冬雨季施工措施--中英文 9页

'五、Winterconstructionmeasures冬季施工措施1.Reinforcingbarengineering钢筋工程1.1Inanegativetemperatureconditions,itsmechanicalperformanceofreinforcedtochange,sowinteroftheconstructionshouldtakeappropriatemeasurestoensuretheconstructionquality.Steelprocessing,coldpull,weldingshouldtakeblockrain,windinasettingonthewindshieldetc在负温条件下的钢筋，其力学性能要发生变化，故冬期施工时应采取妥善的措施以确保施工质量。钢筋的加工、冷拉、焊接应采取遮雨、在上风向处设置挡风等措施。1.2Negativetemperatureconditionsreinforcedcoldpullenvironmentaltemperatureshouldnotbebelow-20℃.Theelongationaccordingtothecontrolmethodtodeterminethecontrol负温条件下钢筋冷拉环境温度不得低于–20℃。其伸长率的控制按所采用的控制方法确定。1.3Negativetemperatureconditionssteelweldingenvironmenttemperaturemaynotbelessthan20℃,andatthesametime--shouldberainproof,snowsheltermeasures.Afterweldingjoints,forbiddenimmediatelyencountericeandsnow负温条件下钢筋焊接环境温度不得低于–20℃，同时应有防雨、雪挡风措施。焊后的接头，严禁立刻碰到冰雪。2.Concreteprojects砼工程Thewinterofconcreteengineeringconstruction,fromtheconstructionperiod,basedonthetemperaturequality,speedupprogresspremise,chooseappropriateconstructionmeasures砼工程的冬期施工，要从施工期间的气温出发，在保证质量、加快进度前提下，选择适宜的施工措施。2.1、UseofthecementconcretecastingchooseordinaryPortland cement.CementlabelnotbelowP.o3.25level.Everycubicconcrete300kgdosageofcementshouldsnotbelessthan.Aggregatemustbeclean,andshallnotcontainiceandsnowandfrozenpieces 对砼浇筑使用的水泥选用普通硅酸盐水泥。水泥标号不低于P.o32.5级。每立方混凝土中水泥用量不宜少于300kg。骨料必须清洁，不得含有冰雪和冻块。2.2、Toreducecold,shouldtheconcretemixingwater-cementratiodecreased,andthereclamationandappropriateamountofantifreeze,earlystrengthagent.Mixedbreedandquantitywhichsetbythelaboratorytestmatchafter为减少冻害，应将砼配合比的水灰比适当减小，并填加适量的抗冻剂、早强剂。所掺品种及数量由试验室试配后定。2.3、Themachinethatconcreteregardingmix-proportion℃temperatureshallnotbelowerthan10,stirringcanjoinhotwatercontrol;whenIntothemouldtemperatureshouldnotbelessthan5℃,theconcreteshallpromptlycastingmachine,preventafteralongtimeleadtoconcretetemperaturedecrease.Temperatureistoolow,shouldsuspendcastingconcretework砼拌合物的出机温度不宜低于10℃，搅拌时可以加入热水控制；入模温度不得低于5℃，混凝土出机后应及时浇筑，防止时间过长导致混凝土温度降低。温度过低时，应暂停浇砼工作。2.4、Aftermolding,concretecastingimmediatelywithsacksoffilmsandplasticfilmmulchingandpayingattentiontotheoftenmonitoringtemperaturechanges.砼浇筑成型后立即用麻袋片及塑料薄膜覆盖，并注意经常监测温度变化。2.5、Bearingstructureandpoolbodystructureetctodismantlemouldshouldpressformularydesignstrengthranksof100%,othertemplateshouldstayconcretestrengthachieves70%oftherear designstrengthofconcrete,avoidmoulddetachablefrozenloss.Underthesameconditionmaintenancecandoblock,dismantlingformworkandtrytosupport,sampleblockstotestitscompressivestrength,reference承重结构及池体结构等拆模应按规定达到设计强度等级的100%，其它模板应待砼强度达到设计强度的70%后方可拆模，避免砼冻损。可做同条件养护下试块，拆除模板及支撑时，对试块检验其抗压强度，做为参考。2.6、Templatesandthermalinsulationlayershouldbeintheconcretecoolingto5℃rearcandismantled.Whenconcretetemperatureandtheoutsideworld,andmorethan20℃diewhentheconcretesurfaceshouldbetemporaryaftercovering,makeitsslowcooling模板和保温层应该在混凝土冷却到5℃后方可拆除。当混凝土与外界的温差大于20℃时，拆模后的混凝土表面应临时覆盖，使其缓慢冷却。2.7、Themaintenanceofconcretebyinsulationheatstoragemethod.Forimportantprojectconstruction,massconcrete,beforetheconstructionschemeshouldpreparedetailed,andaftercomputation,canconcreteimplementation砼的养护采用保温蓄热法。对重要的工程项目、大体积砼，施工前应编制详细的施工方案，并进行热工计算后，方能具体实施。2.8、Dothewinterconstructionofconcreteconstructionrecords做好冬季施工时的混凝土的施工记录。3.Masonryengineering砌体工程3.1、Brickmasonry,surfacecontaminantsinbefore,iceandsnow,etcmustcleancleanwaterbaptism,wasfrozenbrickaftermaybeused.Higherthan0℃,ordinarybrick,porousbrickandhollowbricksshouldbewateredwet;Lessorequalto0℃,don"twater,increasethemortarplastics砖在砌筑前，表面污物、冰雪等必须清扫干净，遭水浸后冻结的砖不得 使用。高于0℃时，普通砖、多孔砖和空心砖应浇水湿润；小于等于0℃时，可不浇水，加大砂浆稠度。3.2、Usestone,suchasHuiGaoclayanointedbyfrozen,mustbeapprovedbymeltingrearcanuse.Seasdehydration,weatheringstoneHuiGaoshallnotbeused使用石灰膏粘土膏，如遭冻结，必须经融化后方可使用。受冻脱水、风化的石灰膏不得使用。3.3、UsingordinaryPortlandcementmixingmortar.Whenmixingmortar,appropriateUSEStwo-stepfeedingmethod.Withsandmixing1cmshallnotcontaindiameterfreezeofice,sandblockandthetemperatureofthewaterdoesnotexceed40℃,nomorethan80℃andpreventfalsecoagulationphenomenon采用普通硅酸盐水泥拌制砂浆。拌制砂浆时，宜采用两步投料法。拌制用的砂不得含有直径大于1cm的冻结块和冰块，砂的温度不超过40℃，水温不超过80℃，防止出现假凝现象。3.4、Thebondingmortarlabelshouldraiselevel,shouldbeadjusted(consistence13cm),mixing8~thetimeshouldbeextended,themortarthannormaltemperatureincreases0.5~1times砌筑砂浆标号应提高一级，稠度应适当调整（8～13cm），搅拌砂浆的时间应延长，比常温时增加0.5～1倍。3.5、Withovermixmortarshallbewith,unfavorableexceed15minutes.Verbotenhasfrozenmortar,mustnotusehotwatertofreezemortarmixagainwithinmixeduse,unfavorablealsoaddwatertomortarduringlaying砂浆应随拌随用，不宜超过15分钟。严禁使用已经冻结的砂浆，不准用热水掺入冻结砂浆内重新搅拌使用，也不宜在砌筑时向砂浆加水。3.6Everymuststrictinspection,andcoveredCaoBaocompletion.Thenextdayatwork,shouldbeinthesnowan"dfrostoffirstcleansurfaceofthebrickmasonryafterSaulcontinued 每天必须严格检查完工情况，并用草包覆盖好。在第二天上班时，应先将砖表面的霜雪扫净后继续砌筑。4.Plastererengineering抹灰工程Asthewinterconstructionplasteringengineeringpractice,partofthethermalsporadicengineeringbycoldoutdoorpractice.Hotpracticewhenconstruction,environmentaltemperatureshouldbein+5℃above,andkeepthebasicdrysofar.Externalthermalinsulationlayer抹灰工程的冬季施工尽量采用热作法，部分室外的零星工程采用冷作法。热作法施工时，环境温度应在+5℃以上，并且保持抹灰层基本干燥为止。4.1、Plasteringmortarshallbeused,theprojectin+5℃above,byhotwatercanbeappropriatelymixing.Whennecessary,borninindoorheatingstoveorWindowsclosed抹灰工程所用的砂浆，应在+5℃以上，可适当采用热水拌制。必要时可在室内生火炉采暖，或将门窗封闭。4.2、Ifconditionspermitinmortarcanaddthepart,inordertoreducethechemicaladditionalagentplasteringmortaroffreezingpoint如条件允许可在砂浆内加入部分化学附加剂，以降低抹灰砂浆的冰点。4.3、Plasterergrassrootssurfaceasafrostsnow,usableandwithconcentrationofantifreezeplasteringmortar,thesurfacewatersolutionscourdebrisafterplasteringcleanfinale抹灰基层表面如有冰霜雪时，可用与抹灰砂浆同浓度的防冻剂热水溶液冲刷，将表面杂物清除干净后再行抹灰。5.Winterconstructionsafetymeasures冬季施工的安全措施5.1、Completesthewinterofconstructionpreparationchecksonworkersafetytechnicaltraining,professionalsecurityofficerresponsibleforthesitewiththecompanyorthelocalmeteorologicalofficesandcontact,timelyreceivingcoldweather forecast,preventingsurpriseattack做好冬期施工准备工作的检查，对职工安全技术培训，由工地专职安全员负责与公司或当地气象台联系，及时接收天气预报，防止寒流突然袭击。5.2、Rainandsnow,earnestlypreventfreezing,preventslippery,suchasfirepreventionpreparations,andpreparemustmaterial(likeCaoBao,antifreeze)andfacilities(suchasfireextinguishers)认真做好防雨雪、防冻、防滑、防火等准备工作，备齐必须的材料（如草包、抗冻剂）和设施（如灭火器）。5.3、Withtemporaryconduitroadofconstructioninspection,insulationantifreeze对施工用临时水管路进行检查、保温防冻。5.4、Scaffolding,obliquerunwayclimingfacilitiesmustdo,shouldsweepslipperymeasureassnow.Andcheckwhethersubsystemorbindingwirebecomeloose,whetherinthesinking,thereinforcement脚手架、斜跑道等登高设施须做好防滑措施，应扫尽积雪。并检查扣件或绑扎铁丝是否松动，架子是否下沉，及时进行加固处理。5.5、Sitefireequipmentpreparationiscomplete,tofireequipmentwellinsulationanti-freezemeasures现场消防器材准备齐全，对消防器材做好保温防冻措施。5.6、AfterShiGongOubiotope,snowshallpromptlytoclearroadsandsectionofsnow,avoidtoformafterleg-bandssafely大雪后，生活区、施工区应及时清扫道路和作业区的积雪，避免形成冻雪后影响安全。5.7、On-sitecranes,mustpayattentiontothewindblewscaffold现场吊车、脚手架要注意防风吹倒。5.8、Notemotorvehicleshouldusefangdongye,addinganti-slidingmeasures,drivingtoslow 注意机动车辆应使用防冻液，加设防滑措施，行驶要慢速。5.9、Preventlandslideslopeopen防止边坡开冻滑坡。5.10、Forbiddensitewithouttheconsentofrawfurnacewarminghimself严禁现场未经同意生炉烤火。5.11、Toolroomshouldstrengthenfirepatrol,forbiddentouseelectricstove,sun,largelightbulb,powergreaterthan100Waboveelectricappliances,etc工具房要加强防火巡视，严禁使用电炉、太阳灯、大灯泡，功率大于100W以上的电器等。5.12、Constructionsiteusedforinsulationantifreezesacksslice,flammablespecialist,specialgroup(should)custody,attentiontoLaban,mainworkshoptimelyrecoveryCaoBaoetcarestrictlyforbiddenintemporarystackednumber.such施工现场用于保温防冻的麻袋片等易燃物应专人、专组（班）进行保管、注意及时回收，主厂房内严禁临时堆放草包等易燃物。5.13、On-siteforbidssmokingandflowsmokingandthrowcigarettebutts现场严禁吸烟和流动吸烟及乱丢烟头。5.14、Keyfirearea(suchas:oil,paintstoragerooms,carpentrytostrengthenresponsibilitybetween),designatespecialpersonstotakechargeoffire,fire,ortobaccouseisstrictlyprohibitedrmb20.00severelypunished重点防火区域（如：油品、油漆存放间、木工间）要加强防火责任制，指定专人负责，严禁动用明火或吸烟，违者重罚。5.15、Liftingtransportation起重运输a.Allthemachinerywithwatertanktopreventenginefreeze,beforecomingoffworkwillputcleanwater,watertankforworkthenextdaywithwarmwater所有带水箱的机械为防止发动机受冻，下班前要将水箱水放净，第二天上班时加换温热水。 b.Beforethemechanicalactiontotryturn10to20minutes.Duringmechanicaloperation,nomaintenancerepairwork机械作用前要试转10～20分钟。机械运转期间，不准进行保养检修工作。c.Incaseofheavysnow,thefogofsevereweathersuchaslowvisibility,commandstaffcan"tseeworksite,theoperatorcan"tseecommandsignal,shallnotengageinliftingwork遇有大雪、大雾等能见度低的恶劣气候，指挥人员看不清工作地点，操作人员看不清指挥信号时，不得进行起重工作。d.Rain,snowworktopreventthecranebrakefailure,dampshouldcheckbeforeworkandtrybrakes,hang(liftweightsfromthegroundup,about10cmcontinuousconfirmationofreliableseveraltimes).雨、雪天工作要防止吊车制动器受潮失效，工作前应检查制动器，并进行试吊（吊起重物离地10cm左右，连续上下数次）确认可靠。6、Monsoonconstructionmeasures雨季施工技术措施6.1、Impactoftendetermination,therainyseasonwatermixingwithaggregateconcretewhenthemoisturecontentsuchasprovideappropriatescene,toensuretheconcretemixingtheintensity.Concretetruckmuststrengthenthecover,concreteforbiddentorain,on-sitepreparationworktomoveeasilyportablecanopy砂石料雨季含水量要经常测定，砼拌制时随骨料等的含水率提供合适的现场配合比，以保证砼的强度。砼运输车要加强覆盖，砼严禁受雨淋，现场预备轻便易于挪动的工作雨棚。6.2、Duringathunderstorm,structures(includingconstructionconsideringmuscle),preventlightninggroundingsteel雷雨期间，构筑物（含筋）施工考虑接地钢筋，防止雷击。6.3、Rainyseasoninconstructionconcretecastingtrytoarrangerainordrizzle,andweathercanopycoverspan.aforeffect,andrainydaysnotarrangeforpipelineinterfaceconstruction雨季施工砼浇筑尽量安排在无雨或小雨天气下进行，并搭设雨棚作覆盖作用，且雨天不安排进行管道接口施工。 6.4、Rainyseason,shouldpayattentiontoconstructiontransportationinconvenient,theconstructionmaterialssupplyproblemscanbeappropriatelybeforetherainyseasonreserves雨季施工运输不便，要注意施工材料的供应问题，可适当在雨季来临之前储备。6.5、Constructionsiteandprocessingworkshopsettingupreasonabledrainagesystem,makesurecurrentisexpedite,donotsetwater,construction,andcompletestheroadsidewalkgooddrainage,staysunnyarchandafterconstructionrecoveredquickly施工现场及加工车间合理设置排水系统，保证水流畅通，不集水，施工便道良好，并做好路拱以利排水，待晴天后迅速恢复施工。6.6、Giveconstructionpersonnelequippedwithnecessarygaloshes,raincoat,constructionshortcutstotakenecessaryanti-slidingmeasurestoensurethesafetyproduction给施工人员配备必要的雨鞋、雨衣，施工便道采取必要的防滑措施，确保安全生产。6.7、Allelectricalequipmenttakerainproofmoisture-proofmeasures,powerequipmentinstallationgroundingprotectiondevice所有机电设备采取防雨防潮措施，用电设备安装接地保护装置。6.8、Rawmaterialsandsemi-finishedproductsetc,infearrainmaterialssecretlyorhousepad,havegoodhighyardsbyventilated,don"tmakecementrain,damp原材料及半成品等怕雨淋材料，放入棚内或屋内垫高码好，有良好通风，勿使水泥遭雨、受潮。'