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ContentsPrefacexviiChapter1Introduction1.1Database-SystemApplications11.9TransactionManagement221.2PurposeofDatabaseSystems31.10DataMiningandAnalysis231.3ViewofData51.11DatabaseArchitecture241.4DatabaseLanguages91.12DatabaseUsersandAdministrators261.5RelationalDatabases111.13HistoryofDatabaseSystems281.6DatabaseDesign141.14Summary301.7Object-BasedandSemistructuredExercises31Databases19BibliographicalNotes321.8DataStorageandQuerying20PART1RELATIONALDATABASESChapter2RelationalModel2.1StructureofRelationalDatabases372.5NullValues662.2FundamentalRelational-Algebra2.6ModificationoftheDatabase68Operations462.7Summary702.3AdditionalRelational-AlgebraExercises71Operations55BibliographicalNotes732.4ExtendedRelational-AlgebraOperations60vii
viiiContentsChapter3SQL3.1Background753.8ComplexQueries973.2DataDefinition773.9Views993.3BasicStructureofSQLQueries803.10ModificationoftheDatabase1033.4SetOperations873.11JoinedRelations∗∗1103.5AggregateFunctions893.12Summary1153.6NullValues91Exercises1163.7NestedSubqueries93BibliographicalNotes120Chapter4AdvancedSQL4.1SQLDataTypesandSchemas1214.7RecursiveQueries∗∗1514.2IntegrityConstraints1264.8AdvancedSQLFeatures∗∗1554.3Authorization1334.9Summary1584.4EmbeddedSQL134Exercises1594.5DynamicSQL137BibliographicalNotes1624.6FunctionsandProceduralConstructs∗∗145Chapter5OtherRelationalLanguages5.1TheTupleRelationalCalculus1635.5Summary1945.2TheDomainRelationalCalculus168Exercises1955.3Query-by-Example171BibliographicalNotes1985.4Datalog180PART2DATABASEDESIGNChapter6DatabaseDesignandtheE-RModel6.1OverviewoftheDesignProcess2016.9ReductiontoRelationalSchemas2416.2TheEntity-RelationshipModel2046.10OtherAspectsofDatabaseDesign2486.3Constraints2106.11TheUnifiedModelingLanguage6.4Entity-RelationshipDiagrams214UML∗∗2516.5Entity-RelationshipDesignIssues2206.12Summary2546.6WeakEntitySets225Exercises2566.7ExtendedE-RFeatures227BibliographicalNotes2616.8DatabaseDesignforBankingEnterprise236
ContentsixChapter7RelationalDatabaseDesign7.1FeaturesofGoodRelational7.6DecompositionUsingMultivaluedDesigns263Dependencies2937.2AtomicDomainsandFirstNormal7.7MoreNormalForms298Form2687.8Database-DesignProcess2997.3DecompositionUsingFunctional7.9ModelingTemporalData302Dependencies2707.10Summary3047.4Functional-DependencyTheory278Exercises3067.5DecompositionUsingFunctionalBibliographicalNotes310Dependencies288Chapter8ApplicationDesignandDevelopment8.1UserInterfacesandTools3118.7AuthorizationinSQL3358.2WebInterfacestoDatabases3148.8ApplicationSecurity3438.3WebFundamentals3158.9Summary3508.4ServletsandJSP321Exercises3528.5BuildingLargeWebApplications326BibliographicalNotes3578.6Triggers329PART3OBJECT-BASEDDATABASESANDXMLChapter9Object-BasedDatabases9.1Overview3619.7ImplementingO-RFeatures3789.2ComplexDataTypes3629.8PersistentProgrammingLanguages3799.3StructuredTypesandInheritancein9.9Object-OrientedversusSQL365Object-Relational3879.4TableInheritance3699.10Summary3889.5ArrayandMultisetTypesinSQL371Exercises3899.6Object-IdentityandReferenceTypesinBibliographicalNotes393SQL376Chapter10XML10.1Motivation39510.6StorageofXMLData42110.2StructureofXMLData39910.7XMLApplications42810.3XMLDocumentSchema40210.8Summary43110.4QueryingandTransformation408Exercises43310.5ApplicationProgramInterfacestoBibliographicalNotes436XML420
xContentsPART4DATASTORAGEANDQUERYINGChapter11StorageandFileStructure11.1OverviewofPhysicalStorage11.6FileOrganization464Media44111.7OrganizationofRecordsinFiles46811.2MagneticDisks44411.8Data-DictionaryStorage47211.3RAID45011.9Summary47411.4TertiaryStorage458Exercises47611.5StorageAccess460BibliographicalNotes478Chapter12IndexingandHashing12.1BasicConcepts48112.8ComparisonofOrderedIndexingand12.2OrderedIndices482Hashing518+12.3B-TreeIndexFiles48912.9BitmapIndices52012.4B-TreeIndexFiles50112.10IndexDefinitioninSQL52312.5Multiple-KeyAccess50212.11Summary52412.6StaticHashing506Exercises52612.7DynamicHashing511BibliographicalNotes529Chapter13QueryProcessing13.1Overview53113.6OtherOperations55513.2MeasuresofQueryCost53313.7EvaluationofExpressions55913.3SelectionOperation53413.8Summary56313.4Sorting539Exercises56613.5JoinOperation542BibliographicalNotes568Chapter14QueryOptimization14.1Overview56914.4ChoiceofEvaluationPlans58414.2TransformationofRelational14.5MaterializedViews∗∗593Expressions57114.6Summary59814.3EstimatingStatisticsofExpressionExercises599Results578BibliographicalNotes602
ContentsxiPART5TRANSACTIONMANAGEMENTChapter15Transactions15.1TransactionConcept60915.6Recoverability62615.2TransactionState61215.7ImplementationofIsolation62715.3ImplementationofAtomicityand15.8TestingforSerializability628Durability61515.9Summary63015.4ConcurrentExecutions617Exercises63215.5Serializability620BibliographicalNotes633Chapter16ConcurrencyControl16.1Lock-BasedProtocols63516.7InsertandDeleteOperations66416.2Timestamp-BasedProtocols64816.8WeakLevelsofConsistency66716.3Validation-BasedProtocols65116.9ConcurrencyinIndexStructures∗∗66916.4MultipleGranularity65316.10Summary67316.5MultiversionSchemes656Exercises67616.6DeadlockHandling659BibliographicalNotes680Chapter17RecoverySystem17.1FailureClassification68317.7FailurewithLossofNonvolatile17.2StorageStructure684Storage70217.3RecoveryandAtomicity68817.8AdvancedRecoveryTechniques∗∗70317.4Log-BasedRecovery68917.9RemoteBackupSystems71117.5RecoverywithConcurrent17.10Summary713Transactions697Exercises71617.6BufferManagement699BibliographicalNotes718PART6DATAMININGANDINFORMATIONRETRIEVALChapter18DataAnalysisandMining18.1Decision-SupportSystems72318.5Summary75218.2DataAnalysisandOLAP725Exercises75418.3DataWarehousing736BibliographicalNotes75618.4DataMining739
xiiContentsChapter19InformationRetrieval19.1Overview75919.7WebSearchEngines77119.2RelevanceRankingUsingTerms76119.8InformationRetrievalandStructured19.3RelevanceUsingHyperlinks763Data77219.4Synonyms,Homonymsand19.9Directories773Ontologies76819.10Summary77619.5IndexingofDocuments769Exercises77719.6MeasuringRetrievalEffectiveness770BibliographicalNotes779PART7SYSTEMARCHITECTUREChapter20Database-SystemArchitectures20.1CentralizedandClient–Server20.5NetworkTypes801Architectures78320.6Summary80320.2ServerSystemArchitectures786Exercises80520.3ParallelSystems790BibliographicalNotes80720.4DistributedSystems797Chapter21ParallelDatabases21.1Introduction80921.6InteroperationParallelism82421.2I/OParallelism81021.7DesignofParallelSystems82621.3InterqueryParallelism81421.8Summary82721.4IntraqueryParallelism815Exercises82921.5IntraoperationParallelism816BibliographicalNotes831Chapter22DistributedDatabases22.1HomogeneousandHeterogeneous22.7DistributedQueryProcessing859Databases83322.8HeterogeneousDistributed22.2DistributedDataStorage834Databases86222.3DistributedTransactions83722.9DirectorySystems86522.4CommitProtocols84022.10Summary87022.5ConcurrencyControlinDistributedExercises873Databases846BibliographicalNotes87622.6Availability854
ContentsxiiiPART8OTHERTOPICSChapter23AdvancedApplicationDevelopment23.1PerformanceTuning88123.5Summary90023.2PerformanceBenchmarks891Exercises90223.3Standardization895BibliographicalNotes90323.4ApplicationMigration899Chapter24AdvancedDataTypesandNewApplications24.1Motivation90524.5MobilityandPersonalDatabases92224.2TimeinDatabases90624.6Summary92724.3SpatialandGeographicData908Exercises92924.4MultimediaDatabases919BibliographicalNotes931Chapter25AdvancedTransactionProcessing25.1Transaction-ProcessingMonitors93325.7TransactionManagementin25.2TransactionalWorkflows938Multidatabases95625.3E-Commerce94425.8Summary95925.4Main-MemoryDatabases947Exercises96225.5Real-TimeTransactionSystems949BibliographicalNotes96425.6Long-DurationTransactions950PART9CASESTUDIESChapter26PostgreSQL26.1Introduction96726.5StorageandIndexing98826.2UserInterfaces96826.6QueryProcessingand26.3SQLVariationsandExtensions971Optimization99126.4TransactionManagementin26.7SystemArchitecture994PostgreSQL979BibliographicalNotes995
xivContentsChapter27Oracle27.1DatabaseDesignandQuerying27.6SystemArchitecture1019Tools99727.7Replication,Distribution,andExternal27.2SQLVariationsandExtensions999Data102227.3StorageandIndexing100127.8DatabaseAdministrationTools102427.4QueryProcessingand27.9DataMining1025Optimization1010BibliographicalNotes102627.5ConcurrencyControlandRecovery1017Chapter28IBMDB2UniversalDatabase28.1Overview102728.9ToolsandUtilitites104828.2Database-DesignTools102928.10ConcurrencyControland28.3SQLVariationsandExtensions1029Recovery105028.4StorageandIndexing103428.11SystemArchitecture105228.5MultidimensionsalClustering103728.12Replication,DistributionandExternal28.6QueryProcessingandData1053Optimization104028.13BusinessIntelligenceFeatures105428.7MaterializedQueryTables1045BibliographicalNotes105528.8AutonomicFeaturesinDB21047Chapter29MicrosoftSQLServer29.1Management,Design,andQuerying29.8DistributedHeterogeneousQueryTools1057Processing108129.2SQLVariationsandExtensions106229.9Replication108229.3StorageandIndexing106629.10ServerProgrammingin.NET108429.4QueryProcessingand29.11XMLSupportinSQLServer20051089Optimization106929.12SQLServerServiceBroker109429.5ConcurrencyandRecovery107429.13DataWarehouseandBusiness29.6SystemArchitecture1078Intelligence109629.7DataAccess1080BibliographicalNotes1100PART10APPENDICESAppendixANetworkModel(contentsonline)A.1BasicConceptsA1A.6DBTGSet-ProcessingFacilityA22A.2Data-StructureDiagramsA2A.7MappingofNetworkstoFilesA27A.3TheDBTGCODASYLModelA7A.8SummaryA31A.4DBTGData-RetrievalFacilityA13ExercisesA32A.5DBTGUpdateFacilityA20BibliographicalNotesA35
ContentsxvAppendixBHierarchicalModel(contentsonline)B.1BasicConceptsB1B.6MappingofHierarchiestoFilesB22B.2Tree-StructureDiagramsB2B.7TheIMSDatabaseSystemB24B.3Data-RetrievalFacilityB13B.8SummaryB25B.4UpdateFacilityB18ExercisesB26B.5VirtualRecordsB21BibliographicalNotesB29AppendixCAdvancedRelationalDatabaseDesign(contentsonline)C.1MultivaluedDependenciesC1C.4SummaryC10C.2JoinDependenciesC5ExercisesC10C.3Domain-KeyNormalFormC8BibliographicalNotesC11Bibliography1101Index1129'
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