GBT14733.6-2005电信术语空间无线电通信.pdf 30页

'ICS33.020M04荡日中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994代替GB/T14733.6-1993电信术语空间无线电通信Terminologyfortelecommunication-Spaceradiocommunication(IEC60050-725:1994,InternationalelectrotechnicalvocabularyPart(725):Spaceradiocommunications,IDT)2005-10-10发布2006-06-01实施中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局发布中国国家标准化管理委员会 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994目次前言························，····························，····························································⋯⋯工1范围·，·······························，····································································，······⋯⋯12规范性引用文件·································，，，，·························，·，···················，··········⋯⋯13术语和定义······································································，·，····························⋯⋯13.1卫星、航天器、轨道，，··，，，，·，，···················，，，·，，··········。。。，，，，，，，·····。···。。。。。。······，····一13.2空间无线电通信系统·，················“··························‘······，，，，，···························⋯⋯73.3天线和波束········，，··········································································，··········⋯⋯133.4传输·······················································，····，·············································⋯⋯15中文索引·····················，··························，····························，，····························⋯⋯19英文索引·······························································································，，···········，，，，二22 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994oil舌本部分为GB/T14733的第6部分，修改采用IEC60050-725:1994《国际电工词汇第725章:空间无线电通信》。术语的条目编号与IEC60050-725:1994保持一致本部分的部分术语与GB/T2900.54-2002《电工术语无线电通信:发射机、接收机、网络和运行》中的术语相关，后者是等同采用IEC60050-713:1998。考虑到IEC标准的发表次序，并经过充分的技术研究，凡与GB/T2900.54-2002中相同的术语，尽量采用一致的术语及定义，以保证术语标准的协调统一。为了表明与GB/T2900.54-2002之间的关系，本部分分别在相关术语后面的括号中进行了说明。本部分代替GB/T14733.6-1993《电信术语空间无线电通信》。本部分与GB/T14733.6-1993相比主要变化如下:—术语涉及范围更加全面，包括卫星、航天器、轨道，空间无线电通信系统，天线和波束，传输四个部分;而GB/T14733.6-1993只含有卫星和轨道，空间无线电通信系统两部分;—本部分共定义术语184条，GB/T14733.6-1993定义术语仅有54条。本部分由全国电工术语标准化技术委员会提出。本部分由全国电工术语标准化技术委员会归口本部分起草单位:信息产业部电信传输研究所、信息产业部邮电工业标准化研究所。本部分主要起草人:郭良、蒋利群 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994电信术语空间无线电通信范围GB/T14733的本部分规定了有关空间无线电通信的术语和定义。本部分适用于我国涉及空间无线电通信的所有科技领域。2规范性引用文件下列文件中的条款通过GB/T14733的本部分的引用而成为本部分的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本部分，然而，鼓励根据本部分达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本部分。GB/T2900.54-2002电工术语无线电通信:发射机、接收机、网络和运行3术语和定义3.1卫星、航天器、轨道725-11-01航夭器spacecraft飞出地球大气层主要部分以外的人造飞行器。725-11-02深空deepspace习惯上指距地球表面等于或大于2X10"km的宇宙空间。725-11-03空间探测器spaceprobe用于在宇宙空间进行观察或测量的航天器。725-11-04深空探测器deepspaceprobe进人深空探测的空间探测器。725-11-05卫星satellite围绕一个质量大得多的天体旋转且具有主要和永久地由该天体吸引力决定运动的物体。注1:围绕太阳旋转的天体叫做行星或小行星。注2:卫星可以是一个自然天体，也可以是航天器。725-11-06主天体(相对于卫星的)primarybody(inrelationtoasatellite)主要决定卫星运动轨迹的引力天体。725-11-07轨道orbit1)仅受到主要是万有引力的自然界力作用的，宇宙中的一个卫星或其他天体的质量中心相对于特定参考系的运动轨迹。1 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:19942)进一步引申，宇宙中受到自然界力和为实现和保持希望轨道受到推进器的临时性校正力的天体质量中心的运动轨迹725-11-08无摄动轨道unperturbedorbit只受到主天体的引力，且引力集中作用卫星的质量中心的理想条件的卫星轨道。注:在中心位于主天体的中心、各轴相对于星群具有固定方向的参考系中，无摄动轨道是椭圆形的725-11-09仁主]参考面(对于宇宙空间的天体)(principal)referenceplane(forabodyinspace)[基本〕参考面(对于宇宙空间的天体)(basic)referenceplane(forabodyinspace)用于定义宇宙空间天体轨道要素的平面。注:通常，主参考面是在主天体的黄道或赤道面内。对于一个人造地球卫星，主参考面是地球的赤道面。725-11一10轨道要素orbitalelements相对于一个特定的参考系，可以确定宇宙空间中的天体的轨道位置、形状和大小的参数。注1:为了随时确定宇宙中天体的位置。除了必须要知道天体的轨道要素之外，还要知道给定时刻天体轨道内的质量中心的位置。注2:所采用的参考系通常是一个OXYZ的直角坐标系，在这个坐标系中，原点位于主天体的质量中心，OZ轴垂直于主参考面。注3:对于人造地球卫星，主参考面是地球的赤道面，而第三轴OZ具有一个南到北的取向725-11一11轨道面(卫星的)orbitalplane(ofasatellite)对应于确定轨道要素所特定的参考系，含有卫星速度矢量和主天体质量中心的面。注:在无扰动轨道情况下，在参考系中的轨道面是固定的。该参考系的中心是主天体的质量中心，参考系的各轴，相对于星群也有固定的方向。725-11一12正向轨道(卫星的)directorbit(ofasatellite)卫星质量中心在主参考面上的投影，围绕主天体轴沿着主天体转动方向同向旋转时的卫星轨道725-11一13反向轨道(卫星的)retrogradeorbit(ofasatellite)卫星质量中心在主参考面上的投影，围绕主天体轴沿着主天体转动方向反向旋转时的卫星轨道725-11一14团轨道(卫星的)circularorbit(ofasatellite)卫星质量中心和主天体的质量中心之间的距离为常数的卫星轨道。725-11一15椭团轨道(卫星的)ellipticalorbit(ofasatellite)卫星质量中心和主天体质量中心之间的距离不为常数的无扰动卫星轨道。注:在中心是主天体的质量中心、相对于星群其轴具有固定的方向的参考系里，轨道是椭圆的725-11一16赤道轨道(卫星的)equatorialorbit(ofasatellite)卫星轨道面与主天体的赤道面重合时的卫星轨道。725-11一17极轨道(卫星的)polarorbit(ofasatellite)卫星轨道面含有主天体极轴的卫星轨道。2 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-11一18倾斜轨道(卫星的)inclinedorbit(ofasatellite)既不是赤道轨道，也不是极轨道的卫星轨道。725-11一19停泊轨道parkingorbit航天器在转移到工作轨道之前暂时停泊的轨道，通常停泊轨道靠近主天体。725-11-20转移轨道transferorbit航天器从最初轨道或发射弹道转换到其他轨道上，暂时停泊的轨道。注:转移轨道通常是在两个圆轨道之间的椭圆型轨道。725-11-21倾斜角(卫星轨道的)inclination(ofasatelliteorbit)卫星运行轨道面与主参考面之间的夹角。注:按照惯例，正向运行轨道的倾(角)为锐角，反向运行轨道的倾(角)为钝角。725-11-22升交点(卫星的)ascendingnode(ofasatellite)卫星轨道与主参考面相交点，当轨道穿过这一点，卫星第三坐标值逐渐增大。725-11-23降交点(卫星的)descendingnode(ofasatellite)卫星轨道与主参考面的交点，当轨道穿过这一点，卫星的第三坐标值逐渐减小。725-11-24交线(卫星的)lineofnodes(ofasatellite)卫星轨道面与主参考面的交线。725-11-25升交点经度(地球卫星的)longitudeoftheascendingnode(ofanearthsatellite)地球中心到春分点的连线与地球中心到地球卫星的升交点的连线之间的夹角(向东测量)。注:春分点是地球赤道面内的太阳的升交点。在英语中，称作白羊座的第一点725-11-26岁差(卫星轨道的)precession(oftheorbitofasatellite)在主天体和星群定义的参考系内测出的卫星轨道的特征点，例如升交点经度的变化注1:卫星轨道的岁差是由于卫星轨道运动的摄动(如由主天体质量的非均匀性)造成的。注2:不应把卫星轨道的岁差与转动天体的进动混为一谈.725-11-27远质心点apoapsis卫星或行星轨道上距主天体质量中心最远的点。725-11-28近质心点periapsis卫星或行星轨道上距主天体质量中心最近的点。725-11-29拱点线lineoftheapsides卫星轨道远质心点和近质心点的连接线。725-11-30近(质心)点幅角argumentofperiapsis升交点与卫星轨道的近质心点方向之间在主天体质量中心的张角。 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-11-31远地点apogee地球卫星轨道上距离地球中心最远的点注:远地点是地球卫星的远质心点725-11-32近地点perigee地球卫星轨道上距离地球中心最近的点。注:近地点是地球卫星的近质心点725-11-33远地点高度altitudeoftheapogee用于表示地球表面的特定参考表面上方的远地点的高度。725-11-34近地点高度altitudeoftheperigee用于表示地球表面的特定参考表面上方的近地点的高度。725-11-35公转周期(卫星的)periodofrevolution(ofasatellite)轨道周期(卫星的)orbitalperiod(ofasatellite)在卫星连续两次通过它轨道上某特征点之间经过的时间。注:在没有进一步说明的情况下，可以认为公转周期是近点周期。可参看术语交点周期和公转的恒星周期。725-11-36近点周期anomalisticperiod在卫星连续两次通过它的近质心点之间经过的时间。725-11-37交点周期nodalperiod在卫星连续两次通过它轨道升交点之间经过的时间。725-11-38公转的恒星周期(卫星的)siderealperiodofrevolution(ofasatellite)一颗卫星在某个通过主天体质量中心的参考面上的投影，与在该平面内的一条从主天体质量中心延伸到无穷远的直线连续两次相交所经历的时间。该参考面的法线和该直线的方向相对于星群都是固定不变的。725-11-39推进器(航天器的)thruster(ofaspacecraft)通过物质的喷射产生小推进力的器件，用于调整航天器的姿态、转动状态或轨道(包括轨道位置)。725-11-40滚动轴(航天器的)rollaxis(ofaspacecraft)按航天器习惯定义的一组称为滚动、俯仰和偏航的三个正交坐标轴中的第一个轴。这一组轴用作为定位航天器要素、说明航天器的转动、确定航天器相对于外坐标系姿态的参考。注:对于地球静止卫星，滚动轴通常近似定为与轨道相切725-11-41滚动(航天器的)roll(ofaspacecraft)航天器围绕滚动轴的转动。725-11-42滚动[角习(航天器的)roll(angle)(ofaspacecraft)航天器绕滚动轴的角位移，是航天器相对于外部坐标系与某一最初取向有关的量度。 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-11-43滚动速度(航天器的)rollrate(ofaspacecraft)相对于外部坐标系围绕滚动轴转动的角速度。725-11-44俯仰轴(航天器的)pitchaxis(ofaspacecraft)按航天器习惯定义的一组称为滚动、俯仰和偏航的三个正交坐标轴的第二个轴。这一组轴用作为定位航天器要素、说明航天器的转动、确定航天器相对于外界坐标系姿态的参考。注:对干地球静止卫星，俯仰轴通常近似定为与地球的极轴平行.725-11-45俯仰(航天器的)pitch(ofaspacecraft)航天器围绕俯仰轴的转动。725-11-46俯仰(角度)(航天器的)pitch(angle)(ofaspacecraft)航天器绕俯仰轴的角位移，是航天器相对于外部坐标系与某一最初取向有关的量度。725-11-47俯仰速度(航天器的)pitchrate(ofaspacecraft)相对于外部坐标系围绕俯仰轴转动的角速度。725-11-48偏航轴(航天器的)yawaxis(ofaspacecraft)按航天器习惯定义的一组称为滚动、俯仰和偏航的三个正交坐标轴的第三个轴。这一组轴用作为定位航天器位置要素、说明航天器的转动、确定航天器相对于外界坐标系姿态的参考。注:对于地球静止卫星，偏航轴通常近似于指向地球中心的方向725-11-49偏航(航天器的)yaw(ofaspacecraft)航天器围绕偏航轴的转动。725-11-50偏航[角度」(航天器的)yaw(angle)(ofaspacecraft)航天器绕偏航轴的角位移，是航天器相对于外部坐标系与某一最初取向有关的量度、725-11-51偏航速度(航天器的)yawrate(ofaspacecraft)相对于外部坐标系围绕偏航轴转动的角速度。725-11-52姿态传感器(航天器的)attitudesensor(ofaspacecraft)航天器上的器件。提供有关航天器相对于外部的参考(如太阳、其他星体或地球)姿态的信息。725-11-53进动(转动天体的)precession(ofarotatingbody)由于外力的作用，相对于星群的围绕固定方向转动天体的转动轴的锥形运动。注:不应把转动天体的进动误认为是卫星轨道的岁差。725-11-54章动notation重叠在转动天体进动上的小的周期性运动，使转动天体在进动锥上震荡。注:章动周期通常比进动周期短。 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-11-55章动阻尼器notationdamper一个转动的航天器的舱体上的器件，它能减少由于扰动转矩产生的运动的幅度。注:不管术语中使用的词，章动阻尼器可以减少岁差和章动.725-11-56姿态稳定卫星altitudestabilizedsatellite至少有一个轴保持在一个特定的方向上，即朝向地球的中心、太阳或者空间中某一个特定点的卫星。725-11-57自旋稳定卫星spin-stabilizedsatellite是一种姿态稳定卫星。由于卫星体或者卫星的主要部分围绕着它的一个轴转动而保持着它的这个轴在特定方向上。725-11-58三轴稳定卫星three-axis-stabilizedsatellite是一种姿态稳定卫星。通过一组器件合测量、控制、稳定所有三个正交轴的姿态，使三个轴保持在三个特定的方向上。725-11-59自转的恒星周期，iderealperiodofrotation在相对于一个星群固定的主参考系内，宇宙中某一天体围绕着自己的质量中心自转的周期。725-11-60位1t保持卫星station-keepingsatellite卫星的质量中心的位置受如下某一特定规律控制:使其相对于同属一个宇宙系统的其他卫星的位置，或者相对于地球上固定或按特定方式移动的点。725-11-61同步卫星(1)synchronizedsatellite一颗因受控而具有与另一颗卫星或行星相同的近点周期或交点周期，或具有与某个给定现象相同的周期，并在特定的瞬间通过其轨道上的某一特征点的卫星。725-11-62同步卫星(2)synchronoussatellite卫星平均公转的恒星周期等于或者近似等于主天体自转的恒星周期的卫星。725-11-63亚同步卫星sub-synchronoussatellite围绕主天体平均公转的恒星周期是主天体自转的恒星周期约数的卫星。725-11-64超同步卫星super-synchronoussatellite围绕主天体平均公转的恒星周期是主天体的自转的恒星周期倍数的卫星。725-11-65地球同步卫星geosynchronoussatellite地球的同步卫星注地球自转的恒星周期大约是23小时56分。725-11-66静止卫星stationarysatellite对主天体的坐标系统保持固定或者精确地说近似固定的，相对于在主天体表面上的观察者是固定的卫星。注:一个静止卫星是一个在赤道面内具有圆型正向运动轨道的同步卫星。 GB/T14733.6-2005/IJEC60050-725:1994725-11-67地球静止卫星geostationarysatellite把地球视为主天体的静止卫星。注:地球静止卫星的软道平面的倾斜，从地球看过去它造成的卫星视在运动是南北运动。卫星公转周期的不精确性和轨道的椭圈度，从地球看过去，它造成的卫星视在运动是东西运动725-11-68地球静止卫星轨道geostationarysatelliteorbit地球静止轨道geostationaryorbitGSO(缩写词)GSO(abbreviation)所有地球静止卫星的唯一轨道，其高度近似等于35800km,725-11-69太阳同步卫星sun-synchronoussatellite轨道内升交点的经度沿正方向每年旋转360‘的卫星。725-11-70太阳会合solarconjunction从地球站看过去.太阳和人造地球卫星成一条直线。725-11-71月亮会合lunarconjunction从地球站看过去，月亮和人造地球卫星成一条直线。725-11-72地心角geocentricangle连接两个给定点和地球中心的虚直线之间形成的角。725-11-73侧心角topocentricangle连接宇宙中两个给定点和地球表面的特定点的虚直线之间形成的角。725-11-74外心角exocentricangle连接宇宙中的一个特定点和两个给定点的虚直线之间形成的角。3.2空间无线电通倍系统注;对每一个具有不同特定功能的台站定义了术语，这些术语涉及用于陆地无线电通信系统中使用的设备。为了与移动台进行无线电通信，移动台以及用于非移动的台站的术语如表1所示。表1中给出的每个术语的相关定义在本条或在GB/T2900.54-2002中给出表1与移动有关的无线电通信用于空间无线电通信的无线电台的术语用于陆上无线电通信的无线电台的术语移动的类型移动非移动移动非移动所有类型移动地球站陆地地球站移动站陆地站船船载地球站海岸地球站船站海岸站航空器航空器地球站航空地球站航空器站航空站陆地上陆地移动地球站基地地球站陆地移动站基站725-12-01[无线电」台(radio)station为开展无线电通信业务或为射电天文学目的，在一给定地点设置的一个或多个无线电发射机或接 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994收机，或发射机和接收机的组合，并包括相关设备。注1:每个无线电台都应指明其永久或暂时的运行业务注2:给定地点可以是固定的或移动的，可以在陆地、海上、空中或宇宙空间[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-01]725-12-02空间站(无线电通信领域)spacestation(inradiocommunication)位于地球大气层的主要部分以外的物体上的无线电台。注:在日常和航天学中，空间站是一个在轨道上或天体上能执行长期性任务的大型设施。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-06]725-12-03地球站earthstation位于地球表面或地球大气层的主要部分内的无线电台，并用于与一个或多个空间站的通信;或用于通过一个或多个反射卫星或其他空间物体与一个或多个同类站的通信。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-051725-12-04地面站terrestrialstation实现地面无线电通信的无线电台。725-12-05陆地地球站landearthstation向服务于移动地球站的卫星提供馈送链路的地球站。725-12-06移动地球站mobileearthstation安装在船、航空器、陆地车辆上的或手持的在运动中使用的地球站，或在一个不确定地点使用的可搬运地球站。725-12-07陆地站landstation在非运动中使用的移动业务中的无线电台。725-12-08移动[地面]站mobile(terrestrial)station在运动中使用或在不确定的地点暂停时使用的移动业务中的无线电台。725-12-09海岸地球站coastearthstation为船载地球站服务的陆地地球站。725-12-10船载地球站shipearthstation在船上的移动地球站。725-12-11航空地球站aeronauticalearthstation为航空器地球站服务的陆地地球站。725-12-12航空器地球站aircraftearthstation位于航空器上的移动地球站。8 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-12-13基地地球站baseearthstation为陆地移动地球站服务的陆地地球站。725-12-14陆地移动地球站landmobileearthstation位于陆地车辆上的、手持的、可搬运的和在不确定地方使用的移动地球站。725-12-15空间无线电通信spaceradiocommunication任何涉及使用一个或多个空间站，或使用一个或多个反射卫星或使用位于地球大气层的主要部分外的其他空间物体的无线电通信。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-01-05]725-12-16地面无线电通信terrestrialradiocommunication除了空间无线电通信或射电天文以外的任何无线电通信。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-01-06〕725-12-17卫星固定业务fixed-satelliteservice经过一个或多个卫星链接给定位置的地球站的无线电通信应用。注:给定位置也许是特定的固定点或特定区域范围内的任何固定点.725-12-18有源卫星activesatellite至少装载一个发射空间站的卫星。725-12-19反射卫星reflectingsatellite用于反射电磁波的卫星。725-12-20空间系统spacesystem提供用于特定用途的空间无线电通信的地球站、空间站和特殊情况下的反射卫星的组合。725-12-21卫里系统satellitesystem使用一颗或多颗人造卫星的空间系统。注:如果主天体不是地球，应指出.725-12-22卫星网络satellitenetwork一颗卫星和相关的所有地球站的组合。725-12-23上行链路uplink发射地球站与接收空间站之间的无线电链路。725-12-24下行链路downlink发射空间站和接收地球站之间的无线电链路。725-12-25卫星1a链路inter-satellitelink中间没有经过地球站的发射空间站和接收空间站之间的无线电链路。 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994[修改GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-23]725-12-26卫星连接connectionbysatellite在发射台站和接收台站之间通过一个或多个卫星的无线电链路，在某些情况下，也可通过一个或多个地球站。注:卫星连接的终端站可以是两个地球站、两个空间站或一个地球站和一个空间站。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-21]725-12-27卫星链路satellitelink在发射台和接收台之间经过一个卫星的卫星连接。注:当卫星链路建立在两个地球站之间时，包括一个上行链路和一个下行链路。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-221725-12-28多卫星链路multi-satellitelink在一个发射台与接收台之间通过两个或多个卫星而无中间地球站转接的卫星连接。注:在地球站之间的多卫星链路包括一个上行链路，一个或多个卫星间链路和一个下行链路。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-24]725-12-29多跳卫星链路multi-hopsatellitelink连接地球站的两个或多个卫星链路所组成的卫星连接。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-25]725-12-30前向链路(1)(指向空间站)forwardlink(toaspacestation)从发射地球站到空间站(例如遥感卫星)的卫星连接;从发射地球站经过一个空间站(例如数据中继卫星)到另一个空间站的卫星连接。725-12-31返回链路(1)(来自空间站)returnlink(fromaspacestation)从发射空间站到接收地球站(例如遥感卫星)的卫星连接;从发射空间站经过一个空间站(例如数据中继卫星)到接收地球站的卫星连接。‘725-12-32前向链路(2)(卫星移动通信中)forwardlink(inmobilesatellitecommunication)从一个陆地发射地球站经卫星到一个移动接收地球站的卫星连接。725-12-33返回链路(2)(卫星移动通信中)returnlink(inmobilesatellitecommunication)从一个移动发射地球站经卫星到一个陆地接收地球站的卫星连接。725-12-34馈送链路feederlink从给定位置的地球站到空间站的无线电链路，或其反向链路，用于除卫星固定业务以外的空间无线电通信业务的信息传递。注1:卫星固定业务是指在给定位置的地球站之间的无线电通信业务。“馈送链路”是一个规范术语，用于那些虽然并不构成一部分卫星固定业务，但仍可在划分给卫星固定业务的频带内分配一些频率的无线电链路。注2:给定位置可以是特定的固定点，也可以是特定区域的任意固定点注3:馈送链路的示例广播卫星的上行链路;到空间站的前向链路部分或从空间站的返回链路部分，此空间站处于地球站和数据中继卫星之间;在海事移动卫星业务中在海岸地球站和卫星之间的一个上行链路和一个下行链路。10 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994[修改GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-261725-12-35可见弧(卫星网络的)visiblearc(ofasatellitenetwork)在地球静止卫星轨道上的弧段，在卫星网内与该弧段上的一个空间站相关连的所有地球站都可以在本地无线电视界以上看到这个空间站。725-12-36业务弧(空间站的)servicearc(ofaspacestation)在地球静止卫星轨道上的弧段，特定空间站位于弧内的任何部分可以向卫星网内所有与之相关连的地球站提供所要求的服务质量725-12-37标称轨道位里nominalorbitalposition地球静止卫星轨道某一位置的经度。它是和给定静止卫星上的空间站的频率配置有关。725-12-38同位2卫星co-locatedsatellite占用相同标称轨道位置的地球静止卫星。注:各同位置卫星使用重叠频率配置，但是，它的发射可借助天线辐射特性加以区别，例如波束指向和极化725-12-39协调距离co-ordinationdistance在给定方向上离开无线电台的某一距离。超过这个距离，在做规划时对共用同一频率的其他无线电台的干扰或来自同一频率的相同无线电台的干扰可以忽略不计。注:实际上，协调距离是针对地球站、陆地站，而不是针对空间站725-12-40协调区轮廓线co-ordinationcontour无线电台在所有方向上协调距离端点的轨迹。725-12-41协调区co-ordinatearea在协调区轮廓线范围内包含的区域。725-12-42卫星广播satellitebroadcasting卫星直播directbroadcastingbysatelliteDBS(缩写词)DBS(abbreviation)从空间站发射的、供普通公众直接接收的无线电通信服务。注1:普通公众的接收，包括个体接收和集体接收。注2:相关术语:卫星电视。725-12-43个体接收(卫星广播)individualreceiver(insatellitebroadcasting)借助家用装置直接接收卫星广播发射，通常使用小型天线。725-12-44集体接收communityreception利用在同一地点的设施或在一有限区域内使用的电缆分配系统，供一群普通公众对陆地或卫星广播的发射进行接收。注:不要把卫星广播的集体接收与卫星直接分配混为一谈.11 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-12-45卫里直接分配directdistributionbysatellite利用卫星固定业务的卫星链路中继，通过位于同一位置的地球站，把源于一个或多个点的节目信号送到陆地广播发射站或电缆分配系统的前端。725-12-46卫里间接分配indirectdistributionbysatellite利用卫星固定业务的卫星链路，把源于一个或多个点的节目信号中继到各地球站，以便进一步分配给陆地广播站或电缆分配系统的前端。725-12-47卫星新闻采集satellitenewsgatheringSNG(缩写词)SNG(abbreviation)新闻报导点和交换中心或演播中心之间是经过可搬运地球站的卫星链路的新闻报道。725-12-48无线电测定radiodetermination利用无线电波，完全或部分地测定目标物的位置、速度和/或其他特性。[GB/T2900.54-2002,713-04-01]725-12-49卫星无线电测定satelliteradiodetermination使用卫星系统进行无线电测定。725-12-50无线电导航radionavigation用于导航的无线电测定，包括障碍物预警。[修改GB/T2900.54-2002,713-04-021725-12-51卫里无线电导航satelliteradionavgation用于无线电导航的卫星无线电测定。725-12-52[空间]跟踪(space)tracking通常利用无线电测定来确定空间物体的轨道、位置或速度以跟随该物体运动所执行的行动。725-12-53数据中继卫星data-relaysatellite主要的目的是把来自一个或者多个卫星或空间探测器的数据传送给一个或多个地球站的卫星。注1;数据中继卫星还可以提供其他方向的通信。此外，还可以用于航天器操作控制的中继注2:通常，数据中继卫星是价止卫星725-12-54数据收集卫星data-collectionsatellite主要的目的收集来自地球上或地球大气层中电台的数据，然后把这些数据传送给一个或多个地球站的卫星。注:数据收集卫星还可以提供其他方向的通信。725-12-55遥感卫星remotesensingsatellite通过使用有源或无源传感器接收电磁波进行远距离观测的卫星。12 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-12-56有源传感器activesensor通过发射电磁波和接收它们被反射的或朝向仪器再辐射回来的波而获得信息的器件725-12-57无源传感器passivesensor通过接收自然界电磁波获得信息的器件。3.3天线和波束注:本条包括许多天线和天线波束特别是与空间无线电通信有关的术语，通常可以参考IEV中712章中有关天线的术语725-13-01硕盖区(空间站的)coveragearea(ofaspacestation)与空间站相关联的地球表面某一区域。在此区域内，在特定的技术条件下，通过一个或多个地球站之间的发射、接收或同时收发，可建立特定性质的无线电通信。注1:几个覆盖区可能与同一空间站相关，如一个有若干天线波束的卫星。注2:无千扰的情况下，覆盖区由预先确定的功率通量密度的等值线确定注3:此处定义的“覆盖区”的概念仅简单适用在静止地球卫星上的空间站。〔修改GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-19〕725-13-02服务区(空间站的)servicearea(ofaspacestation)与给定的无线电通信业务的发射台相关联的区域，根据法规约定在该区域中接收或运行的无线电通信链路可受到保护而不受干扰。注:有时用“服务区”代替术语“搜盖区”或“捕获区”，以表示在此区域中无线电通信业务达到给定的业务质量。这种用法不予采纳。[修改GB/T2900.54-2002,713-02-181725-13-03溢出区spill-overarea空间站服务区以外的那部分覆盖区。725-13-04波束脚印(卫星天线的)footprintofabeam(ofasatelliteantenna)波束范围(卫星天线的)beamarea(ofasatelliteantenna)地球表面的范围。在这个范围内，天线增益至少等于规定值，通常相对于最大增益的一3dB,725-13-05波束轴(天线的)beamaxis(ofaantenna)天线波束范围内的方向，在此方向上规定的场强分量幅度最大，或可以认为围绕此方向波束是对称的。注:对于多波束天线每一个波束的轴可以按同样方法确定725-13-06电轴(天线的)electricalboresight由辐射特性决定的天线轴，例如:锥形扫描的或单脉冲天线系统的零点方向，或强方向性天线的波束轴。725-13-07视轴(在卫星广播中)boresight(insatellitebroadcasting)广播卫星发射天线的波束轴和地球表面的交点，由其地理坐标表示。73 GB/T14733.6-2005八EC60050-725:1994725-13-08多波束天线multi-beamantenna多图形天线multi-patternantenna同时具有几个不同的辐射图，每一个图对应一个不同的端口，有多个独立端口的天线。725-13-09全球波束globalcoveragebeam卫星脚印包括从卫星上可看到的地球全部表面的卫星天线波束。725-13-10点波束(卫星天线的)spotbeam(ofasatelliteantenna)卫星脚印比从卫星上可看到的地球全部表面小得多的卫星天线波束。725-13-11赋形波束天线shaped-beamantenna设计成具有规定辐射图的天线，它的幅度图与具有均匀幅度相位孔径照射的天线所得到的辐射图有很大的不同725-13-12再配置波束天线reconfigurablebeamantenna按设计很容易通过遥控指令改变它的一些特性，例如辐射图的赋形波束天线。725-13-13轮廓波束夭线contouredbeamantenna以下述方法设计的赋形波束天线。当天线波束相交于给定的表面，在表面上的等功率通量密度线形成特定轮廓。注:在空间无线电通信中，轮廓波束天线通常被称为“赋形波束天线，’o725-13-14可调卫星波束steerablesatellitebeam方向可以改变的卫星天线波束。725-13-15有效照射区域(可调卫星波束)effectivehoresightarea(ofasteerablesatellitebeam)可调卫星波束的波束轴打算指向的地球表面上的面积。注:一个可调卫星波束打算指向的范围也许有一个以上的不连续的有效照射面积.725-13-16有效天线增益等值线(可调卫星波束)antennagaincontour(ofasteerablesatellitebeam)当波束轴指向有效照射面积的任何地方，地球表面上包围可调卫星波束脚印的所有点的等值线。725-13-17跳波束hoppingbeam它的方向可以迅速指向离散目的地的可调卫星波束。725-13-18扫描波束(在卫星通信中)scanningbeam(insatellitecommunication)它的方向可以迅速沿希望路径进行扫描的可调卫星波束口725-13-19品质因数(天线接收系统的)figureofmerit(ofanantenna-receivingsystem)G/T比值，通常以对数单位表示。在特定安装、操作条件和特定频率上，相对于天线末端的天线的绝对14 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994增益G与天线一接收机噪声温度T的比值3.4传输725-14-01[无线电〕发送一应答机(radio)transponder与无线电接收机组合在一起的，依据一个专用触发信号，自动发射信号的无线电发射机。注:发射信号是可以部分预测的，并且通常与访问信号不同。725-14-02[无线电〕中继器(radio)repeater转发器(卫星通信中)transponder(insatellitecommunication)无线电台的一部分;是一种将接收信号经放大和任何特定处理后重新发射的设备，通常是进行频率变换的处理。注在英语中，当无线电台是空间站时，只使用术语“转发器(transponder)",[GB/T2900.54,713-08-05〕725-14-03[透明〕中继器(transport)repeater仁透明〕转发器(transport)transponder除放大所接收信号并在必要时进行预率变换外，重发前不做其他特别处理的无线电中继器。[GB/T2900.54,713-08-09]725-14-04再生[无线电〕中继器regeneration(radio)repeater再生转发器regenerationtransponder用于再生接收信号且重发该信号前通常要进行频率变换的数字信号无线电中继器。[GB/T2900.54,713-08-10]725-14-05回退(非线性放大器)backoff(ofanon-linearamplifier)非线性放大器工作在比最大输出功率的输人信号电平低的输人信号电平状态(相对于饱和)，以减小伴生于输出信号的谐波和互调产物的分量。725-14-06翰入回退inputbackoff规定工作条件下的回退程度，是按给出饱和时最大输出功率的单载波的最小输人功率与规定工作条件下总输人功率之比计算的。注:输人回退通常是以正分贝值表示。725-14-07输出回退outputbackoff规定工作条件下的回退程度，是按在饱和点处时单载波输出功率与规定工作条件下输出信号的总功率之比计算的。注:输出回退通常是以正分贝值表示。725-14-08每载波单信道singlechannelpercarrierSCPC(缩写词)SCPC(abbreviation)每一个载波是受一个来自单传输信道信号调制的一种频分多址连接方法。注:传输信道通常是一个电话信道或有可比信息容量的数字信道。15 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-14-09复用multiplexing为了把来自几个独立源的信号组合成一个复合信号，以便经过一个公用的传输信道传输的可逆过程，这个过程等效于把公用信道分成几个不同的信道，以便在同一方向传送各个独立的信号。725-14-10多址连接multipleaccess许多终端能够以预定方式或按照业务需求共用某链路传输容量的任一技术。注:这些技术包括频分多址连接，时分多址连接，码分多址连接725-14-11频分多址frequencydivisionmultipleaccessFDMA(缩写词)FDMA(abbreviation)一种多址连接技术。连接链路的各种终端都分配到独立的传输频道。725-14-12时分多址timedivisionmultipleaccessTDMA(缩写词)TDMA(abbreviation)一种多址连接技术。连接链路的各种终端都分配到独立的重复出现的用于传输信息的时间间隔。725-14-13卫里切换时分多址satelliteswitch-timedivisionmultipleaccessSS-TDMA缩写词)SS-TDMA(abbreviation)一种时分多址连接方式。它使用多波束星上高速开关，选择从各个上行链路接收的突发，以便以适当的方式重新选择路由和重新发射给各个下行链路。725-14-14码分多址codedivisionmultipleaccessCDMA(缩写词)CDMA(abbreviation)一种多址连接技术。连接链路的各个终端分配用于传输正交信号。例如:没有或交叉相关很小的比特序列，即使在它们共用同一频段和同一时间间隔时也可以区分。725-14-15突发(在TDMA中)burst(inTDMA)在由TDMA规程分配给终端的时间间隔内，以一种预定结构的块格式，终端发射的信号。725-14-16时除TimeslotTS(缩写词)TS(abbreviation)可以被识别和特别定义的任何周期性的时间间隔。725-14-17帧(1)(在数字传输中)frame(indigitaltransmission)连续的重复的一组时隙，构成信号、过程完整的周期在该周期中每个时隙的相对位置是能够识别的。725-14-18翰(2)(在TDMA中)frame(inTDMA)在TDMA中，为了终端传输信息突发，构成一个的完整循环的重复的时间周期。执行一次控制功能但不必是全部控制功能725-14-19复帧multiframe一组重复连续的帧。其中每一帧的相对位置是可以识别的出来的。t6 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994725-14-20超帧superframe所有系统控制功能至少执行一次的TDMA中一个整数帧的时间周期。725-14-21定时恢复(timingrecovery)基于数字时隙的周期性，从接收数字信号中提取一循环定时信号。725-14-22控制突发(在TDMA中)controlburst(inTDMA)在TDMA中，用于发送控制和规定系统运行的信息的突发。725-14-23核参考突发(在TDMA中)framereferenceburst(inTDMA)由TDMA系统参考站发射的控制突发。尽管它可以含有其他控制信号和通信管理信息但它主要地是用于帧定时参考。725-14-24前itW(在TDMA中)preamble(inTDMA)在TDMA中突发开始的一部分，在这部分里，发送信号能使接收设备获取载波频率、载波相位锁定和比特同步、比特和突发同步、识别发射地球站和突发的用途。725-14-25解调同步序列(在TDMA中)demodulationsynchronizationsequence(inTDMA)在TDMA前置语中发送的数字信号固定图形，能使接收设备获取载波频率、载波相位锁定和比特同步。725-14-26独特字(在TDMA中)uniqueword(inTDMA)突发编码宇(在TDMA中)burstcodeword(inTDMA)在TDMA中，为了独特的相关能力选择和发送的以便接收设备可以获取突发同步的数字信号序列。725-14-27信息突发(在TDMA中)trafficburst(inTDMA)在TDMA中，主要用于发送通信信息的突发。725-14-28保护时A(在TDMA中)guardtime为了在出现小的定时误差时，一个和另一个突发之间不产生干扰，在TDMA帧内不发送有用信息的那段期间。，725-14-29能f扩散技术energydispersaltechnical借助作为频率函数的功率再分布，减少无线电发射的功率谱密度峰值的任何方法。注:通常是在调制信号中加人周期性波形实现能量扩散.725-14-30扩谱调制spreadspectrummodulation调制的一种形式。发送信号的平均功率谱密度在比发送信息严格需要的带宽宽得多的频带上以随机或准随机方式扩展。注I:扩谱调制允许多路接人一个通信通道，并提高了抗射频窄带噪声和干扰的能力。注2本标准将IEC原文注1中的“抗射频噪声”改为“抗射频窄带噪声”.17 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725.1994725-14-31直接序列扩谱调制directsequencespreadspectrummodulation扩谱调制的一种形式。每一个数字信息信号单元用伪随机数字序列方式发送，而该伪随机数字序列数字速率远远高于信息信号比特速率。注:调制载波的信号常通过在信息信号中加伪随机数字信号而获得。725-14-32跳频扩谱调制frequencyhoppingspreadspectrummodulation一种载波频率在短时间间隔内自动变化的扩谱调制形式，它以伪随机方式从一组频率中选择载波频率，这组频率所占据的频带带宽远远大于发送信息所需的带宽。注频率变化的速率可以高于也可以低于信息信号的比特速率725-14-33混合扩谱调制hybridspreadspectrummodulation直接序列扩谱调制和跳频扩谱调制技术的组合调制方式。725-14-34码片chip在数字无线电通信中，代表一个符号的信号的时间片，按照特定的规则，该时间片的传输特性与同一信号其他时间片有明显的不同。注:在直接序列扩谱调制中，码片对应于伪随机序列的一个数字。在快速跳频扩谱调制中，码片对应于信号保持在一个载波上的时间。 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994中文索引俯仰(航天器的)-·，，，，，，··----------725-11-45俯仰(角度)(航天器的)·············」⋯725-11-46保护时间(在TDMA中)·······⋯⋯725-14-28俯仰速度(航天器的)···············⋯⋯725-11-47标称轨道位置·······，···，·············一725-12-37俯仰轴(航天器的)·················⋯⋯725-11-44波束范围(卫星天线的)············⋯⋯725-13-04复用············‘·······················⋯⋯725-14-09波束脚印(卫星天线的)···，，···⋯⋯725-13-04复帧·········“‘·，，···················⋯⋯725-14-19波束轴(天线的)。·。。--，，，，，，，·，····一725-13-05赋形波束天线·，，，·，·····，·······“‘‘‘725-13-11覆盖区(空间站的)··，··············」二725-13-01侧心角··················-，·········⋯⋯725-11-73超同步卫星··············-··········⋯⋯725-11-64个体接收(卫星广播)············，··⋯⋯725-12-43超帧···················，···-·，，·········⋯⋯725-14-20公转的恒星周期(卫星的)···········一725-11-38赤道轨道(卫星的)·····-，·，，，······⋯⋯725-11-16公转周期(卫星的)·，···············⋯⋯725-11-35船载地球站·‘···，--，··，·，一725-12-10拱点线4‘1·1··，，，，，，，，······‘·一725-11-29轨道···········，，，，，，················一725-11-06轨道面(卫星的)····················⋯⋯725-11-11地面无线电通信··⋯⋯725-12-16轨道要素·····························⋯⋯725-11-10地面站，·····.....⋯⋯725-12-04轨道周期(卫星的)····················一725-11-35地球静止轨道······一725-11-68滚动(航天器的)，，·····················一725-11-41地球静止卫星··‘⋯⋯725-11-67滚动「角](航天器的)··，·········⋯⋯725-11-42地球静止卫星轨道··⋯725-11-68滚动速度(航天器的)，·············⋯⋯725-11-43地球同步卫星··，···一725-11-65滚动轴(航天器的卜··············⋯⋯725-11-40地球站····.·........⋯⋯725-12-03地心角····.........⋯⋯725-11-72点波束(卫星天线的)‘。725-13-10海岸地球站··“-··，···················⋯⋯725-12-09电轴(天线的》······‘⋯725-13-06航空地球站“·‘，，··················⋯⋯725-12-11定时恢复，.‘一_“‘二725-14-21航空器地球站·，··，，-，·-·，，·1·11‘··⋯725-12-72独特字(在‘I"DMA中)725-14-26航夭器··········-，，····················】·」」」725-11-01多波束天线·······⋯⋯725-13-08回退(非线性放大器)···············，··⋯725-14-05多跳卫星链路····⋯⋯725-12-29混合扩谱调制······················⋯⋯725-14-33多图形天线·······⋯⋯725-13-08多卫星链路··········一725-12-28多址连接········‘····““725-14-10[基本]参考面〔对于字宙空间的天体)11，，，，，，，，，···········⋯⋯725-11-09基地地球站」··，，，，··················一725-12-13反射卫星·····························⋯⋯725-12-19极轨道(卫星的)·····················⋯⋯725-11-17反向轨道(卫星的)····-···········⋯⋯725-11-13集体接收·······-·········，··········⋯⋯725-12-44返回链路(1)(来自空间站)····⋯⋯725-12-31降交点(卫星的)，，···················⋯⋯725-11-23返回链路(2)(卫星移动通信中)⋯⋯725-12-33交点周期·······，，，，·············，······一725-11-37服务区(空间站的)“-甲，，，，，，，，，，，，二725-13-02交线(卫星的)·---，，，，，，，，··---“‘1725-11-2419 GB/T14733.6-2005八EC60050-725:1994解调同步序列(在TDMA中)···⋯⋯725-14-25近(质心)点幅角，······-············⋯⋯725-11-30近地点.......................·····.一725-11-32前向链路(，)(指向空间站)······，一725-12-30近地点高度··························⋯⋯725-11-34前向链路(2)<卫星移动通信中)⋯⋯725-12-32近点周期··················，···········⋯⋯725-11-36前置语(在TDM八中)..................725-14-24近质心点···················，········⋯⋯725-11-28倾斜轨道(卫星的)···············，·，，，·725-11-18进动(转动天体的》················⋯⋯725-11-53倾斜角(卫星轨道的)···············⋯⋯725-11-21静止卫星·················，，··········⋯⋯725-11-66全球波束·········，················‘·⋯⋯725-13-09三轴稳定卫星··，·，··，·、··············⋯⋯725-11-58可调卫星波束···，····················，，二725-13-14扫描波束(在]11.星通信中)········⋯⋯725-13-18可见弧(卫星网络的)···············⋯⋯725-12-35上行链路····························⋯⋯725-12-23空间探测器···，·······‘············⋯⋯725-11-03深空·，····‘················1·‘··⋯725-11-02空间无线电通信···················⋯⋯725-12-15深空探测器····························，·⋯725-11-04空间系统················，·············⋯⋯725-12-20升交点(卫星的)·········，········⋯⋯725-11-22空间站(无线电通信领域)·····，·，⋯725-12-02升交点经度(地球1i-星的...............725-11-25「空间口跟踪················，·，······⋯⋯725-12-52时分多址··························⋯⋯，二725-14-12控制突发(在‘iDMA中)········⋯⋯725-14-22时隙·········，···-···········，·，·········，·725-14-16馈送链路···························⋯⋯725-12-34视轴(在卫星广播中卜···············一725-13-07扩谱调制·····························-⋯⋯725-14-30输出回退....................................725-14-07输入回退·1·，，·1··，·，·····一725-14-06数据收集卫星·······················⋯⋯725-12-54陆地地球站··，················⋯⋯725-12-05数据中继卫星‘，·················，··⋯，，.725-12-53陆地移动地球站·············⋯⋯725-12-14岁差(卫星轨道的)··················，·⋯725-11-26陆地站·····················⋯⋯“’“725-12-07轮廓波束天线，·····‘·····⋯⋯725-13-13太阳会合·····························⋯⋯725-11-70太阳同步卫星··，········，·········，·⋯725-11-69跳波束···，·····二，............-.....·⋯725-13-17码分多址·····一⋯⋯725-14-14跳频扩谱调制·······················⋯⋯725-14-32码片·········⋯⋯，··⋯725-14-34停泊轨道·····、-·····················⋯⋯725-11-19每载波单信道一，·⋯725-14-08同步卫星(1)·············，········⋯⋯725-11-61同步卫星(2)·-······················⋯⋯725-11-62同位置卫星····-············，···········，⋯725-12-38能且扩散技术，·⋯725-14-29r透明〕中继器······················⋯⋯725-14-03[透明〕转发器························⋯⋯725-14-03突发(在TDMA中)‘11·····1，一725-14-15偏航(航天器的)·········，，········⋯⋯725-11-49突发编码字(在‘1-DMA中)·⋯⋯，.⋯725-14-26偏航[角度〕(航天器的)··，········、··⋯725-11-50推进器(航天器的)················⋯⋯725-11-39偏航速度(航天器的)··，，·，···1··⋯⋯725-11-51椭圆轨道(卫星的)··················⋯⋯725-11-15偏航轴(航天器的)··················，··⋯725-11-48频分多址······，，·····················，，·⋯725-14-11品质因数(天线接收系统的)······，，·⋯725-13-19外心角725-11-7420 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994卫星···································⋯⋯725-11-05有效天线增益等值线(可调卫星波束)二725-13-16卫星固定业务························⋯⋯725-12-17有效照射区域(可调卫星波束)···⋯⋯725-13-15卫星广播················，·············⋯⋯725-12-42有源传感器··························⋯⋯725-12-56卫星间接分配·······················⋯⋯725-12-46有源卫星······，·······················⋯⋯725-12-18卫星间链路··························⋯⋯725-12-25圆轨道((li_星的)·····················⋯⋯725-11-14卫星连接···························⋯⋯725-12-26远地点·······························⋯⋯725-11-31卫星链路······，·······················⋯⋯725-12-27远地点高度···························⋯⋯725-11-33卫星切换时分多址················⋯⋯725-14-13远质心点······························⋯⋯725-11-27卫星网络····························⋯⋯725-12-22月亮会合·...................................725-11-71卫星无线电测定···················⋯⋯725-12-49卫星无线电导航·····················⋯⋯725-12-51卫星系统······························⋯⋯725-12-21再配置波束天线·················⋯⋯725-13-12卫星新闻采集······················⋯⋯725-12-47再生[无线电口中继器···············⋯⋯725-14-04卫星直播···························⋯⋯725-12-42再生转发器···························⋯⋯725-14-04卫星直接分配·······················⋯⋯725-12-45章动········，·····················，·····⋯⋯725-11-54位置保持卫星·······················⋯⋯725-11-60章动阻尼器···························⋯⋯725-11-55无摄动轨道························⋯⋯725-11-08正向轨道(卫星的)··················⋯⋯725-11-12无线电测定··························⋯⋯725-12-48帧(1)(在数字传输中)·········，··⋯⋯725-14-17无线电导航·，·························⋯⋯725-12-50帧(2)(在TDMA中).....................725-14-18[无线电]发送一应答机···········⋯⋯725-14-01帧参考突发(在TDMA中)······⋯⋯725-14-23[无线电]台··························⋯⋯725-12-01直接序列扩谱调制··················⋯⋯725-14-31「无线电」中继器····················⋯⋯725-14-02主天体(相对于卫星的)·····，·····⋯⋯725-11-06无源传感器，····，··················⋯⋯725-12-57[主口参考面(对于宇宙空间的天体......725-11-09转发器(卫星通信中)···············，··⋯725-14-02转移轨道··························⋯⋯725-11-20下行链路··⋯“““““““”””‘725-12-24姿态传感器(航天器的..................725-11-52协调距离·····⋯⋯““.“““‘’‘”725-12-39姿态稳定卫星·，······················⋯⋯725-11-56协调区·············⋯⋯“““““’725-12-41自旋稳定卫星····，·，·················⋯⋯725-11-57协调区轮廓线···············⋯⋯725-12-40自转的恒星周期·····················⋯⋯725-11-59信息突发(在TDMA中)725-14-27CDMA································⋯⋯725-14-14DBS····································⋯⋯725-12-42FDMA·································⋯⋯725-14-11亚同步卫星···············⋯⋯725-11-63G/T···································⋯⋯725-13-19遥感卫星····.............⋯⋯725-12-55SCPC二，二，.，.....·.⋯⋯，...........⋯⋯725-14-08业务弧(空间站的)725-11-36SS-TDMA··························⋯⋯725-14-13移动[地面〕站··········⋯⋯725-12-08TDMA·································⋯⋯725-14-12移动地球站··············⋯⋯725-12-06TS················，···················⋯⋯725-14-16溢出区725-13-03 GB/T14733.6-2005八EC60050-725:1994英文索引satellite········一725-12-18::::::725-12-56aeronauticalearthstation725-12-11aircraftearthstation725-12-12725-11-33altitudeoftheapogee····，·，·························，······························⋯⋯，...·····.....⋯⋯altitudeoftheperigee725-11-34725-11-56altitudestabilizedsatellite·····。···········...........⋯⋯，................................⋯⋯，⋯⋯anomalisticperiod725-11-36725-11-27apoapsis725-11-31apogeeargumentofperiapsis························································⋯⋯““““’“’“‘”“‘””’‘”725-11-30ascendingnode(ofasatellite)725-11-22attitudesensor(ofaspacecraft)...................·.0.0........................................⋯⋯725-11-52backoff(ofanon-linearamplifier)·················⋯⋯”’‘””““’“’“‘’““‘’“““““’‘”””””‘725-14-05baseearthstation725-12-13(basic)referenceplane(forabodyinspace)·····，···························⋯⋯““““’‘”””’“‘’725-11-09beamarea(ofasatelliteantenna)·········，······················································，··⋯⋯725-13-04beamaxis(ofaantenna)725-13-05boresight(insatellitebroadcasting)...................·····⋯⋯‘””’·““““““‘’““’“’‘”””’““725-13-07burstcodeword(inTDMA)725-14-26burst(inTDMA)725-14-15CDMA(abbreviation卜··································。·。········································，····⋯⋯725-14-14chip725-14-34circularorbit(ofasatellite)725-11一14coastearthstation725-12-09codedivisionmultipleaccess725-14-14co-locatedsatellite725-12-38communityreception725-12-44connectionbysatellite725-12-26contouredbeamantenna725-13-13controlburst(inTDMA)725-14-22co-ordinatearea725-12-41co-ordinationcontour········。···············，···························，·····，·························，·⋯725-12-40co-ordinationdistance725-12-3922 GB/T14733.6-2005八EC60050-725:1994coveragearea(ofaspacestation)725-13-01data-collectionsatellite········..············，················································，···⋯⋯725-12-54data-relaysatellite··························，···········，········、··········‘············，·············⋯⋯725-12-53DBS········.....⋯⋯，.....⋯⋯，.··⋯⋯，，，.···⋯⋯，，..··⋯⋯，...··························⋯⋯725-12-42deepspace·······················································、······································⋯⋯725-11-02deepspaceprobe······，························，····、······，··，··‘···，···········，··········，···········，⋯⋯725-11-04demodulationsynchronizationsequence(in丁DMA)···········································⋯⋯725-14-25descendingnode(ofasatellite)·········‘·····················，-······································⋯⋯725-1卜23directbroadcastingbysatelite-......····“·········-··············‘···········⋯⋯725-12-42directdistributionbysatellite······························-·····································⋯⋯725-12-45directorbit(ofasatellite)·，··········，·························，··········，·········，，·········，，·⋯⋯725-11门2directsequencespreadspectrummodulation·······················，···········，··········，··⋯⋯725-14-31downlink·····················································。。····················，·····················⋯⋯725-12-24earthstation725-12-03effectiveantennagaincontour(ofasteerablesatellitebeam)·········一725-13-16effectiveboresightarea(ofasteerablesatellitebeam)····················一725-13-15electricalboresight·，·····一725-13-06ellipticalorbit(ofasatellite)725-11一15energydispersaltechnical·⋯725-14-29equatorialorbit(ofasatellite)725-11-16exocentrican妇e··········⋯⋯725-11-74FDMA(abbreviation)725-14-11feederlink725-12-34figureofmerit(ofanantenna-receivingsystem)725-13-19fixed-satelliteservice725-12-17footprintofabeam(ofasate川toantenna)··········，·················⋯⋯”’“““‘””’‘’“725-13-04forwardlink(inmobilesatelitecommunication)725-12-32forwardlink(toaspacestation)725-12-30framereferenceburst(in丁DMA)··········，····························，··········，···········，，·⋯⋯725-14-23frame(indigitaltransmission)·····················、···········，······，·····⋯⋯’‘’“·‘’““‘’“”.““‘’725-14-17frame(inTDMA)725-14-18frequencydivisionmultipleaccess725-14-11frequencyhoppingspreadspectrummodulation725-14-32geocentricangle725-11-72geostationaryorbit725-11-682只 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994geostationarysatelite725-11-67geostationarysateliteorbit725-11-68geosynchronoussatellite725-11-65globalcoveragebeam·725-13-09725门1-68time725-14-28ho即ingbeam·················，··········...⋯⋯725-13-17hybridspreadspectrummodulation‘··⋯⋯725-14-33inclination(ofasatelliteorbit)725-11-21inclinedorbit(ofasatellite)二725-11一18indirectdistributionbysatellite725-12-46individualreceiver(insatellitebroadcasting)725-12-43inputbackoff。。·⋯⋯725-14-06inter-satellitelink725-12-25landearthstation····················。···············，············。·。·。···········，···············。····⋯⋯725-12-05landmobileearthstation··，····························。············································⋯⋯725-12-14landstation················，···，，，········，·················，·，·，，························，，，···············，⋯725-12-07lineofnodes(ofasatellite).................................................................................725-11-24lineoftheapsides···································......................................................725-1卜29longitudeoftheascendingnode(ofanearthsatellite)··············‘···“·····················‘⋯⋯725-11-25lunarconjunction············，········，··································，·····························⋯⋯725-11-71mobileearthstation725-12-06mobile(terrestrial)station725-12-08multi-beamantenna725-13-08multiframe··········⋯⋯725-14-19multi-hopsatellitelink725-12-29multi-patternantenna725-13-08multipleaccess725-14-10multiplexing725-14-09multi-satellitelink725-12-28nodalperiod，，··················⋯⋯725-11-37nominalorbitalposition725-12-37notation725-11-5421 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994notationdamper二725-11-55orbit·······································································································⋯⋯725-11-07orbitalelements······················································································⋯⋯725-11一10orbitalperiod(ofasatellite)...................··············，·，·····························，····⋯⋯725-11-35orbitalplane(ofasatellite)·························，························，·······················⋯⋯725-11一11outputbackoff·········································································，···········⋯⋯725-14-07parkingorbit725-11一19passivesensor725-12-57pertapsts725-11-28perigee‘”’“‘’“““.“‘””””‘’‘”’““”“““‘·‘··············································⋯⋯725-11-32periodofrevolution(ofasatellite)725-11-35pitchaxis(ofaspacecraft)·················································⋯⋯，....................⋯⋯725-11-44pitchrate(ofaspacecraft)·········································..................................⋯⋯725-11-47pitch(angle)(ofaspacecraft)725-11-46pitch(ofaspacecraft)--·········································，·····················.··..........⋯⋯725-11-45polarorbit(ofasatellite)725-11一17preamble(inTDMA)··，··············································································⋯⋯725-14-24precession(oftheorbitofasatellite)·········，·····················，·，·························⋯⋯725-11-26precession(ofarotatingbody)··································⋯⋯，.........................⋯⋯725-11-53primarybody(inrelationtoasatellite)725-11-06(principal)referenceplane(forabodyinspace)·············，··································，⋯725-11-09radiodetermination，·················································································⋯⋯725-12-48radionavigation·····················································································⋯⋯725-12-50(radio)repeater·······································，··········································，·⋯⋯725-14-02(radio)station······················································，······························⋯⋯725-12-01(radio)transponder····················································································⋯⋯725-14-01reconfigurablebeamantenna········································································⋯⋯725-13-12reflectingsatellite····················································································⋯⋯725-12-19regenerationtransponder····，········································································⋯⋯725-14-04regeneration(radio)repeater······························，············································⋯⋯725-14-04remotesensingsatellite·············································································⋯⋯725-12-55retrogradeorbit(ofasatellite)················································，··················⋯⋯725-11一13returnlink(inmobilesatellitecommunication)....................._............................⋯⋯725-12-33returnlink(fromaspacestation)..........-...........................·············，··············⋯⋯725-12-30roll(ofaspacecraft)················································································⋯⋯725-1卜41rollaxis(ofaspacecraft)·····················································，·······················，⋯725-11-40rollrate(ofaspacecraft)························，···············································⋯⋯725-1卜432污 GB/T14733.6-2005/IEC60050-725:1994roll(an妙e)(ofaspacecraft)·········································································⋯⋯725-1卜42satellite······。。·····4·········，，，·，，，·‘··。。····，·······，，，，········。。，，·，，，·····，·1·。···4二725-11-05satellitebroadcasting······································································，········⋯⋯725-12-42satellitelink·····。·········，··············，·····························································⋯⋯725-12-27satellitenetwork·····················································································⋯⋯725-12-22satellitenewsgathering··，········，···················，·······················，···················⋯⋯725-12-47satelliteradiodetermination··。···············，·。·····，，，··················，··，，···，·，················⋯⋯725-12-49satelliteradionavgation······，，····························，·，······，‘·“········，·················⋯⋯725-12-51satelliteswitch-timedivisionmultipleaccess.............................······················⋯⋯725-14-13satellitesystem··，··········，，················································，·····················一725-12-21scanningbeam(insatellitecommunication).............................................................725-13-18SCPC································，·······。············。·············································⋯⋯725-14-08servicearc(ofaspacestation)·······································································⋯⋯725-12-36servicearea(ofaspacestation).............····································，···················，，·⋯725-13-02shaped-beamantenna···，·，，，，，···“‘。·。······，·，，·，，，，，，，···“·。·····，，·，，，，···⋯⋯725-13-11shipearthstation·············，························，·······，·····································⋯⋯725-12-10siderealperiodofrevolution(ofasatellite)······，·，··············································⋯⋯725-11-38siderealperiodofrotation························································，··················⋯⋯725-1卜59singlechannelpercarrier··························，····························，···················⋯⋯725-14-08SNG·················。······················································································⋯⋯725-12-47solarconjunction············，························，·························，·····，··············⋯⋯725-11-70spaceprobe·······‘········，······················‘····，·························，·，，，···········⋯⋯725-11-03spaceradiocommunication··，········································································⋯⋯725-12-15spacestation(inradiocommunication)············，················································⋯⋯725-12-02spacesystem···········································，················································⋯⋯725-12-20spacecraft·············································-·······························，·················⋯⋯725-1卜01(space)tracking···········，·，··························，，，·····················，····，，··················一725-12-52spill-overarea····11··。·，，，，，，··，······】·】·······，，，，·，···········4··，····，，，，，，···⋯⋯725-13-03spin-stabilizedsatellite·······，·，······················，·，··········..................................⋯725-11-57spotbeam(ofasatelliteantenna)···················································，··············⋯⋯725-13-10spreadspectrummodulation····························································，··········，·⋯725-14-30SS-TDMA(abbreviation)·······································································⋯⋯725-14-13stationarysatellite··，········，··················，·····-···，·······，··················，··················⋯⋯725-11-66station-keepingsatellite····，，·····························，···········‘········，，················，···‘⋯725-11-60steerablesatellitebeam····，，··········1··········，，，·，，······1·‘·····4-·····，·，·····.......725-13-14sub-synchronoussatellite···············..........................···············，··，···············⋯⋯725-11-63sun-synchronoussatellite·····················································，····················⋯⋯725-11-69superframe······，····································-·····························，···················⋯⋯725-14-20super-synchronoussatellite························，·······················‘··，，·····················，⋯725-11-64synchronizedsatellite·········，·············································。·······，·················。·⋯725-11-61synchronoussatellite··，·，，，，，·，，·······-···，·，，，·，··，········1··········，··········⋯⋯725-1卜6226 GB/T14733.6-2005八EC60050-725:1994TDMA(abbreviation)·························································.......................⋯⋯725-14-12terrestrialradiocommunication725-12-16terrestrialstation725-12-04three-axis-stabilizedsatellite725-11-58thruster(ofaspacecraft)725-11-39timedivisionmultipleaccess725-14-12Timeslot725-14-16timingrecovery725-14-21topocentricangle··························································································⋯⋯725-11-73trafficburst(inTDMA)725-14-27transferorbit725-11-20transponder(insatellite6ommunication)···························································⋯⋯725-14-02(transport)repeater725-14-03(transport)transponder725-14-03TS(abbreviation)···························.....................................................⋯⋯725-14-16uniqueword(inTDMA)725-14-26unperturbedorbit725-11-08U川nk725-12-23isVearc(ofasatellitenetwork)725-12-35yaw(angle)(ofaspacecraft)725-11-50yawaxis(ofaspacecraft)725-11-48yawrate(ofaspacecraft)·725-11-51yaw(ofaspacecraft)··⋯⋯725-11-49'