鼓励根据本部分达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本部分。GB/T231.1金属布氏硬度试验第1部分:试验方法(GB/T231.1-2002,ISO6506-1:1999Metallicmaterials-Brinellhardnesstest-Part1:Testmethod,EQV)GB/T231.2-2002金属布氏硬度试验第2部分:布氏硬度计的检验与校准(ISO6506-2:1999,Metallicmaterials-Brinellhardnesstest-Part2:Verificationandcalibrationoftestingma-chines,MOD)GB/T3505产品几何技术规范表面结构轮廓法表面结构的术语、定义及参数(GB/T3505-2000,eqvISO4287:1997)GB/T7997硬质合金维氏硬度试验方法(GB/T7997-1987,egvISO3878:1983)GB/T13634试验机检验用测力仪的校准(GB/T13634-2000,idtISO376:1999)3标准块的制造3.1标准块应专门制造。注:需要重视所使用的制造工艺过程，以使标准块获得必要的均质性、组织稳定性和表面硬度的均匀性3.2每一待标定的金属块的厚度:—对于10mm球，不应小于16mm;—对于5mm球，不应小于12mm;—对于小于5mm球，不应小于6mm,3.3标准块应无磁性。对于钢制的块，建议制造者确保在其制造工艺结束时(标定前)均经过退磁处理。3.4标准块两表面的平面度和平行度应符合表1的规定。3.5试验面应无影响压痕测量的划痕‘见表1),3.6为检查标准块以后不去除任何材料，标定时，应在标准块上标注其厚度，准确到。.1mm，或应在试验面上做出鉴别标记(见第8章)免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.3-2002表1标准块的要求表面粗糙度参数的最大允许值球直径/mm表面平面度/mm平行度/(mm/50mm)Ra"/pm试验面支承面100.040.050.30.850.030.040.20.8<50.020.030.10.8a取样长度1=0.8mm(见GB/T3505)4标准机4.1标准布氏硬度机除应满足GB/T231.2-2002第3章规定的一般要求外，还应满足4.2-4.8的要求4.2应对标准机进行直接检验，检验周期不超过12个月。直接检验包括:a)试验力的校准;b)压头的检验;c)钡1量装置的校准;d)试验循环时间的检验。4.3用于检验和校准的仪器应溯源到国家基准4.4每一试验力应准确到GB/T231.1规定的试验力标称值的士。.1肠以内。应使用满足GB/T13634要求的0.5级标准测力仪测量试验力。4.5应对压头进行检验，除了球直径的允差应满足表2规定的要求外，压头还应满足GB/T231.2-2002中4.3规定的要求。表2不同球直径的允差单位为毫米球直径允差10士0.0035士0.0022.5土0.0011士0.0014.6对于用10mm和5mm直径的球压出的压痕，测量装置的标尺应分度到能读出。.002mm;对于用小于5mm直径的球压出的压痕，应分度到能读出。.001mm,将测量装置标尺各工作范围至少分成五个间隔，在分级测微尺上测量进行检验，对应不同的压痕直径，测量装置的准确度应符合表3的规定。表3Mf装置的准确度单位为毫米压痕直径允许误差d<1士0.00051(d<2.5士0.001d>2.5士0.002免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.3-20024.7试验循环时间应满足GB/T231.1的要求，并应进行调整使其不确定度在。.5s,，以内。4.8硬质合金球的特性应满足下列要求:—硬度:按GB/T7997的要求测定硬度，其维氏硬度不应低于1500HV10;—密度:，一(14.8士0.2)g/cm"。注:建议含有以下化学成分:碳化钨(WC)剩余部分其他碳化物总量2.0%钻(Co)5.0%一7.0%5标定方法应在(23士5)℃的温度范围内使用GB/T231.1规定的一般试验方法，在第4章描述的标准机上进行标定。从开始施加试验力到达满试验力的时间应在6s^-8s之间。试验力保持时间应为10s-15s,施加试验力的控制机构应保证球接触标准块前的接近速度不超过1mm/se6压痕数目在每一标准块的整个试验面上应压出均匀分布的五个压痕。7硬度均匀度设di,d2.d=d4,d。为每个测量的压痕直径的平均值，按大小递增的次序排列。在规定标定条件下标准块的均匀度为:d:一d,以d的百分比表示，其中d按下式计算:一d,-Fd2+d,+d;十战d=—57.2标准块不均匀度的最大允许值应符合表4的规定。表4不均匀度的最大允许值d/mm不均匀度的最大允许值/%(相对d)d<0.52.0。.511.0注:硬度值低于200HBW时，不均匀度的最大允许值可以是d的2.0%08标志8.1每一标准块上应标记下列内容:a)标定时测得的硬度值的算术平均值，例如:348HBW5/750;b)供方或制造者的名称或标志;c)编号;d)标定机构的名称或标志;e)标准块的厚度或试验面上的鉴别标记(见3.6);f)标定年份(在编号中未标出时)。1)ISO6506-3;1999原文此处在“0.5s"，前加“士”号。免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)GB/T231.3-20028.2当试验面朝上时，标在标准块侧面上的任何标记均应是正立的。8.3随提供的每一标准块，应附有至少包括下列内容的证书:a)注明采用本标准，即GB/T231.3;b)标准块的标识;c)标定日期;d)硬度值的算术平均值或表征标准块均匀度的值(见7.1).注:可以从五个压痕中选择一个压痕作为标准压痕用于GB/T231.2-2002附录A提到的测量装置的间接检验。因此，宜对该压痕作一个永久标记，标出所测的一条直径9有效性满足第3章要求的标准块，只对标定的标尺有效注:标定的有效期不宜超过5年.免费标准下载网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载'