GBT17765-1999航标术语.pdf 37页

'免费标准网(www.freebz.net)丢6093署8中华人民共和国国家标准Gs/T17765-1999航标术语Terminologyofaidstonavigation1999一05一31发布2000一04一01实施国家质董叠技术监督局发布免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999目次前言·····························“········································”····”·”····························⋯⋯I1范围············································“·······”·······”·····················“·“·······“·······”一12引用标准··········································“·······“·····························“·“·······“·······”一13一般术语·································“·····································”···························⋯⋯14视觉航标·············“····”········、·················“········”···································“·”···⋯⋯45音响航标‘······················································································“·············”⋯146无线电航标··················································“··············..···················“·⋯⋯157航标管理·········································································”·······..··”·····⋯⋯18附录A(提示的附录)中文索引······“········································⋯⋯”····..····.·.·......·.⋯⋯21附录B(提示的附录)英文索引··················”·”····”·····························“····”··..·..·.⋯⋯25标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/"r17765-1999前言本标准是依据国际航标协会(IALA)编制的《国际海上航标词典》和国际海事组织(IMO)颁布的航道定线制并结合我国的实际情况制定的。本标准规定了航标系统专用的和相关的术语及其定义。除了我国长期应用的一部分航标专用名词、术语外，在内容上尽量向国际通用名词、术语靠拢或力求一致。鉴于航标所固有的特性，在制定本标准时，还规定了一些必要的符号、代号和示意图，使之更直观和实用。为便于使用和保证标准的协调性，本标准中的部分术语引用了相关标准中的条文，同时使沿海与内河的通用术语和名词尽可能保持统一。本标准自实施之日起，新制定或修订的有关航标管理、建设、科研、教学、器材生产等技术文件中所采用的术语，均应符合本标准的规定。本标准的附录A,附录B均为提示的附录。本标准由中华人民共和国交通部提出。本标准由中华人民共和国交通部海事局归口。本标准主要起草单位:中国航海学会航标专业委员会、交通部标准计量研究所、交通部上海海上安全监督局、交通部天津海上安全监督局、交通部广州海上安全监督局、交通部长江航道局。本标准主要起草人:李仪、姜立华、刘郁郁、丁益明、张拔南、吴志刚、狄伟。本标准由中华人民共和国交通部海事局负责解释。免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)中华人民共和国国家标准GB/T17765-1999航标术语Terminologyofaidstonavigation1范围本标准规定了航标术语及其定义，适用于航标管理、建设、科研、教学、器材生产等领域。2引用标准下列标准所包含的条文，通过在本标准中引用而构成为本标准的条文。本标准出版时，所示版本均为有效。所有标准都会被修订，使用本标准的各方应探讨使用下列标准最新版本的可能性。GB/T9390-1988导航术语GB17380-1998中国海区水中建(构)筑物标志规定3一般术语3.1通用术语3.1.1助航标志aidstonavigation为帮助船舶安全、经济和便利航行而设置的视觉、音响和无线电助航设施，简称航标。3.1.2视觉航标visualaids以形状、颜色和灯光等特征，供直观识别的固定式或浮动式的助航标志，又称目视航标。3.1.3音响航标audibleaids以音响传送信号，引起航海人员注意的助航标志。3.1.4无线电航标radioaids以无线电波传送信息供船舶测定船位的助航标志。3.1.5季节性航标，easonalaids为特定季节或特定水位时期的通航水域设置的航标。3.1.6浮动标志floatingmark设置在水中带有浮体的助航标志，例如灯船、浮标等。3.1.7固定标志fixedmark位置固定的助航标志，例如陆地上或水中的灯塔、灯桩、立标等。3.1.8岸标landmark设在陆地上的助航标志。3.1.9浮标buoy锚锭在指定的位置具有一定形状、尺寸和颜色等特征的浮动标志。3.1.10灯浮标lightedbuoy装有灯器的浮标，简称灯浮。国家质11技术监督局1999一05一31批准2000一04一01实施标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-19993.1.11专用标志，pecialmark用于指示某一特定水域或特征而设的标志。3.1.12航标可靠性reliabilityofaidstonavigation航标设备或系统设施在规定的使用范围和时间内满足助航要求的能力。3.1.13航标可用性availabilityofaidstonavigation航标设备在使用期间可以利用的概率。3.1.14备用设备stand-byapparatus当在用设备失常时，可随时投人工作并具有与原设备同等功效的设备。3.1.15应急设备emergencyapparatus当在用设备及备用设备均失常时紧急投入使用的设备。它与原设备相比较，允许其部分技术指标有所降低。3.1.16航标背景backgroundofmark观察者观察航标时所见到的航标背后的地物、地貌、水面、空际、灯光等景象。3.1.17浮标形状buoyshapes在水上从任何水平方向观测浮标标体水线以上部分时所呈现的外形特征.3.1.18浮标19旋半径swingingradius以沉锤为中心的浮标活动半径，又称回旋误差。3.1.19浮标系碗方法buoymooringmethod在不同水域条件下，保证浮标正确浮位的锚系方法。3.1.20新危险物newdangers新发现而未在航海资料中指名的障碍物，如浅滩、礁石、沉船等。3.2相关术语3.2.1海上浮标制式maritimebuoyagesystem在海区、通海河口以助航为目的而设置浮标的规则。3.2.2内河航标制式aidstonavigationsystemoninlandwaterway在江、河、湖泊、水库通航水域设置助航标志的规则。3.2.3定线制routingsystem以提高安全航行条件为目的的一条或多条航道的有关通航规定或定线措施，海区一般用航标标示。其包括:分道通航制、双程对驶航道、推荐航道、环形航道、深水航道、沿岸通航带、谨慎航行区和避航区。3.2.4航道waterway,navigationchannel沿海、江、河、湖泊、水库、渠道和运河内可供船舶、排筏在不同水位期通航的水域。3.2.5通航净空navigationclearance通航净高及净宽尺度的总称。3.2.5.1通航净高navigationclearheight设计最高通航水位至跨越航道的建筑物或其他设施最低点之间的垂直距离。3.2.5.2通航净宽navigationclearwidth跨越航道建筑物通航孔相邻两墩内侧间可供船舶或船队安全航行的有效宽度。3.2.6主航道mainchannela)供多数相对尺度较大的标准船舶或船队航行的航道。b)在两条以上可供选择的航道中，由于自然条件较好或经主管部门指定供主要船舶航行的航道。3.2.7航道走向conventionaldirectionofbuoyage免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-1999船舶在沿海、河口的航道航行时用以确定航道左右侧的根据，即浮标系统习惯走向。其规定如下:a)从海上驶近或进入港口、河口、港湾或其他水道的方向;b)在外海、海峡或岛屿之间的水道，原则上指围绕大陆顺时针航行的方向;c)在复杂的环境里，航道走向由航标管理机关确定，并在海图上用“暇”标示’3.2.8分道通航制trafficseparationscheme用适当的措施或规定划定通航分道，以分隔相反的通航船流的一种定线方法。3.2.9分隔带[线]separationzone[line]将对遇的船舶分隔航行的带〔线〕，或分隔通航分道与沿岸通航航道的带[线〕。3.2.10通航分道trafficlane只限单程通航的规定界线内的水域。3.2.11环行航道roundabout围绕分隔点或圆形分隔区的规定范围内的圆形通航分道。3.2.12沿岸通航带inshoretrafficzone通航分道区中向陆地一侧的边界线与相邻海岸间的供小型船舶使用的指定水域。3.2.13，戒航行区precautionaryarea有关当局推荐了船舶总流量，船舶必须特别谨慎航行的一个规定了界线的区域。3.2.14特定航道specialchannel为特殊目的，由有关当局作出某种规定的航道。3.2.15推荐航道preferredchannel为安全和经济而推荐的某种船舶行驶的航道。3.2.16河流左岸、右岸leftbank、rightbank以水流方向确定河流的上、下游，面向河流下游，左手一侧为左岸，右手一侧为右岸。3.2.17海区航道左侧、右侧，rthandsideofachannel,starboardhandsideofachannel船舶顺航道走向航行时，其左舷一侧为航道左侧，右舷一侧为航道右侧。3.2.18内河航道左侧、右侧leftside,rightside内河航道左侧和右侧与河流左岸和右岸一致。3.2.19航道分岔处bifurcationa)在海区，船舶由海向里顺涨潮主流方向或主管部门规定的方向看，一条航道分成两条航道的地点。b)在内河，两条航道的交会处通称分岔处。3.2-20航道汇合处Junction船舶由海向里顺涨潮主流方向或主管部门规定的方向看，两条航道汇合成一条航道的地点。3.2.21经济航道economicroute为减少船舶在某区段内所需航行时间而开辟的航道，包括缓流航道和短捷航道。3.2.21.1缓流航道sluggishroute为使上行船舶能利用缓流航行而开辟的航道。3.2-21.2短捷航道short-cutchannel在分岔河道上开辟的较主航道航程短捷的航道。3.2.22进港航道approachchannel与沿海航道或内河主航道联接的，供船舶进出港池使用的航道。3.2.23深泌线thalweg标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999连接航道沿程最深处所形成的平滑曲线，又称舜线。，24过河航道crossingchannel沿航道深乱线由一岸趋向另一岸的航道。.25沿岸航道bankwisechannel河道深乱线靠近一岸，可以沿该岸航行的航道。.26河心航道mid-riverchannel河道深乱线位于河心，两岸都有浅滩、礁石或其他碍航物，可航水域位于河心的航道。.27桥区航道bridge-crossingchannel位于跨河桥梁及其上、下游一定范围内的航道。，28季节性航道seasonalchannel只能在一定季节或水位期内通航的航道。29浅滩河段shoalsection航道自然水深有时不能满足设计标准或维护要求的河段。30通航控制河段trafficcontrolsection对船舶对驶、追越或同向并驶有危险的狭窄与急弯航段、单孔通航桥梁或通航建筑物，必须控制船舶单向通航的河段·31深槽河段deeppoolsection航道自然条件好，自然水深长年达到或超过维护标准的河段。.32航道界限laterallimitofchannel具有规定尺度的航道两侧的边界线，一般以侧面标标示。4视觉航标4.1航标光学411光轴opticalaxis以透镜或反射镜外表面旋转的轴。2焦点focus透镜或反射镜光轴上的一个点。平行于光轴的光线，通过折射或反射会聚到这个点上。3焦面focalplanea)透镜或反射器的焦面，指通过焦点垂直于透镜或反射器光轴的平面。b)灯光的焦面，指通过光学系统焦点的水平面。4焦距focaldistance,focallength焦点至透镜或反射镜内表面的垂直距离。5对焦focusing将光源置于透镜焦点处的操作过程。6灯光中心高度heightoflightcenter灯光中心或灯光焦面与灯光所在地平均大潮高潮面之间的距离。7包容角subtenseangle在通过焦点的一水平面或垂直平面内，透镜或反射器的边缘所相对的以焦点为顶点的角。8焦散域areaoffocaldivergence当水平平行光入射透镜后，在与入射平行光一致并通过焦点的竖直面上显示出的散发范围。9菲涅耳剖面Fresnelprofile对光具有折射和折反射作用的透镜的阶梯形剖面。10笔形光束pencilbeam集中在某一直线方向周围发射出去的光束。免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-19994.1.11扇形光束fanbeam集中在一个平面内或接近在一个平面内发射的呈扇形的光束。4.1.12垂直散射角angleofverticaldivergence位于透镜焦点处光源经透镜射出的光束与透镜的光轴在垂直平面内形成的夹角。4.1.13水平散射角angleofhorizontaldivergence位于透镜焦点处光源经透镜射出的光束与透镜的光轴在水平平面内形成的夹角。4.1.14大气透射率atmospherictransmissivity表示大气透光特性的一个物理量。为指定长度的大气路径上光的正常透射程度。4.，.15水平能见度visibility视力正常的人在当时天气条件下能够从天空背景中看到和辨认出的目标物(黑色、大小适度)的最大水平距离;夜间则是指能看到和确定出的一定强度灯光的最大水平距离。4.1.16视距visualrange目标与其背景的亮度对比度被大气降低至观察者的亮度对比度阂值时的最大距离。4.1.17地理视距geographicalrange目标或来自光源的光当只受地球曲率、大气折射、目标或灯标的海拔高度和观察者眼高限制时，理论上被观察者看到的最大距离。4.1.18灯光射程luminousrange由灯光的发光强度、大气透射率、灯光的背景条件和观察者眼睛的照度闭值四个因素所决定的灯光最大可见距离。4.1.19标称灯光射程nominalrange在水平能见度为10nmlie(相当于大气透射率为。.74)的均匀大气环境条件下的灯光射程。4.1.20照度闽值thresholdof川uminance观察者在给定照度的背景下能觉察到点光源存在时，该光源在观察者眼睛处产生的最小照度值。4.1.21亮度对比度luminancecontrast目标与背景间亮度的对比值。4.1.22亮度对比度闺值luminancecontrastthreshold给定目标在给定背景下被观察者觉察到时，该目标在观察者眼睛处产生的最小亮度对比度。4.1.23节奏光的有效光强effectiveintensityofrhythmiclight在同样环境和设备条件下，定光光源和节奏光光源相比，若两者的发光强度相等，则此定光光源的发光强度即为节奏光的有效光强(GB17380-1998中3.2),4.2航标光学装置4.2.1透镜lens由两个共轴曲面或一个曲面和一个平面组成的光学系统，经常泛指具有一个共聚焦点的光学元件的组合。4.2.2梭镜prism由两个或两个以上不平行的折射平面围限成的透明介质元件。4.2.3反射镜reflectingmirror具有将入射的光束经过有规律的反射而折转至新方向的特性的光学系统。4.2.4抛物面反射镜parabolicreflectingmirror反射面为旋转抛物面的反射镜。4.2.5球面反射镜sphericalreflectingmirror反射面是球面的一部分的反射镜。标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-19994.2.6菲涅耳透镜Fresnellens由菲涅耳剖面绕透镜的光轴或绕透镜轴旋转而成的透镜。4.2.7牛眼透镜bullseyelens由圆形平凸或双凸透镜、环形折射棱镜和(或)环形折反射棱镜组成的菲涅耳透镜。4.2.8梭镜透镜prismaticlens由牛眼和同心的折射、折反射(有些有)的镜圈合成的组件。当正确聚焦时，其焦点与光源相重合，或位于光源的边界以内。4.2.9固定透镜fixedlens由双凸透镜状截面的环带及其上下为一系列镜圈所组成的一种透镜。其环带和各镜圈的旋转轴是一条竖直线，各镜圈是连接的或近似连接的。4.2.10鼓形透镜drumlens由内壁圆筒形的平凸透镜、折射棱镜圈和(或)折反射棱镜圈组成的形状如鼓形的环射式透镜。4.2.11颇色滩光器colorfilter从光源的白光中获得色光的光学器具。4.3航标光源4.3.1原光源primarylightsource由能源转换成光的发光表面或物体。4.3.2色泡colorlamp能发出有色灯光，且色度坐标符合特定规定的航标灯泡。4.3.3灯泡达白炽时间incandescenttimeofalamp从开始对灯泡供电起至达到灯泡在给定功率时的标称光强或标称光通量规定百分比所经过的时间。4.3.4灯泡变暗时间nigrescencetimeofalamp从停止对灯泡供电起至降低到灯泡在给定功率时的标称光强或标称光通量规定百分比所经过的时间。4.3.5灯泡额定寿命nominallifeofalamp对给定型号的灯泡，根据测试，用统计方法获得的寿命预测值。4.3.6灯泡有效寿命usefullifeofalamp灯泡发射光通量超过其原始值规定比例的时间长度。4.3.7电闪灯electricflashinglight以电为动力，通过控制电路，自动启闭灯泡，按规定节奏发出闪光的航标灯。4.4航标灯器、设备4.4.1灯笼lighthouselantern在灯塔或灯船顶部用以保护光学设备的透光外罩。4.4.2灯壳lantern航标灯中用来保护光电器件的外壳。4.4.3发光设备支座opticpedestal用以安装光学设备的支承组合件。4.4.4对焦仪focusingdevice固定在光学透镜的框架上，对焦时使用的光学仪器。4.4.5换泡器lampchanger航标灯内能将备用灯泡自动转换替代损坏的灯泡的装置。4.4.6闪光器flasher免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999在航标灯中用以产生节奏光的组件。4.4.7遮光屏screen,blankingscreen用以遮蔽灯光的一种不透光的组件。4.4.7.1旋转式遮光策revolvingscreen用以阻断来自光源的光而产生需要节奏光的，开有条孔并围绕着通过光源的竖直轴旋转的圆柱形外壳。4.4-7.2弧形遮光板sectorscreen围绕光源设置的用以界限分明地切断光束产生光弧并减少其变化角的不透光板。4.4-7.3径向遮光板radialscreen沿光源辐射方向设置的用以减少杂光或光弧变化角的不透光板。4.4.88光开关sunswitch根据环境光的照度，开启和关闭光源的器件。4.4.9压制透镜pressedlens以玻璃为原料用钢模压铸成形的透镜。4.4.10注塑透镜plasticslens以塑料为原料用注塑工艺制成的透镜。4.4.11磨光透镜catandpolishedlens由钢模压出的玻璃毛坯经糟密研磨的棱镜或镜圈组合而成的透镜。4.4.12有色透镜colorlens在玻璃或塑料原料中加人颜料的玻璃压制透镜或塑料注塑透镜。4.5航标灯光类型和特征4.5.1主灯mainlight位于同一支座或邻近支座的两盏(组)或两盏(组)以上的灯(灯阵)中光强较大的灯(灯阵)。4.5.2辅助灯subsidiarylight设置在主灯支座上或其邻近处对航海有特别用途的灯。4.5.3备用灯stand-bylight与主灯功效相同，当主灯失常时能接替工作的灯。4.5.4应急灯emergencylight当在用灯失常时紧急投人使用的灯。其功效允许比常设灯为弱。4.5.5同步灯synchronouslight两盏或两盏以上同时显示同一灯质的灯。4.5.6昼灯daytimelight24小时显示同一灯质的灯。4.5.7季节灯seasonallight根据不同助航的需要，按季节提供服务的灯。4.5.8潮灯tidallight指示潮汐情况的灯，又称潮汐信号灯。4.5.9渔灯fishinglight为渔业生产而设置的专业灯。4.5.10灯光性质characteristicoflight作为航标灯识别特征所显示出的特定的光色、节奏和周期的总称，简称灯质。4.5.11灯光节赛rhythmoflight灯光周期性明暗变化的规律。标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-19994.5.12灯光周期periodofarhythmiclight有节奏的灯光自开始到以同样的节奏重复时所经历的时间间隔。定光fixedlight连续的稳定的和不变色的灯光。代号:定，,F,图解:}}4.5.14顿光occultinglight在一个周期中明的时间之和比暗的时间之和长，且暗的持续时间是相等的有节奏、不变色的灯光。单顿光single-occultinglight在一个周期中只暗一次并有规则地重复的顿光。代号:顿，Oc,图解:匡士=异一口周期16联顿光group-occultinglight在一个周期中有二次或二次以上暗并有规则地重复的顿光。以联顿光二次为例代号:顿(2),0c(2),图解:周期5.17混合联顿光compositegroup-occultinglight在一个周期中有两个连续的、暗的次数不同并有规则地重复的顿光。以混合联顿光二次加一次为例代号:顿(2+1),Oc(2+1)。图解:周期18等明暗光isophaselight在一个周期中明与暗的时间相等，并有规则地重复，且周期为2s以上的不变色的灯光。代号:等明暗，ISO,图解:周期5.19闪光flashinglight在一个周期中明的时间之和比暗的时间之和短，且明的时间是相等的有节奏、不变色的灯光。20单闪光single-flashinglight在一个周期中只显一次，并有规则地重复，暗的持续时间不少于明的持续时间的三倍，每分钟少于50次的闪光。代号:闪，Ft.图解:周期长闪光long-flashinglight在一个周期中明的持续时间不少于2s的单闪光。代号:长闪，LF1。图解:生旦旦旦一自..周期4.5.22联闪光group-flashinglight在一个周期中以二次或二次以上为一个组，并有规则地重复，每组明及其暗的持续时间各自相等，暗的持续时间明显地比分隔每一组暗的持续时间短的闪光。在内河，联闪二次的灯光又称免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999双闪光;联闪兰次的灯光又称三闪光。以联闪三次为例代号:闪(3),F1(3)。图解:周期23混合联闪光compositegroup-flashinglight在一个周期中有几个次数不同的闪光组的联闪光。以混合联闪三次加一次为例代号:闪(3+1),F1(3+1),图解:皿鱼里里鲜里里，.叹，.5.24快闪光quickflashinglight闪光的次数每分钟不少于50次不超过80次的有节奏、不变色的灯光。连续快闪光continuousquickflashinglight不间断的快闪光。代号:快，Q。图解:I协八，内甲叭5.26联快闪光groupquickflashinglight在一个周期中以二次或二次以上为一个组并有规则地重复的快闪光。以联快闪光三次为例代号:快(3),Q(3)。图解:周期甚快闪光veryquickflashinglight闪光的次数每分钟不少于80次不超过160次的有节奏、不变色的灯光。连续甚快闪光continuousveryquickflashinglfght不间断的甚快闪光。代号:甚快，VQ·图解:门甲甲叭门下甲n仲，联甚快闪光groupveryquicklight在一个周期中以二次或二次以上为一个组并有规则地重复的甚快闪光。以联甚快闪三次为例代号:甚快((3),VQ(3)。图解:周期4.5.30超快闪光ultraquickflashinglight闪光次数每分钟不少于16。次的有节奏、不变色的灯光。连续超快闪光continuousultraquickflashinglight不间断的超快闪光。代号:超快，UQ。图解:斤甲四们阿们斤们32莫尔斯灯光Morsecodelight有明暗节奏，以短明(点)、长明(划)混合组成的代表莫尔斯信号特征的闪光组，两明之间暗的持续时间同“点”相等，“划”的持续时间为“点”的三倍的不变色的灯光。以莫尔斯信号“A”的灯光为例代号:莫(A),Mo(A),图解:周期标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-1999定闪光fixedandflashinglight一个定光与较高光强的闪光组成的灯光。代号:定闪，FFl。图解:里里里里旦里旦周期互光alternatelight有节奏地交替显示不同颜色的灯光。以白与红光为例代号:互(白红),A1WR。图解:周期4.5.35扇形光sectorlight在与航海有关的不同方位的垂直面，通过光源中心构成扇形角的空间显示不同特征(通常是不同的颜色)的灯光。4.6海区浮标与岸标4.6.1桥梁标志bridgemark指示船舶在桥下通过的最佳可航水域及桥墩位置的特定助航标志。4.6.2灯船lightvessel,lightship装有高光强灯器，还可同时装有音响或无线电助航设备，通常设在海港口门、转向点或其他重要水域的船形浮动标志。4.6.3大型助航浮标largenavigationalbuoy水线处直径在8m以上，装有高光强灯器，还可同时装有音响或无线电助航设备的盘形浮标。4.6.4立标unlightedbeacon设置在陆地或水中指定位置处不发光的固定标志。4.6.5灯桩lightbeacon装有发光灯器的立标。4.6.6日标daymark为便于判别标志特征和白天增加其视距而在标体上附加的装置。4.6.7灯塔lighthouse装有高光强灯器，射程一般不小于15nmile，还可同时装有音响或无线电助航设备，通常设在沿海、港口等重要位置的塔形大型固定标志。4.6.8活节式灯桩buoyantbeacon,resilientbeacon,articulatedbeacon由标身、浮室、活络接头和锚旋装置组成的装有灯器及其他助航设备，以浮室的浮力保持标身接近垂直的水中助航标志。4.6.9罐形浮标canbuoy,cylindricalbuoy水线以上标身在任何水平方向上观察时呈现的外形特征为矩形的浮标。4.6.10锥形浮标conicalbuoy水线以上标身在任何水平方向上观察时呈现的外形特征为顶端向上的三角形的浮标。4.6.11柱形浮标pillarbuoy浮体支柱上端可安装灯器和顶标的浮标。4.6.12球形浮标sphericalbuoy水线以上标身在任何水平方向上观察时呈现的外形特征为圆形的浮标。4.6.13杆形浮标sparbuoy标体呈细长杆状，近似垂直，且水线以上的标体高度最少为其横截面宽度五倍的浮标。免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Ga/T17765-19994.6.14高焦面浮标highfocalplanebuoy具有很高的灯光焦面高度的灯浮标。6.15钟浮标bellbuoy装有一个或几个钟的浮标。6.16口肖浮标whistlebuoy装有一个或几个哨笛的浮标。4.6.17海洋资料浮标oceandatabuoy装有水文气象仪器，专门收集海洋资料的浮标，代号为ODAS.6.18横带horizontalbands涂饰在标志上的横向色带。4.6.19竖亲verticalstripes涂饰在标志上的竖直色条。4.6.20侧面标志lateralmarks根据航道走向，用以标示航道两侧界限，或标示推荐航道，也可标示特定航道的一种水中助航标志。左侧标porthandmark设在航道左侧，标示航道左侧界限的标志。4.6.22右侧标starboardhandmark设在航道右侧，标示航道右侧界限的标志。6.23推荐航道左侧标preferredchanneltostarboarda)设在航道分岔处标示推荐航道在本标右侧的标志;b)用于特定航道时，标示该航道左侧界限的标志。4.6.24推荐航道右侧标preferredchanneltoporta)设在航道分岔处标示推荐航道在本标左侧的标志;b)用于特定航道时，标示该航道右侧界限的标志。6.25方位标志cardinalmarks设在以危险物或危险区为中心的北、东、南、西四个象限内，标示可航水域在本标志同名一侧的助航标志。也可设在航道的弯段、分支汇合处或浅滩终端。4.6.25北方位标northcardinalmark设在危险物或危险区北方的标志。6.25.2东方位标eastcardinalmark设在危险物或危险区东方的标志。4.6-25.3南方位标southcardinalmark设在危险物或危险区南方的标志。6.25.4西方位标westcardinalmark设在危险物或危险区西方的标志。孤立危险物标志isolateddangermark设在危险物之上或其附近，标示危险所在位置的助航标志。4.6.27安全水域标志safewatermark设在航道中央或航道的中线上，标示其周围均为可航水域的助航标志。该标志也可代替方位标或侧面标，标示接近陆地。测速标measured-milemark供船舶测定航速用的标志。-标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-19994.6.29罗经校正标marksforcompassadjustment供校正船用罗经自差而专门设置的标志。4.7内河浮标与岸标4.7.1航行标志navigationmark标示航道方向和界限的标志。4.7.2过河标crossingmark标示过河航道的起点或终点的标志。4.7.3沿岸标bankwisemark标示沿岸航道的方向，指示船舶继续沿着本岸航行的标志。4.7.4过渡导标transitionrangemarks标示一方为导标指示的狭窄航道，另一方为较宽阔的沿岸航道或过河航道的标志。4.7.5首尾导标foreandaftrangemarks由前后鼎立的三座标示组成两条导线，分别标示上、下游狭窄航道方向的标志。4.7.6侧面标lateralmark设在浅滩、礁石、沉船或其他碍航物靠近航道一侧，标示航道的侧面界限，或设在水网地区优良航道两岸，标示岸形、突嘴或不通航的汉港的标志。4.7.7左右通航标middlegroundmark,bifurcationmark设在航道中个别河心碍航物或航道开始分岔处，标示该标两侧都是通航航道的标志。4.7.8示位标positionindicatingmark设在湖泊、水库、水网地区或其他宽阔水域，标示岛屿、浅滩、礁石及通航河口等特定位置，供船舶定位或确定航向的标志。、-4.7.9泛滥标floodmark标示被洪水淹没的岸线或岛屿轮廓的标志。4.7.10桥涵标bridgeopeningmark标示船舶通航桥孔的标志。4.7.11信号标志signalmark用以控制通航、揭示水深、警告有横流等起信号作用的标志。4.7.11.1通行信号标trafficcontrolmark用以控制上行或下行的船舶单向顺序通航或禁止通航的信号标志。4.7.11.2鸣笛标whistlingmark指示船舶鸣笛的信号标志。4.7.11.3界限标limitmark标示通航控制河段的上、下界限，或标示船闸室内允许船舶安全停靠的两端界限的信号标d士}山}o4.7.11.4水深信号标depthsignalmark揭示浅滩航道最小水深的信号标志。4.7.11.5横流标crosscurrentmark标示航道内有横流，警告船舶注意的信号标志。4.7.11.6节制闸标regulatinglockmark标示前方是节制闸，防止船舶因误入而发生危险的信号标志。4.8浮标及系碳设备4.8.1浮体buoybody使浮动航标具有足够浮力的水密体。免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-19994.8.2灯架lightrack,buoysuperstructure设在浮体上，具有一定高度支承灯器的上层建筑。4.8.3尾管tailtube使浮标在水中保持直立状态，安装在浮体底部的其末端放置平衡锤的管件。4.8.4平衡锤ballast为增加浮标在水中的稳定性而设置的配重物，又称压重。4.8.5望板wingplate,batwing安装在浮标灯架上用于显示浮标外形的附加装置。4.8.6顶标topmarks在水上助航标志顶部的一个或两个具有一定尺寸和特定形状及颜色的标志。4.8.7浮标最小千胜minimumfreeboardofbuoy浮体上边缘至浮标容许最大吃水线的垂距。4.8.8浮标总倾斜角totalincliningangleofbuoy浮标在风和水流合力作用下所产生的倾斜角，以“。”或“八”表示。4.8.9浮标摇摆周期vacillatingperiodofbuoy浮标在水中往复摇摆一次的时间，以、”表示。4.8.10浮标级大摇摆角maximumvacillatingangleofbuoy当波浪周期和浮标摇摆周期相同产生谐振时的摇摆角，以“。”或“乙〕”表示。4.8.11平衡架balancerack保证航标灯光在浮标摇摆时能保持基本水平照射的一种装置。4.8.12浮标锚链buoychain用于系泊或固定各类浮标的锚链。4.8.12.1马鞍链bridlechain防止锚链与浮标尾管和压重的纹缠及摩擦，连接浮标与锚链的马鞍形链节。4.8-12.2短链节shortchain为起吊、更换浮标时易于拆装而设，标准长度为4.5m，其一端连接马鞍链，另一端连接半链节或全链节的链节。4.8.12.3地链groundchain,bottomchain能辅助沉锤增加爬驻力，防止沉锤受到向上拉力而移位所设的浮标锚链卧于水底的部分。4.8.13沉锤sinker由铸铁或钢筋混凝土制成，顶部和侧面有系链环，用于系旋浮标的重物。4.8.14旋转环swivel为预防系链因浮标转动而发生连接扭结而设，可在水中自由旋转的系链组件。4.8.15连接却扣joiningshackle连接锚链与锚链，有一可拆装的横栓插人其开口一端的孔眼，用销钉或螺栓固定的组件，又称链卸扣。4.8.16末端卸扣endshackle连接浮标与马鞍链或连接浮标锚链与沉锤，环较长且开口较大，插入的横栓伸出环的头部，用扁开口销锁紧的组件。4.8.17三眼环eye-plate灯船或大型浮标双锚泊时连接锚链用的三孔大铁环。4.9导标4.9.1导标leadingmarks,rangemarks,transitmarks标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-1999在同一垂直面上，由两座或两座以上构成一条方位线，一般设置于狭窄航道上作为指向的助航设施，又称叠标。4.9.1.1前标frontmark导标中离被引导船舶距离近的标志。4.9.1.2后标rearmark导标中离被引导船舶距离远的标志。4.9.2导标间距horizontaldistancebetweentheleadingmarks导标前标至后标间的水平距离。4.9.3导标轴线axisoftheleadingmarks前后导标位置的垂直投影点的水平连线及其延长线。4.9.4导标最远作用距离maximumusefulrangeofleadingmarks在导标轴线上，前标至被引导船舶使用导标最远点的一段水平距离。4.9.5导标最近作用距离minimumusefulrangeofleadingmarks在导标轴线上，前标至被引导船舶使用导标最近点的一段水平距离。4.9.6肉眼分辨角nakedeyesresolutionangle人眼能够分辨出两个不同目标的最小张角。4.9.7导标有效作用距离usefulrangeofleadingmarks在导标轴线上可以引导船舶自作用距离最远点至最近点安全航行的一段水平距离。4.9.8容许偏离J[concessionaldeviationcapacity船舶沿导标轴线航行时，离导标轴线容许的横移偏差量。4.9.9设计偏离11designdeviationcapacity在导标设计中，导标轴线离航道中心线允许的偏离量。4.9.10视觉偏离JRvisiondeviationcapacity船舶沿导标轴线航行时，由肉眼分辨角产生的导标轴线与航道中心线之间的偏离量4.9.11导标垂直角verticalangleofleadingmarks导标前、后标顶(灯光中心)连线与水平的夹角，亦称仰角差。4.9.12标身垂直角verticalangleofstructure观测前标标身自标顶(灯光中心)至标底之间的夹角。4.9.13前标标顶高程topaltitudeoffrontmark在平均大潮高潮时，观察者在搜寻区起点处至少能够看到的前标标身最小高度。4.9.14后标标顶高程topaltitudeofrearmark在平均大潮高潮时，观察者在使用段的任何部位均可观测到前后标标顶垂直张角在2，一14"之间，重要部位处控制在3"-4‘的最小高度。4.9.15标身高度heightofmark"sstructure自导标的地基至标顶的高度。音响航标声学与听觉;.{音响信号audiblesignal为了传递助航信息而发出的某种音响。雾警信号fogsignal当大气透射率低时，用以警告船舶的音响信号。雾号设备免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-19995.2雾号发声器fogsignalemitter发射音响雾信号的发声设备，一般分为电动发声器和气动发声器。，钟fogbell用鸣钟方式发出雾警信号的设备。，苦设备fogwarningsignalequipment发出特定雾警信号的设备。雾炮foggun用以产生雾警信号的火炮。盯0肖fogwhistle产生雾警信号的气哨。2.6雾笛fogsiren产生雾警信号的汽笛。2.6低音雾笛diaphone发出音频低、振幅大的雾警信号的雾笛。5.2.6高音雾笛nautophone发出高频雾警信号的雾笛。6无线电航标6.1签础6.1.1无线电测定radiodetermination利用无线电的电参数，测定位置或获得位置信息的方法。6.1.2无线电导航radionavigation利用发射和接收无线电信号的导航(GB/T9390-1988中1.1.7),6.1.3无线电定位radiolocation利用无线电波的电参数来测定位置的方法。6.1.4双曲线格网hyperboliclattice在时间差或相位差定位系统中，二个交叉台链所对应的双曲线簇组(二个相邻导航台间形成的)相互交叉形成的格网。6.1.5双曲线定位hyperbolicpositioning利用无线电导航系统形成的双曲线格网进行定位的方法。船舶通过测定二个台链的时差或相位差，得到二条双曲线，其交点就是船舶的位置。6.1.6导航作用距离operativedistanceofradionavigationaids以无线电导航系统发射台为圆心至所能提供规定信号场强和定位精度的距离。6.1.7导航误差navigationerror无线电导航系统所提供的导航位置与实际位置的差。6.1.8等精度曲线contoursofconstantgeometricaccuracy定位精度几何因子为常数的点的轨迹。它可直观反映精度误差的分布情况。6.1.9墓线baseline在确定导航坐标时，作为测试比较无线电相位或时间的两个台的连线。对于两个地面台而言，一般是指连接两个台的大圆路径(GB/T9390-1988中2.4.12),6.1.10基线延长线baselineextension无线电导航台基线向外侧的延长线。6.1.11峰值包络功率peakvalueofenvelopepower标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999在数值上等于一个周期内的平均功率，即脉冲功率。6.1.12台对pairofstation能提供一位置线簇的两个无线电导航台。6.1.13台链chain为了确定位置或提供导航信息的几个相关构成的台组(GB/T9390-1988中2.4-7).6.1.14主台masterstation双曲线导航系统中，用于控制或同步其他台发射的那个台(GB/T9390-1988中2.4.10),6.1.15副台slavestation发射特性受主台控制或同步的那个台(GB/T9390-1988中2.4-11).6.1.16副台固定延时sub-stationfixedtimedelay双曲线导航系统中为消除双值性，副台在收到主台信号后再发射所延迟的一规定固定时间。6.1.17双曲线格网海图hyperboliclatticechart标有两个以上双曲线簇的海图。6.1.18差分定位differentialpositioning用已知点观测得到的误差修正参数来修正待测点定位信息的方法。6.2雷达信标6.2.1雷达指向标ramark,radarmark雷达信标中属指向标的一类，工作于连续发射状态，仅指示雷达至信标的方位。6.2.2雷达应答器racon与船用雷达配合使用，工作在航海雷达颇段内的接收和发射设备。6.2.3扫频雷达应答器sweptfrequencyracon在受雷达脉冲触发时，能周期性地在雷达频段范围内扫频发射应答信号的应答器。6.2.4频率捷变雷达信标frequencyagileracon在受雷达脉冲触发时，能用与询间信号相同的频率发射应答信号的应答器。6.2.5固定频率雷达信标fixedfrequencyracon在受雷达脉冲触发时，均用同一固定频率应答的应答器。6.2.6固定频偏频率捷变雷达信标fixedoffsetfrequencyagileracon在受雷达脉冲触发时，应答频率与询问频率偏移一个固定值的应答器。6.2.7固定时偏频率捷变雷达信标interrogatedtimeoffsetfrequencyagileracon当受雷达脉冲触发时，在延时一固定时间后应答的应答器6.2.8频率捷变应答雷达指向标frequencyagileresponsiveramark一种与导航雷达配合使用的新型助航仪器。它同时兼有频率捷变雷达信标和雷达指向标功能。其应答信号是二者的组合，既有雷达信标的编码信号，又有雷达指向标的指向线信号。6.2.9应答滞后时间responsivedeadtime雷达信标在收到询问脉冲后，能做出回答的最短间隔时间。6.2.10询l’q过饱和over-interrogation因询问脉冲过于集中，以致应答器不能回答的现象。6.2.11应答容量responsivehandlingcapacity单位时间内雷达信标能应答的最大数量。6.2.12应答频率精度responsiveaccuracy频率捷变雷达信标应答信号频率与询问雷达信号频率间的误差大小。6.2.13应答效率responsiveefficiency雷达信标应答次数对于询问次数的百分比。免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-19996.2.14旁瓣抑制sidelobesuppression雷达信标对旁瓣询问的鉴别和抑制回答的技术。6.2.15雷达反射器radarreflector一种具有较强反射能力，向平行于入射方向反射雷达波的无源设备。6.3陆荃导航系统6.3.1罗兰一ALoran-A一种中程、中频、脉冲时差双曲线无线电导航系统。其工作频率为1.75-1.95MHz，作用距离为400nmile，定位精度为Inmile,6.3.2罗兰一CLoran-C一种远程、低频、脉冲相位差双曲线无线电导航系统。其工作频率为100kHz，作用距离为1。。。nmile，地波精度为传播距离的0.1%o6.3.3奥米加Omega一种超远程、甚低频、相位差双曲线导航系统。其工作频率为10-y14kHz，定位精度为1^-2nmile,6.3.4无线电指向标radiobeacon工作频率为283.5-325kHz的无线电测向系统，又称无线电信标。6.4星墓导航系统6.4.1卫星导航系统satellitenavigationsystem利用人造地球卫星进行导航的系统。6.4.2海军导航卫星系统navynavigationsatellitesystem-NNSS一种近地轨道、多普勒卫星导航系统，原称子午仪导航系统。6.4.3全球定位系统globalpositioningsystem-GPS利用多颗高轨道卫星，依据距离和距离变化率的测量来确定运载体位置和速度等参数的无线电导航系统，又称GPS,6.4.4差分全球定位系统differentialGPS使用差分接收技术提高GPS定位精度的系统，又称DGPS,6-4.5无线电指向标差分全球定位系统RBN/DGPS利用无线电指向标频率资源作为差分数据链，进行DGPS服务的系统.其工作频段为283-5-325kHz.6.4.6全球导航卫星系统globalnavigationsatellitesystem-GLONASS前苏联研制的，其工作原理、组成与GPS相似的一种卫星导航系统。6.5航标遥测遥控6.5.1航标遥测遥控系统aidsremotemonitoringsystem将航标设备的状态信息通过现代自动控制、计算机、通信技术，实时(或迅速)反映到控制中心，达到对航标设备的遥测遥控目的的系统。6.5.2遥测平台remoteunit一种由单片机为核心组成的智能化仪器。它通过接口与航标设备连接，主要完成以下工作:通过传感器完成对航标设备的状态检测;A/D,D/A转换;信息编码;调制解调;有无线发送接收等。6.5.3遥k9中继站remoterelaystation完成遥测信息中继功能的站点。一般在遥测平台距控制中心较远时，用以完成接力通信任务。6.5.4遥测控制中心remotemonitoringcenter遥测遥控信息的汇总、处理、控制中心，即为一个计算机、通信、管理中心。标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)cB/T17765-19997航标管理7.1沿海部分7.1.1航标总体配布设计generalplacementdesignofaidstonavigation根据海区、港湾等水域的自然条件和航道尺度，为活动于上述水域的各类船舶航行安全和定位提供助航条件，对该水域进行的布设视觉、音响、无线电航标的系统设计。7.1.2航标综合设计syntheticallydesignofaidstonavigation确定新建航标的地理坐标位置、基础、标身结构、地理和光学视距、灯光高度、灯质、光源、能源、灯器种类、音响和无线电航标设施等内容的第一步设计工作。综合设计经批准后，即可进行土木、光源、能源、灯器、无线电等各项局部的单项专业设计。7.1.3航标维护质fmaintenancequalityofaidstonavigation航标管理部门通过维护手段使航标达到标准所要求的正常工作状态的程度。7.1.4航标维护量amountofaidstonavigationmaintenance航标设置数量与其维护天数之积，单位为“座天”，是衡量航标维护工作量的指标。7.1.5航标正常率normalrateofaidstonavigation一个区域内保持正常的航标座天数与航标维护总座夭数的比率，是衡量航标维护质量的主要指标。7.1.6航标维护正常率normalrateofaidsmaintained一个区域内航标维护总座天数减去未能在规定时间内恢复正常的航标事故座天数与航标维护,L"座天数的比率。7.1.7航海通告noticetomariners将海区、港湾的航道、航标变动情况以及水上工程施工、航行规则、航行注意事项等信息迅速以书面形式通告航行船舶和有关单位的文件，又称航行通告。7.1.8无线电航行替告navigationradiowarning通过海岸电台用无线电手段，及时迅速将航道变化、新设或调整航标等重要信息通告在航船舶的航行警告。7.1.9航标表listoflights供航海人员使用的设置在各个水域的航标汇总表。表中包括每一处航标的编号、标名、地理位置、灯质、标身颜色、结构等特征以及建造年月等内容。7.1.10导航表listofradioaids供航海人员使用的设置在沿海和港湾的无线电导航设施汇总表。7.1.11航标设置aidsestablished航标在海区、港湾的首次布设。7.1.12航标变动aidstonavigationamendments因航道、浅滩、水下障碍物的变化以及船舶航行的需要和其他原因而更改原设置航标的位置、灯质、射程等要素的情况。7.1.12.1航标撤除aidstonavigationwithdrawal对已不起助航作用的航标的撤消或关闭。7.1.12.2航标移位aidsmoved因航道变化等情况而对航标位置的调整。7.1.12.3灯质改变characteristicoflightamended根据需要对某一航标灯光特征的改变。7.1.13航标失常aidsdiscrepancy,failureofaids免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-1999指某座航标不能显示其航标表中(或航海通告中)所述特征的状态。7.1.13.1浮标离位buoyoutofposition浮标漂离其正常位置的现象。7.1.13.2浮标失踪buoymissing浮标受外来影响或责任事故造成浮标沉没或漂离原位并在原位附近不见其踪迹的现象。7.1.13.3灯光失常failureoflight航标灯光不符合公布的灯质的状态。7.1.13.4灯光熄灭lightextinguished航标灯光因受外来影响或补给检修方面的责任原因而发生熄灭的现象。7.1.14航标恢复正常aidsdiscrepancycorrected航标失常后通过检查、校正、修复、换新后使其恢复正常状态的情况。7.1.14.1恢复发光lightcorrected抢修灯光熄灭的航标，使其恢复到正常发光状态的情况。7.1.14.2浮标复位buoy"spositioncorrected将漂离原位的浮标移正至原设置位置的情况。7.1.15航标补给检查lightstendingandinspection航标维护单位为保证航标处于正常工作状态，按规定定期对各类航标进行检查、维修、补给、更新的工作。7.1.16航标作业计划productionplanofaids,aidstonavigationoperationschedule根据航标作业规定，航标管理部门定期或临时制订的航标维修补给或更新的工作计划。7.1.17航标巡检aidsinspection巡逻检查辖区内航标的工作。7.1.18航标巡检里程tripmileageoflightsinspection航标工作船出航巡逻检查航标的往返航行里程。7.1.19设标里程mileageofaidstonavigationestablishments在海区，根据所设置(检修)的航标，测量出的自航标基地至该标的实际航行直线距离，单位为nmile,7.1.20航标工作船lightstender,buoytender执行航标设置、移动、更换、撤除等作业以及补给维修、保养等作业的专业船舶。了.2内河部分7.2.1通行信号台trafficcontrolsignalstation揭示通行信号标的信号及其维护任务的台站。7.2.2雾信号台fogsignalstation在雾情多发河段设置的观察与揭示雾情的台站。7.2.3航道尺度channeldimension航道水深、宽度和弯曲半径的总称。7.2.3.1航道水深channeldepth航道范围内从水面到底部的垂直距离。就局部区段而言，通常指航道内最浅处从水面到底部的垂直距离。7.2-3.2航道宽度channelwidth垂直于航道中心线的航道两边线之间的水平距离。就局部区段而言，通常指航道最窄处的水平距离。7.2.3.3航道弯曲半径curvatureradiusofchannel标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)cs/T17765-1999弯曲航道中心线的圆弧半径。就局部区段而言，通常指航道中心线上最小的圆弧半径。7.2.4航道标准尺度standarddimensionofchannel为保证标准船舶或船队正常通航，航道所必须具有的最小水深、宽度与弯曲半径。7.2.5航道最小水深leastwater航道范围内最浅处从水面到底部的垂直距离。7.2.6设标水深buoyingdepth根据不同水位时期对水深的要求，航标所标示的航道范围内应有的最小水深。7.2.7航道图channelchart反映航道及有关陆域的地形、地物、地貌及助航标志的测量图。7.2.8航标配布图layoutchartofaids根据航道条件和航道尺度的要求，按照国家标准所规定的航标配布原则，标明航标位置、航标灯质、设标水位等内容的航道图籍。7.2.9航行图navigationchart包括航道图内容以及与航行有关的文字材料，供船舶在内河航行使用的图籍。7.2.10航道通告noticetomariners内河航道部门发布的有关航道变化、航标异动及其他航道情况的文告。7.2.11航行指南sailingdirection向船舶和有关单位通告航行办法及航行往意事项的指导性文件。7.2.12航标配布类别kindsofM&.layout根据航道条件与运输需要，对发光航标和不发光航标的布设范围及设标密度的控制等间题所做的分类。7.2.13设标密度densityofaidsallocation在一个河段上，平均每公里设置航标的数量。7.2.14最小安全航行距离minimumsafesailingdistance船舶循航标航行时与浮标或岸标标位处水深线需保持的最小间距。免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999附录A(提示的附录)中文索引导标有效作用距离·····················⋯⋯4.9.7导标垂直角····························⋯⋯4.9.n安全水域标志4.6.27导航作用距离·····························⋯⋯6.1.6岸标······⋯⋯3.1.8导航误差····································⋯⋯6.1.7奥米加···⋯⋯6.3.3导航表·········”·························⋯⋯7.1.10灯光中心高度····························⋯⋯4.1.6灯光射程····”··········”···············⋯⋯4.1.18包容角·⋯⋯⋯4.1。7灯光性质··，·····················，.····⋯⋯4.5.10北方位标·⋯4.6.25.1灯光节奏···”···························⋯⋯4.5.n备用设备·⋯·3.1.14灯光周期·“···························⋯⋯4.5.12备用灯···⋯⋯:4.5.3灯光失常···”··························。·⋯7.1.13.3笔形光束·⋯·4.1.10灯光熄灭····························”⋯⋯7.1.13.4标称灯光射程.4.1.19灯泡达白炽时间··············‘··········⋯⋯4.3.3标身垂直角·.4.9.12灯泡变暗时间················“·····‘····⋯⋯4.3.4标身高度·⋯·4.9.15灯泡额定寿命”··························⋯⋯4.3.5灯泡有效寿命···················“·········⋯⋯4.3.6灯浮标⋯”·”·························“·⋯⋯3.1.10侧面标志··············”··”···········⋯⋯4.6.20灯笼······”····”·················”·········⋯⋯4.4.1测速标··································⋯⋯4.6.28灯壳···”·“·“·······························⋯⋯4.4.2侧面标········································一4.7.6灯船·········“······················，······⋯⋯4.6.2差分定位····················..···········⋯⋯6.1.18灯桩···············”·························⋯⋯4.6.5差分全球定位系统·········“·············一6.4.4灯塔·········“··‘···················“······⋯⋯4.6.7长闪光·······················“·········⋯⋯4.5.21灯架·········”·”··········”················⋯⋯4.8.2超快闪光·······‘···············”······⋯⋯4.5.30灯质改变·””················”······⋯⋯7.1.12.3潮灯·······································⋯⋯4.5.8等明暗光“·······························⋯⋯4.5.18沉锤·························，.···········“·⋯4.8.13等精度曲线····”·········“··················一6.1.8垂直散射角······························⋯⋯4.1.12低音雾笛“······，·················，······⋯⋯5.2.6.1地理视距···“·························一4.1.17地链···································⋯⋯4.8.12.3大气透射率·⋯⋯4.1.14电闪灯·······································⋯⋯4.3.7大型助航浮标⋯⋯4.6.3顶标······································⋯⋯4.8.61520单顿光‘二““‘’‘”’定线制·······································⋯⋯3.2.3单闪光·······⋯⋯:一:一定光·········，····························⋯⋯4.5.13导标·········⋯⋯“.4.9.1定闪光·······。·······················。····⋯⋯4.5.33导标间距······⋯⋯4.9.2东方位标······························⋯⋯4.6.25.2导标轴线·····⋯⋯4.9.3短捷航道······························⋯⋯3.2.21.2导标最远作用距离4.9.4短链节·...................··········⋯⋯4.8.12.2导标最近作用距离4.9.5对焦·...........................................⋯4.1.5标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999对焦仪4.4.4光轴·························。········。········。·⋯4.1.1顿光·4.5.14过河航道·································⋯⋯3.2.24过河标······································⋯⋯4.7.2过渡导标····································⋯⋯4.7.4发光设备支座······························⋯⋯4.4.3反射镜································“····⋯⋯4.2.3泛滥标·····································”·⋯4.7.9海上浮标制式······························⋯⋯3.2.1方位标志·································⋯⋯4.6.25海区航道左侧、右侧····················⋯⋯3.2.17菲涅耳剖面···············，.················⋯⋯4.1.9海洋资料浮标··························⋯⋯4.6.17菲涅耳透镜”·······························⋯⋯4.2.6海军导航卫星系统·······。·················。·⋯6.4.2分道通航制···························⋯⋯3.2.8航标可靠性·····························⋯⋯3.1.12分隔带仁线」·································⋯⋯3.2.9航标可用性······························⋯⋯3.1.13峰值包络功率······················价·⋯⋯6.1.n航标背景····················。············⋯⋯3.1.16浮动标志··································⋯⋯3.1.6航标遥测遥控系统························⋯⋯6.5.1浮标··········································⋯⋯3.1.9航标总体配布设计························⋯⋯7.1.1浮标形状································⋯⋯3.1.17航标综合设计······························⋯⋯7.1.2浮标回旋半径··························⋯⋯3.1.18航标维护质量·····························⋯⋯7.1.3浮标系旋方法·······················。···⋯⋯3.1.19航标维护量·································⋯⋯7.1.4浮标最小干舷·····················、···，.···⋯⋯4.8.7航标正常率································⋯⋯7.1.5浮标总倾斜角·····························⋯⋯4.8.8航标维护正常率···························⋯⋯7.1.6浮标摇摆周期·····························⋯⋯4.8.9航标表····························‘··········⋯⋯7.1.9浮标最大摇摆角······················⋯⋯4.8.10航标设置·································⋯⋯7.1.11浮标锚链·································⋯⋯4.8.12航标变动·································⋯⋯7.1.12浮标离位·····························⋯⋯7.1.13.1航标撤除····························⋯⋯7.1.12.1浮标失踪····························⋯⋯7.1.13.2航标移位······························⋯⋯7.1.12.2浮标复位··⋯‘”·····················⋯⋯7.1.14.2航标失常·············。···················⋯⋯7.1.13浮体·········································⋯⋯4.8.1航标恢复正常·························⋯⋯7.1.14辅助灯·······································⋯⋯4.5.2航标补给检查···························⋯⋯7.1.15副台·········“·········”··············⋯⋯6.1.15航标作业计划···························⋯⋯7.1.16副台固定延时···························⋯⋯6.1.16航标巡检·································⋯⋯7.1.17航标巡检里程··························⋯⋯7.1.18航标工作船····。·······················⋯⋯7.1.20杆形浮标······························，.⋯⋯4.6.13航标配布图·································⋯⋯7.2.8高焦面浮标······························⋯⋯4.6.14航标配布类别·························，·⋯⋯7.2.12高音雾笛······“·························⋯⋯5.2.6.2航道··········································⋯⋯3.2.4孤立危险物标志······················⋯⋯4.6.26航道走向·······。·············。·············⋯⋯3.2.7鼓形透镜·································⋯⋯4.2.10航道分岔处······························⋯⋯3.2.19固定标志··································⋯⋯3.1.7航道汇合处······························⋯⋯3.2.20固定透镜····································⋯⋯4.2.9航道界限·································⋯⋯3.2.32固定频率雷达信标·······················⋯⋯6.2.5航道尺度···································⋯⋯7.2.3固定频偏频率捷变雷达信标············⋯⋯6.2.6航道水深·································⋯⋯7.2.3.1固定时偏频率捷变雷达信标···········⋯⋯6.2.7航道宽度·································⋯⋯7.2.3.2罐形浮标····，.····”···”···················⋯⋯4.6.9航道弯曲半径···················。·······。·⋯7.2.3.3免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999航道标准尺度······························⋯⋯7.2.4航道最小水深······························⋯⋯7.2.5航道图·······································⋯⋯7.2.7快闪光4.5.24航道通告·································⋯⋯7.2.10航行标志··········‘·························⋯⋯4.7.1航行图·······································⋯⋯7.2.9雷达指向标⋯⋯6.2.1航行指南·································⋯⋯7.2.11雷达应答器··一6.2.2航海通告····························。······⋯⋯7.1.7雷达反射器·⋯6.2.15河流左岸、右岸···························⋯⋯3.2.16棱镜····⋯⋯，.⋯4.2.2河心航道·································⋯⋯3.2.26棱镜透镜···⋯⋯4.2.8横带·······································⋯⋯4.6.18立标······..⋯⋯4.6.4横流标·································⋯⋯4.7.11.5联顿光····⋯⋯4.5.16后标·······································⋯⋯4.9.1.2联闪光····⋯⋯4.5.22后标标顶高程···························⋯⋯4.9.14联快闪光·⋯⋯4.5.26弧形遮光板····························。·⋯⋯4.4.7.2联甚快闪光·⋯4.5.29互光·............................................4.5.34连续快闪光·⋯4.5.25环行航道·································⋯⋯3.2.n连续甚快闪光·4.5.28缓流航道······························⋯⋯3.2.21.1连续超快闪光·4.5.31换泡器·······································⋯⋯4.4.5连接卸扣·⋯⋯4.8.15恢复发光······························⋯⋯7.1.14.1亮度对比度·⋯4.1.21况即混合联顿光····························⋯⋯”4.5.17亮度对比度阂值混合联闪光······························⋯⋯4.5.23罗经校正标·⋯:‘;一活节式灯桩································⋯⋯4.6.8罗兰一A罗兰一C:.:‘:基线··········································⋯⋯6.1.9基线延长线······························⋯⋯6.1.10马鞍链································⋯⋯4.8.12.1季节性航标·································⋯⋯3.1.5鸣笛标································⋯⋯4.7.11.2季节性航道······························⋯⋯3.2.28磨光透镜··············。·················⋯⋯4.4.11季节灯·······································⋯⋯4.5.7莫尔斯灯光······························⋯⋯4.5.32焦点·········································⋯⋯4.1.2末端卸扣·································⋯⋯4.8.16焦面··········································⋯⋯4.1.3焦距·······························。········‘·⋯⋯4.1.4焦散域·······································⋯⋯4.1.8南方位标·························，····⋯⋯4.6.25.3节奏光的有效光强·······。·············⋯⋯4.1.23内河航标制式······························⋯⋯3.2.2节制闸标······························⋯⋯4.7.11.6内河航道左侧、右侧·····，···············⋯⋯3.2.18界限标·································⋯⋯4.7.11.3牛眼透镜····································。··⋯4.2.7进港航道·································⋯⋯3.2.22经济航道····························。···一3.2.21警戒航行区······························⋯⋯3.2.13旁瓣抑制······················。··········⋯⋯6.2.14径向遮光板······························⋯⋯4.4.7.3抛物面反射镜······························⋯⋯4.2.4频率捷变雷达信标························⋯⋯6.2.4频率捷变应答雷达指向标···············⋯⋯6.2.8标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-1999平衡锤4.8.4双曲线格网································.⋯⋯6.1.4平衡架4.8.11双曲线定位······················。··········⋯⋯6.1.5双曲线格网海图·······················⋯⋯6.1.17水平散射角······························⋯⋯4.1.13前标·····································⋯⋯、·4.9.1.1水平能见度······························⋯⋯4.1.15前标标顶高程··························⋯⋯4.9.13水深信号标················。············一4.7.11.4浅滩河段································⋯⋯3.2.29桥区航道·································⋯⋯3.2.27桥梁标志································⋯⋯，’·4.6.1台对·······································⋯⋯6.1.12桥涵标··································⋯⋯4.7.10台链·······································⋯⋯6.1.13球面反射镜·····························⋯⋯4.2.5特定航道·································⋯⋯3.2.14球形浮标·································⋯⋯4.6.12通航净空····。·······························⋯⋯3.2.5全球定位系统···············”·“··“······⋯⋯6.4.3通航净高··········。···················。·⋯⋯3.2.5.1全球导航卫星系统············“······⋯⋯6.4.6通航净宽································⋯⋯3.2.5.2通航分道·································⋯⋯3.2.10通航控制河段··························⋯⋯3.2.30日光开关············”··“·”···············“·⋯4.4.8通行信号标···························⋯⋯4.7.11.1日标·······························，.········”一4.6.6通行信号台································⋯⋯7.2.1容许偏离量································”一4.9.8同步灯·······································⋯⋯4.5.5肉眼分辨角·······························⋯⋯4.9.6透镜··········································⋯⋯4.2.1推荐航道·············。······⋯⋯”。····⋯⋯3.2.15推荐航道左侧标····。·············。····⋯⋯4.6.23三眼环.·..⋯⋯4.8.17推荐航道右侧标························⋯⋯4.6.24扫频雷达应答器6.2.3色泡·····..·.⋯⋯4.3.2闪光器······⋯⋯4.4.6望板·······································⋯⋯4.8.5闪光···.·..⋯⋯4.5.19尾管········“······························⋯⋯4.8.3扇形光束·⋯⋯4.1.11卫星导航系统······························⋯⋯6.4.1扇形光....⋯⋯4.5.35无线电航标·································⋯⋯3.1.4哨浮标···.⋯⋯4.6.16无线电测定······，.························⋯⋯6.1.1设计偏离量··一4.9.9无线电导航·································⋯⋯6.1.2设标里程·⋯⋯7.1.19无线电定位································⋯⋯6.1.3设标水深··⋯⋯7.2.6无线电指向标······························⋯⋯6.3.4设标密度·⋯⋯7.2.13无线电指向标差分全球定位系统······⋯⋯6.4.5深乱线....⋯⋯3.2.23无线电航行警告···························⋯⋯7.1.8深槽河段·⋯⋯3.2.31雾警信号····································⋯⋯5.1.2甚快闪光·⋯⋯4.5.27雾号发声器··········。··············。·······⋯⋯5.2.1视觉航标···⋯⋯3.1.2雾钟·········································⋯⋯5.2.2视距··⋯，.⋯⋯4.1.16雾警设备···································⋯⋯5.23视觉偏离量一4.9.10雾炮··········································⋯⋯5.2.4示位标······⋯⋯4.7.8雾哨··········································⋯⋯5.2.5首尾导标··⋯⋯4.7.5雾笛······················，···.··············⋯⋯5.2.6竖条··..·..⋯⋯4.6.19雾信号台，.............................·····⋯⋯7.2.2免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)cs/T17765-1999应答频率精度6.2.12x应答效率·⋯6.2.13西方位标······························⋯⋯4.6.25.4有色透镜·⋯4.4.12新危险物···························”.·⋯⋯3.1.20右侧标·⋯⋯4.6.22信号标志············”···················⋯⋯4.7.11渔灯··...⋯⋯4.5.9旋转式遮光罩···························⋯⋯4.4.7.1原光源·“⋯⋯4.3.1旋转环··································⋯⋯4.8.14询问过饱和······························⋯⋯6.2.10照度阑值··················”·····”·····”⋯4.1.20Y遮光屏···································⋯⋯4.4.7压制透镜···································⋯⋯4.4.9钟浮标··············”·············”···⋯⋯4.6.15沿岸通航带························⋯⋯‘二3.2:12昼灯······················”················⋯⋯4.5.6沿岸航道·····················”·“·······⋯⋯3.2.25主航道“·············”····“················，.⋯3.26沿岸标·······································””·4.7.3主灯········，··················”···········⋯⋯4.5.1颜色滤光器······························⋯⋯4.2.11主台···、·”······························⋯⋯6.1.14遥测平台··································⋯⋯6.5.2助航标志·····················，.·······“···⋯⋯3.1.1遥测中继站·································”·⋯&5.3注塑透镜··················”·····”··.··.⋯⋯4.4.10遥测控制中心········，····················⋯⋯6.5.4柱形浮标···”···························⋯⋯4.6.11音响航标··············，··················⋯⋯3.1.3专用标志”························“····⋯⋯3.1.11音响信号··············，····················⋯⋯5.1.1锥形浮标·......................................4.6.10应急设备································⋯⋯3.1.15最小安全航行距离·········”····”····⋯⋯7.2.14应急灯·····································。·⋯⋯4.5.4左侧标···”·······························⋯⋯4.6.21应答滞后时间·····························⋯⋯6.2.9左右通航标····················，···········⋯⋯4.7.7应答容量··································一6.2.n附录B(提示的附录)英文索引Aaidstonavigation...................................................................................................3.1.1aidstonavigationsystemoninlandwaterway···········⋯⋯.”·“···········”·············”·⋯⋯3.2.2aidsremotemonitoringsystem·········································”·····························⋯⋯6.5.1aidsestablished······.·⋯⋯。··⋯。..⋯。·....·.··....·····.··.·······⋯⋯‘⋯“.···.·····················⋯⋯7.1.11aidstonavigationamendments················。·⋯‘二‘二’二‘二’二‘················⋯⋯’二’二’二’二’二’二7.1.12aidstonavigationwithdrawal·································································“······一7.1.12.1aidsmoved··············，·········，，···‘·····、·····“·······”··，·，，··，.·，“，’··········⋯⋯7.1.12.2aidsdiscrepancy,failureofaids·······································⋯⋯‘·‘·················”·····“⋯7.1.13aidsdiscrepancycorrected·········································“························..·········⋯⋯7.1.14aidsinspection···········································································⋯⋯“·······..⋯⋯7.1.17alternatelight·····························································································⋯⋯4.5.34amountofaidstonavigationmaintenance·····“··················································⋯⋯7.1.4标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)cB/z17765-1999诬11口angleofverticaldivergence‘…1…1‘通1lqangleofhorizontaldivergence·L1lU，0q几U‘‘乙approachchannel左18areaoffocaldivergenceL.1;414atmospherictransmissivity.1.1几J1卜jaudibleaids:工:﹄1l3工laudiblesignalavailabilityofaidstonavigation3.1axisoftheleadingmarks4.91.3Bbackgroundofmark”··································”···········································⋯⋯3.1.16balancerack·······“························“······”·····················“·······”··················⋯⋯4.8.11ballast······”···”························································································⋯⋯4.8.4bankwisechannel··························”··················“·································”·⋯⋯3.2.25bankwisemark”···································”······，··············“·”····”···················“···一4.7.3basehne.·······································································································⋯⋯6.1.9baselineextension····”········”·”···················一，.”···················“··········⋯⋯6.1.10bellbuoy·············“····”·················，.················”·”··········“·····“·”········⋯⋯4.6.15bifurcation··············································”····························“·····⋯⋯3.2.19bridge-crossingchannel······························”··························”····”··················一3.2.27bridgemark···············.·················································，.·“···”······················⋯⋯4.6.1bridgeopeningmark···············”·········”············“·····，.····，····················⋯⋯4.7.10bridlechain，.·····························································.···········”······⋯⋯4.8.12.1bullseyelens················，”·········”······”，········，，·············”·····””，··，··，，···，········”·⋯4.2.7buoy··············”···········.··················”·····························”·························⋯⋯3.1.9buoyshapes··························“··········“·············.····“·····”“···················“·······“⋯3.1.17buoymooringmethod··········“····”····”····”·····“···········””·········”·············⋯⋯3.1.19buoybody·················“···”····”··························”··························“···⋯⋯4.8.1buoychain······”···············”············，································.·······”······，·········⋯⋯4.8.12buoyoutofposition············“····“·································“····························”⋯7.1.13.1buoymissing”······························”············”·························”·············⋯⋯7.1.13.2buoyantbeacon,resilientbeacon,articulatedbeacon···，············································⋯⋯4.6.8buoyingdepth·············”····································”·······”······························”⋯7.2.6buoy"spositioncorrected········································································“·⋯⋯7.1.14.2Ccanbuoy,cylindricalbuoy·······························································“············⋯⋯4.6.9cardinalmarks··········································································”····“·······⋯⋯4.6.25catandpolishedlens·········································”····”··································⋯⋯4.4.11chain..................................................................................................................6.1.13channeldimension···················································································⋯⋯7.2.3channeldepth················································“·····································⋯⋯7.2.3.126免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-1999channelw记th“··””····”····”····”·····························“················”·”·”·”··⋯7.2.3.2channelchart····························“····“···············”················“·“··············⋯⋯7.2.7characteristicoflight···“·“····“·········”·”····”························”····”·”····”····”··“··⋯4.5.10characteristicoflightamended“·····“·”········”·”······················”··············”·⋯⋯‘7.1.12.3colorfilter·············”··””···········································································”·⋯4.2.11colorlamp····””··”····”···································“····“·“······················”····“··⋯⋯4.3.2colorlens··········“······“···“····“····”····”··”···”·······························”·”····”·”·····”一4.4.12compositegroup-occultinglight······································································⋯⋯4.5.17compositegroup-flashinglight················“···········”·”····“······”·”····“····“·”..·.⋯⋯4.5.23concessionaldeviationcapacity······························································..·..·..·..·.⋯⋯4.9.8conicalbuoy··········“···“····“··············”··”···················”·········”····”·············⋯⋯4.6.10continuousquickflashinglight........................""";..................................................4.5.25continuousveryquickflashinglight···”····”··············································⋯⋯4.5.28continuousultraquickflashinglight···············“··”···”····“·“····“·······“········..·.⋯⋯4.5.31contoursofconstantgeometricaccuracy······························································⋯⋯6.1.8conventionaldirectionofbuoyage“····“··········””········”···”·······”····”···········”··⋯⋯3.2.7crosscurrentmark······“···“····“····“··········”···”··········································⋯⋯4.7.11.5crossingchannel··············“····”····“·········”··”···”········”···”····”·······················一3.2.24crossingmark·········”·······················“····“······“···“·“·········“····“····”··”···”····”一4.7.2curvatureradiusofchannel········“····················································⋯⋯7.2.3.3Ddaymark······“····“···························································“·········“···⋯⋯4.6.6daytimelight···································································································⋯⋯4.5.6deeppoolsection·····”·······“·····”·························································“·····一3.2.31densityofaidsallocation····”····”··············································“··········”一7.2.13depthsignalmark·························“·········“·······“····“············”·””·····⋯⋯4.7.11.4designdeviationcapacity······································“······“····“·········“····”·”·······⋯⋯4.9.9diaphone·”···························································“·····“···············”······⋯⋯5.2.6.1differentialpositioning···········“····“·········“····”·”····································⋯⋯6.1.18differentialGPS··········“····“····”···········································“······”···“··⋯6.4.4drumlens”·····························⋯⋯。二“。。“⋯“。。.⋯。“。二。”。。.。”。⋯”。:.”·⋯”··⋯⋯4.2.10eastcardinalmark·······················································”·························⋯⋯4.6.25.2economicroute二。。.·⋯”·······················⋯⋯。·⋯。..。⋯“.⋯“。。⋯。。·⋯。·⋯”⋯”·⋯⋯3.2.21effectiveintensityofrhythmiclight····················“····“·········”·············”········一4.1.23electricflashinglight·······················································”························⋯⋯4.3.7emergencyapparatus.“.··.........⋯⋯”“二‘”.··....··....··......·..·..···..····..·.⋯⋯“.⋯“.⋯⋯3.1.15emergencylight················“·······“·············”····”····”·····················“·········”·⋯4.5.4endshackle·······················““····“·····················································“····”·⋯⋯4.8.16eye-plate······································································································⋯⋯4.8.1727标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/T17765-1999Ffailureoflight·。······················································································，···⋯⋯7.1.13.3fanbeam············。···························。。·。·························································。。二4.1.11fishinglight·······················································································。·········⋯⋯4.5.9fixedmark························，············。····························································⋯⋯，3.1.7fixedlens。····························································································。·······⋯⋯4.2.9fixedlight···································································································⋯⋯4.5.13fixedandflashinglight，’·············································，’················，.，’·4.5.33fixedfrequencyracon·······························。········，··············································⋯⋯6.2.5fixedoffsetfrequencyagileracon·······，·························‘······································⋯⋯6.2.6flasher·················⋯⋯。······································································，·········⋯⋯4.4.6flashinglight····。··························································································⋯⋯4.5.19floatingmark································································································⋯⋯3.1.6floodmark·。·····························································································。····⋯⋯4.7.9focalplane····················，················。·····························································⋯⋯4.1.3focaldistance,focallength························”·······················································⋯⋯4.1.4focus··.·······.······················..·······⋯⋯”⋯⋯”..⋯。.。·.·····················...·········⋯⋯4.1.2focusing······‘···········。······································“··············。···························⋯⋯4.1.5focusingdevice············································”··············································⋯⋯4.4.4fogsignal·····································································································⋯⋯5.1.2fogsignalemitter·····································，·······················································⋯⋯5.2.1fogbell·······································································································⋯⋯5.2.2fogwarningsignalequipment········································································⋯⋯5.2.3foggun..............................................................................................................5.2.4fogwhistle················。····································································，·········⋯⋯5.2.5fogsiren··········。··························································。·······················。·······⋯⋯5.2.6fogsignalstation·······························。····························································⋯⋯7.2.2foreandaftrangemarks··························。·····················································⋯⋯4.7.5frequencyagileracon············································································.··.....·.⋯⋯6.2.4frequencyagileresponsiveramark·”·····································································⋯⋯6.2.8Fresnelprofile......................................................................................................4.1.9Fresnellens·····························，······························”····································⋯⋯4.2.6frontmark··································································································⋯⋯4.9.1.1Ggeneralplacementdesignofaidstonavigation·······················。······························⋯⋯7.1.1geographicalrange··················································································。·······⋯⋯4.1.17globalpositioningsystem-GPS········································································⋯⋯6.4.3globalnavigationsatellitesystem-GLONASS······················································⋯⋯6.4.6groundchain,bottomchain·········。······························································.⋯⋯4.8.12.3group-occultinglight····，··················································································⋯⋯4.5.16group-flashinglight······················································································⋯⋯4.5.2228免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999groupquickflashinglight4.5.26groupveryquicklight4.5.29Hheightoflightcenter·····················································⋯⋯‘二’··············⋯⋯‘··⋯‘二4.1.6heightofmark"sstructure········································································”⋯’二’二4.9.15highfocalplanebuoy················································································⋯⋯4.6.14horizontalbands·······························。······················。·························。··········⋯⋯4.6.18horizontaldistancebetweentheleadingmarks···············“·····································⋯⋯4.9.2hyperboliclattice·····································································，·····················⋯⋯6.1.4hyperbolicpositioning··········································。···················“···················⋯⋯6.1.5hyperbolicIstticechart····················································································一6.1.17Iincandescenttimeofalamp4.3.3inshoretrafficzone3.2.12interrogatedtimeoffsetfrequencyagileracon6.2.7肠18isolateddangermark·······。················⋯⋯isophaselight···························⋯⋯’·’二:一:.Jjoiningshackle4.8.15function3.2.20Kkindsofaidslayout7.2.12Ilampchanger·················································。··········“··········“·····················⋯⋯4.4.5landmark··.···········⋯⋯。二。⋯。······⋯⋯。。·······⋯⋯“。··········⋯⋯。·⋯⋯”···············⋯⋯3.1.8lantern·····················································”·············································⋯⋯4.4.2largenavigationalbuoy····················⋯⋯，’’·······················，·················⋯⋯‘··⋯‘二‘二4.6.3laterallimitofchannel···········。·⋯“···⋯⋯。···············.··。····················.··..············⋯⋯3.2.32lateralmarks......................................................................................................4.6.20lateralmark·····························································································，··⋯4.7.6layoutchartofaids········································。·········································。·······⋯⋯7.2.8leadingmarks,rangemarks,transitmarks····。·······················································⋯⋯4.9.1leastwater············。。······················································································⋯⋯7.2.5leftbank,rightbank··············································。······，·······························⋯⋯3.2.16leftside,rightside·························。···································。·············⋯⋯’二‘二’二’二’二3.2.18lens····..·····.········.·。·······⋯⋯，·················。.········，·····，·.·。·············。····················⋯⋯4.2.1lightvessel,lightship···································，················⋯⋯‘.⋯“··········⋯⋯‘。·‘二’二’二4.6.2lightbeacon······，···························································································⋯⋯4.6.5标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载2勺免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-1999lightrack,buoysuperstructure·····················································”················⋯⋯4.8.2lightextinguished”··············································································⋯⋯7.1.13.4lightcorrected······“······“·“············“······································”···············“⋯7.1.14.1lightedbuoy······················································································“·······“⋯3.1.10lighthouse“·”······”·······”·····””···。·····”·”·”·“·“········““························⋯⋯‘·⋯⋯4.6.7lighthouselantern，.···········································”··⋯’··”····”····“··⋯’二’二’·4.4.1lightstendingandinspection················································”···”····”·“····“·⋯‘“⋯7.1.15lightstender,buoytender“·······“····”··“·············································”·······⋯⋯7.1.20limitmark····”····························································································一4.7.11.3listoflights···································································································⋯⋯7.L9listofradioaids二。二。....................。二。。.。二。。.。二。二。..·..··········.···················⋯⋯。二。二。.⋯“7.1.10long-flashinglight·····················································································⋯⋯，’二4.5.21Loran-A二。.⋯。二“。二。⋯⋯.。二“。。⋯⋯。.⋯。.···················⋯⋯。二”。⋯“。..⋯。“。二。.。⋯6.3.1Loran-C二“.............................................。二。“。二。“。···············.··············⋯⋯”.⋯。:.6.3.2luminancecontrast·.···································⋯⋯.。·⋯⋯。⋯。”。⋯”。二。.。二。.。。...·······⋯⋯4.1.21luminancecontrastthreshold············”··········”·········”·········“··········“···········⋯⋯4.1.22luminousrange·····“·············”····”····”····”·········“····“·”·“····“················一4.1.18Mmainchannel···································⋯⋯”⋯⋯。”·⋯”·⋯”⋯。.⋯。“。.·⋯。··············⋯⋯3.2.6mainlight“·“····”··”····””····”··”···“····“····“····················“··························⋯⋯4.5.1maintenancequalityofaidsnavigation“····“·········“···············，··················”····。·“·“·⋯7.1.3maritimebuoyagesystem················”···”····“····“··”“·”·“····“·····················”···⋯⋯3.2.1marksforcompassadjustment“·················“····“···········································⋯⋯4.6.29masterstation”·······”······”·”····”·.···············“·······”“·“·“··················”······”·⋯6.1.14maximumvacillatingangleofbuoy”····””··””·“··“····“··“·························”······“⋯4.8.10maximumusefulrangeofleadingmarks”··””····”···”·”·”·“··““·“·“··················⋯⋯4.9.4measured-milemark·”······”····”·”·.·······”····”····“····”·······“······················”·”·⋯⋯4.6.28mid-riverchannel...............。二”。”。.。”。”.”。。二”。。二“。“。.”“。。.。“。·⋯。··⋯⋯”。”。。··⋯”。。二3.2.26middlegroundmark,bifurcationmark“························”··””····”····“·······“···⋯⋯4.7.7mileageofaidstonavigationestablishments···“····“··········“··························“··”⋯⋯7.1.19minimumfreeboardofbuoy·””·”····”····”····”“····“······························”·”·······“⋯4.8.7minimumusefulrangeofleadingmarks······························”·“·“······“················⋯⋯4.9.5minimumsafesailingdistance··············································”····”·”··············⋯⋯7.2.14Morsecodelight····················“····································””·”····”·“··············⋯⋯4.5.32Nnakedeyesresolutionangle·············································“·“···········⋯⋯4.9.6nautophone“···········“·······“·“····························································⋯⋯5.2.6.2navigationclearance···········································”··········“·····“·······················⋯⋯3.2.5navigationclearheight················································································⋯⋯3.2.5.1navigationclearwidth·········································································⋯⋯‘··⋯3.2.5.2navigationmark·“···“·······“·······“····························”········”······················⋯⋯4.7.130免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)cB/T17765-1999navigationerror’····················“·········”·························”·······························⋯⋯6.1.7navigationradiowarning···“·“····”······························“·······················“······⋯⋯7.1.8navigationchart·····“···“·”····”········“····“····”·········”·····“····“···············⋯⋯7.2.9navynavigationsatellitesystem-NNSS········”····”············································⋯⋯6.4.2newdangers····”····················“······················“····”·⋯’······················“····“···一3.1.20nigrescencetimeofalamp”··············”“·”····”················“·····························⋯⋯4.3.4nominallifeofalamp···”·”·······”········“···“·”····”···················“···”····”·············⋯⋯4.3.5nominalrange································“························“····”····”··········⋯⋯4.1.19normalrateofaidstonavigation“·······”······················”·············“·······“·“..·..·.⋯⋯7.1.5normalrateofaidstomaintained······””················“····”·····················“····“.⋯⋯7.1.6northcardinalmark“····“·..························”···················、·······”····”··········⋯⋯4.6.25.1noticetomariners········⋯⋯。。““··········⋯⋯“二。“。二。“。··············⋯⋯。。二“。⋯”。。⋯”二。二7.1.7noticetomariners·”········⋯⋯。“。“。。二”。.·····.一“..⋯。”二””.······⋯⋯。。.。“⋯。“。二。”。。””·7.2.10Ooccultinglight············“····················“····”·····················”······················“·⋯⋯4.5.14oceandatabuoy·····“····“·..·············“····“····”············“一，··”···························一4.6.17Omega····“···“····”·············“·”····”················“····”···················“····”····”·······⋯⋯6.3.3operativedistanceofradionavigationaids·””·······“····“····”·············“····“····”··”···⋯⋯6.1.6opticpedestal······”················“····”·”············“····”························“····”········”⋯4.4.3opticalaxis··················“·····················“···”···············································“一4.1.1over-interrogation········”·..·······················”··········“..·一，··”·····················“···一6.2.10pairofstation”·······“····“··”···”·······“····“····”················“····”····”···············“···一6.1.12parabolicreflectingmirror···，.···”··················“··”··················“·········”···········““一4.2.4peakvalueofenvelopepower···”············”·········“····“················“·“··””····”⋯⋯6.1.11pencilbeam···“··”···”·······“····”·”················“····“················“····”·”··””············一4.1.10periodofarhythmiclight··，.····”·”················”···············“····”····”·”·············“··一4.5.12pillarbuoy············“·······“···············”·······················································⋯⋯4.6.11plasticslens······“··“·········“··“···“·”···················”·························，.················⋯⋯4.4.10porthandsideofachannel,starboardhandsideofachannel····································⋯⋯3.2.17porthandmark”····“·····”·······“·“·····”·”·············“····”·············““·”·”·”····”⋯4.6.21positionindicatingmark·········“····“················“····”················”····”·····”··········“⋯⋯4.7.8precautionaryarea···”·········“·······”·············“··········”········“···“····”····”·······”·⋯⋯3.2.13preferredchannel···“······“····”··················”··················”···························“⋯3.2.15preferredchanneltostarboard”··”·········“····“·”··········“·······。····························⋯⋯4.6.23preferredchanneltoport···，··································⋯⋯，‘“··························⋯⋯4.6.24pressedlens··········““··”···································“·························“····“······⋯⋯4.4.9fprimarylightsource············“·”·······”··························································⋯⋯4.3.1prism·········”·”··················“·····················”················“·“··”··················“·⋯⋯4.2.2prismaticlens4.2.8productionplanofaidsIaidstonavigationoperationschedule7.1.16标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载31免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/T17765-7_999Qquickflashinglight4.5.24Rracon·········⋯⋯”·······························.。····················································。。·。。⋯⋯6.2.2radarreflector··⋯⋯。。·······················.······..···.··················································，⋯6.2.15radialscreen·········..························⋯⋯。·⋯⋯“·············································⋯⋯4.4.7.3radioaids·..···················⋯⋯。⋯.⋯。⋯”。·⋯‘····‘············⋯⋯。·⋯。·.···.·············⋯⋯3.1.4radiodetermination···············⋯⋯.。。...····················⋯⋯“········.·.·····················⋯⋯6.1.1radionavigation··········”····”······················“”··················一‘二’二’二’二’·’二’二’·’··⋯⋯6.1.2radiolocation···············⋯.⋯。·⋯⋯“·························.··..··⋯⋯，···············。·······⋯⋯6.1.3radiobeacon·································.···”······················································⋯⋯6.3.4ramark,radarmark···················································································⋯⋯6.2.1RBN/DGPS································”·························“····································⋯⋯6.4.5rearmark······························”二，”·············································“···········⋯⋯4.9.1.2reflectingmirror························”···························“··································⋯⋯4.2.3regulatinglockmark”····························”····”··············································⋯⋯4.7.11.6reliabilityofaidstonavigation······”··············“····”·”········································⋯⋯3.1.12remoteunit·······⋯⋯。.。·······················⋯⋯。二。.”。.。”。二，’··································⋯⋯6.5.2remoterelaystation·············································································-········⋯⋯6.5.3remotemonitoringcenter··········································“·······························⋯⋯6.5.4responsivedeadtime····································“”·············································⋯⋯6.2.9responsivehandlingcapacity·········”·····························，······，.······················⋯⋯6.2.11responsiveaccuracy···············“·”···························“··““·····················”·······⋯⋯6.2.12responsiveefficiency··················⋯⋯，···························，·································⋯⋯6.2.13revolvingscreen···········”········”·························，···“································⋯⋯4.4.7.1rhythmoflight···”·”·”····················································，.···························⋯⋯4.5.11roundabout⋯“⋯⋯。··.··········⋯⋯。“。。二“。..·································⋯⋯。...·...‘⋯。··⋯3.2.11routingsystem············“······································”······································⋯⋯3.2.3Ssafewatermark.......................................................................................····⋯⋯4.6.27sailingdirection···························································································⋯⋯7.2.11satellitenavigationsystem················································································⋯⋯6.4.1screen,blankingscreen···················································································⋯⋯4.4.7seasonalaids·································“·····························································⋯⋯3.1.5seasonalchannel····························································································⋯⋯3.2.28seasonallight·····························································································⋯⋯4.5.7sectorscreen......................................................................................................4.4.7.2sectorlight···································。······································，.·····················⋯⋯4.5.35separationzone[line]·”···················································································⋯⋯3.2."9shoalsection······························································································⋯⋯3.2.2932免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)Gs/"r17765-1999shortchain。······⋯⋯。················.....········⋯⋯。二。..·...⋯⋯4.8.12.2short-cutchannel···....············.·..··············⋯⋯”⋯“········⋯⋯3.2.21.2sidelobesuppression·····..·..·..·..·⋯⋯6.2.14signalmark··············.·..·.··..·..·.⋯⋯.，··············..·..·············..···....····.···········...一4.7.11single-flashinglight卜⋯⋯，二，。。。。.。。.⋯⋯，..⋯。。。。。。。”.o.“⋯⋯。。。。。。二。。。。。“二‘.4.5.20single-occultinglight·················，··⋯，⋯，二，⋯。。。..⋯“⋯，.⋯⋯。。。。“。。。““.⋯，二，。。。二。。。。。。。。..⋯4.5.15sinker。·············........··⋯⋯“···.......⋯⋯.“·········..⋯⋯4.8.13slavestation6.1.15sluggishroute········..·..·............⋯⋯3.2.21.1southcardinalmark4.6.25.3sparbuoy······························.⋯⋯····...············⋯⋯“二“。·········⋯⋯“...········⋯⋯”4.6.13specialmark3.1.11specialchannel.“..⋯，二。。。“。。。。。“.⋯，⋯。。。。。。。。。..。““.”二。二。。。。。。。..。。..⋯3.2.14sphericalreflectingmirror·······.··，·······⋯⋯“.”⋯。···········.·......·········⋯⋯，4.2.5sphericalbuoy··························.⋯⋯······⋯⋯。。”·.·····⋯⋯。..⋯。。·.··········⋯⋯。。·⋯⋯4.6.12standarddimensionofchannel···-⋯⋯··········⋯⋯。。.············，·.⋯。。.·.··········⋯⋯。。·⋯⋯。7.2，4stand-byapparatus········.·····.·..·⋯⋯3.1.14stand-bylight····⋯⋯，·······⋯⋯“·⋯”。..········⋯⋯。。.·······.⋯⋯，4.5.3starboardhandmark....·.............⋯⋯二“⋯”..···········⋯⋯.“.⋯”····⋯⋯“。。..······⋯⋯‘二4，6.22sub-stationfixedtimedelay·········⋯⋯··.················..·⋯⋯“····⋯⋯”..·.···········.·..⋯⋯6.1.16subtenseangle····⋯⋯“············⋯⋯“.·.·······⋯⋯‘.。。.·········⋯⋯4.1.7subsidiarylight··················⋯⋯，·⋯⋯·····.··....·········⋯⋯“.。···········⋯⋯，.。二。···.··⋯⋯“。4.5.2sunswitch····⋯⋯。·⋯。。.⋯。。.。..。，二。.。二··⋯⋯。··········⋯⋯。.·.············⋯⋯。··········⋯⋯。⋯4.4.8sweptfrequencyracon·················⋯⋯6.2.3swingingradius·············..···..·⋯⋯3.1.18swivel··········⋯⋯，.····⋯⋯”⋯“·········⋯⋯。。...·····⋯⋯4.8.14synchronouslight·······················⋯⋯4.5.5syntheticallydesignofaidstonavigation·····⋯⋯。。···········⋯⋯。..········⋯⋯。...····⋯⋯。.⋯⋯7.1.2Ttailtube····..·。······⋯⋯。··.。··············..······⋯⋯“。。..·····⋯⋯。·⋯。····⋯⋯。...·······⋯⋯4.8.3thalweg···································································································⋯⋯3.2.23thresholdofilluminance················································..·······················⋯⋯4.1.20tidallight····························。·········································································⋯⋯4.5.8topaltitudeoffrontmark·················································································⋯⋯4.9.13topaltitudeofrearmark·················································································⋯⋯4.9.14topmarks····································································································⋯⋯4.8.6totalincliningangleofbuoy··································································⋯⋯’二’二4.8.8trafficseparationscheme··································································⋯⋯”········⋯⋯3.2.8trafficlane···············..················.···········⋯⋯。···········⋯⋯。...····⋯⋯。..···········.·⋯⋯3.2.10trafficcontrolsection····..··············.············..·········⋯⋯。...···········......····⋯⋯。:3.2.30trafficcontrolmark···············.·····························..········⋯⋯。..··········⋯⋯4.7.11.1trafficcontrolsignalstation·································································“············一7.2.1标准分享网www.bzfxw.com免费下载33免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载 免费标准网(www.freebz.net)GB/"c17765-1999transitionrangemarks4.7.4tripmileageoflightsinspection7.1.18Uultraquickflashinglight·⋯4.5.30unlightedbeacon········⋯⋯4.6.4usefullifeofalamp······⋯⋯4.3.6usefulrangeofleadingmarks4.9.7Vvacillatingperiodofbuoy..................................................................................·一4.8.9verticalstripes·································。·······················································⋯⋯4.6.19verticalangleofleadingmarks··“·”·“·“·”·”·“···”···”······”······“··············”··⋯4.9.11verticalangleofstructure·”···················”····························，···························⋯⋯4.9.12veryquickflashinglight·········································”···························一‘二’··⋯⋯4.5.27visibility···············································································”···················⋯⋯4.1.15visiondeviationcapacity················································································⋯⋯4.9.10visualaids“，.·”·“·········”·⋯⋯.。.····“:.”。”·”二”:.”··”·。············.····”·”··········⋯⋯3.1.2visualrange”·“·”····“·······“····“·”·“·”·”···”·······“··.··········”···“·，.··””·········⋯⋯4.1.16Wwaterway,navigationchannel····”···”··””·······”····“·“··””········”····················”⋯⋯3.2.4westcardinalmark二。...................................。二。.。二。二”。。⋯“⋯⋯”。。二“··⋯””。.·⋯⋯4.6.25.4whistlebuoy⋯“·······”····.·······“···········“·.··········.····”············“·.··········⋯⋯4.6.16whistlingmark”·················“············“·“········“·“·”··············”····“·······“·⋯4.7.11.2wingplate,batwing。··“·········。···“·······。···”·········“·“·“。”····“·····”，.···················一4.8.534免费标准网(www.freebz.net)无需注册即可下载'