英汉管道工程技术词汇-测绘工程 30页

通综-L03第二十章工程测绘A,aabruptslope陡坡abscissa横坐标abscissaaxis横坐标轴absoluteaccuracy,absoluteprecision绝对精度absolutealtitude绝对高度absoluteflyingheight绝对航高abutment桥墩accumulationoferror累积误差accuracyassessment精度评估，精度检验accuracyforhorizontalcontrol平面控制精度accuracyofangle角度精度accuracyofnetwork控制网精度accuracyofranging测距精度accuracyrectification精纠正acousticsounder回声测声器，回声探测器actualarea实际面积，有效面积actualdistance实际距离adit(entrance)ofthetunnel隧道入口adjacentflightline相邻航线adjustedvalue平差值adjustment平差，校正adjustmentofobservations测量平差adjustmentoftraverse导线平差\n通综-L03aerialdigitalcamera航空数码相机aerialimage航空影像aerialphotogrammetry航空摄影测量学aerialstripsurvey航线测量aerialtopographicmap航测地形图aerialtriangulation空中三角测量aerialtriangulationblock空中三角测量模型affinerectification仿射纠正aidtonavigation航标airbase航摄基线airbornelasermapping机载激光测图alignmentsheet线路图alignmentsurvey定线测量almanac历书，概略星历atlasinformationsystem地图集信息系统altimeter测高仪altimetricpoint高程点altitude高度，地平维度altitudeangle高度角altitudecorrection高度改正analogaerotriangulation模拟空中三角测量analyticalaerialtriangulation解析空中三角测量analyticalplotter解析测图仪angleclosingerroroftraverse导线角度闭合差angleofdeviation偏角，磁偏角angleofdrift航偏角angularordistanceintersection角度距离交会annotation调绘；注记\n通综-L03antenna接收机天线antennaphasecenter天线相位中心anti-jamming抗干扰approximatecoordinates近似坐标architecturalplan建筑平面图areasymbol面状符号artificialearthsatellite人造地球卫星as-builtsurvey竣工测量aspectofprojection投影中心assumedcoordinatesystem假定坐标系astrogeodeticnetwork天文大地网atlas地图集atmosphericcorrection大气改正attitude姿态attitudeparameter姿态参数attributedata属性数据automatedcartographicsystem自动制图系统averageerror平均误差averageerrorinaltitude高度平均误差averageerrorinposition位置平均误差azimuth方位角azimuthofphotograph像片方位角B,bbacksight(BS)后视basepoint基点basestation基准站\n通综-L03base-heightratio基高比baseline基线basicnetwork基本控制网basicscale基本比例尺bathymetry测深bearing方位bearingcalibration方位校准benchmarkdescription水准点之记benchmark(BM)水准基点blockadjustment区域网平差border图廓，边缘，界线borderinformation图廓注记boreholepositionsurvey钻孔位置测量bracket支架bridgesurvey桥梁测量bubble水准器，气泡bubbleoffset水准气泡偏差bundleadjustment光束法平差C,cCAC机助地图制图cadastralmap地籍图cadastralsurveymanagement地籍管理calibration检校，校准，标定CAM计算机辅助测图cameracalibration相机检校carrierphasemeasurement`载波相位测量\n通综-L03Cartesiancoordinatesystem笛卡尔坐标系cartograph制图仪cartographicannotation地图注记cartographicfeature地图地物cartography，cartology地图学centerlinesurvey中线测量centerofsheet图幅中心centeringerror对中误差centeringofbubble气泡居中centeringrod对中杆centralline中线centralmeridian中央子午线centralprojection中心投影centerofgravity重心chart海图chartlettering海图标记chartscale海图比例尺circuitclosure环线闭合差circularbubble圆水准器classification分类closedloop闭合环线closedlooptraverse闭合环导线closedtraverse闭合导线close-rangephotogrammetry近景摄影测量closingerror闭合差coastlinesurvey岸线测量coastalsurvey沿岸测量，沿海测量collimationmark框标\n通综-L03colorabsorber滤光镜，滤光片，消色器compass罗盘compassdeclination,magneticdeclination磁偏角conditionadjustment条件平差confidence置信度connectingtraverse附和导线constructioncontrolnetwork施工控制网constructiondetail施工详图constructionlayout施工放样constructionsurvey施工测量continuousobservation连续观测contour等高线contourinterval等高距contourlabel等高线标注controlnetwork控制网controlnetworkfordeformationobser-vation变形观测控制网controlpoint控制点controlsurvey控制测量controlpointcoordinate(s)控制点坐标coordinate坐标coordinateadjustment坐标平差coordinateaxis坐标轴coordinateconversion坐标变换coordinatesystem坐标系coordinatetransformation坐标转换correctionfordeformation变形改正\n通综-L03correctionfordirection方向改正correctionforparallax视差改正correctionfortiltangle倾角改正correlationcoefficient相关系数correlationregistration相关配准correspondingepipolarline同名核线correspondingimagepoints同名像点course路线，路程，航线coverage图层crest山脊criticalvalue临界值crosshair十字丝，十字瞄准线cross-sectiondrawing横断面图cross-sectionsurvey横断面测量culturesymbol地物符号，人工建筑符号curvature曲率curve曲线curvelayout曲线放样cutoffangle,maskangle截止高度角cylindricalcoordinate柱面坐标D,ddataaccuracy数据精度datalayering数据分层dataofinnerorientation内方位元素datareduction,datacompression数据压缩datarevision,dataupdate数据更新\n通综-L03dataresolving/datacalculating数据解算datavectorization数据矢量化datum基准面datumofsoundings测深基准面DDN数字数据网decenteringdistortion`偏心畸变差deformation变形，畸变deformationmonitoring(observation)变形监测（观测）DEM数字高程模型densification加密densificationnetwork加密[控制]网depressionangle俯角depthdatum深度基准面depthsounder测深仪detaildrawing详图，细部图detailpoint碎部点detailsurvey碎部测量detailworkdrawing施工详图detailedtriangulation图根三角测量，低等三角测量deviation偏差DGPS差分GPSDHM,DEM,DTEM数字高程模型differentialcorrection差分改正differentialinterferometry差分干涉测量法digitaldistortionmodel(DDM)数字畸变模型digitallandscapemodel(DLM)数字景观模型digitallinegraph(DLG)数字线画地图digitalorthophotomap(DOM)数字正射影像图\n通综-L03digitalrastergraphics(DRG)数字栅格图digitalsurfacemodel(DSM)数字表面模型digitalterrainmodel(DTM),digitalgroundmodel(DGM)数字地面模型dilutionofprecision(DOP)精度因子directionangle方向角displacement`位移distancemeasuringinstrument测距仪distancerun航程distortion畸变distortionerror畸变差draft草图，设计图样drainagemap水系图dryland旱地E,eEarthellipsoid,Earthspheroid地球椭球Earthobservingsatellites对地观测卫星Earthobservingsystem(EOS)对地观测系统Earthflattening地球扁率Earth’srotation地球自转Earth’srotationparameter(ERP)地球自转参数eastlongitude东经eccentricangle偏心角eccentricity偏心率，离心率echosignal回波信号edgematching图幅接边\n通综-L03effectiveradius有效半径electromagneticdistancemeasurement电磁波测距electronicdistancemeasuringinstrument(EDM)电子测距仪electroniclevel电子水准仪electronictheodolite电子经纬仪electro-opticaldistancemeasuringinstru-ment光电测距仪elementofrelativeorientation相对定向元素elementofabsoluteorientation绝对定向元素elevationaccuracy高程精度elevationnotation高程注记elevationpoint高程点elevation,height高程ellipsoid椭球ellipsoidal/geodeticheight大地高engineeringcontrolnetwork工程控制网engineeringdrafting(drawings)工程制图engineeringsurvey工程测量engineeringsurveying(geodesy)工程测量学equatorialradius赤道半径errorequation误差方程errorofclosure闭合差exteriororientationelement外方位元素eyepieceadjustment调焦(检景器目镜的)F,f\n通综-L03faceleft盘左faceright盘右fairdrawing清绘fairway航道farrange大测距，远测距fault断层，断裂feature要素，特征featureattribute要素属性featurecatalogue要素分类featurepoints特征点fiducialnetwork基准网fieldbook外业手簿fieldcheck外业检核fieldmanual外业规范，外业手册fieldmapping野外填图，制图fieldreconnaissance野外勘测fieldsketch外业草图fieldwork外业fineadjustment微调，细调，精密平差first-orderaccuracy一等精度first-orderbenchmark一等水准点first-ordergeodeticnetwork一等大地网fixedantenna固定天线fixedpoint固定点flightaltitude飞行高度flightlineofaerialphotography摄影航线fightplanofaerialphotography航摄计划focallength焦距\n通综-L03footing基座fore-and-aftoverlap航向重叠foresight(FS)前视fullydigitalmapping全数字化测图fusion融合G,gGaussprojection高斯投影Gauss-Krügerprojection高斯-克吕格投影Gauss-Markoffmodel高斯-马尔柯夫模型geocenter地心geocentriccoordinate地心坐标geocentriccoordinatesystem地心坐标系geocentricrectangularcoordinatesystem地心直角坐标系geodesy大地测量学geodeticcoordinate大地坐标geodeticleveling大地水准测量geodeticorigin大地原点geodeticreferencesystem大地测量参考系统geodeticreferencesystem19801980国际大地测量参考系统geographiccoordinates地理坐标geographicgrid地理格网geographicinformationsystem(GIS)地理信息系统geographiclatitude地理纬度geographiclongitude地理经度geoid大地水准面geomatics测绘学\n通综-L03geometricaccuracy几何精度geometricco-registration几何配准geometriccorrectionofimage影像几何纠正geometricprecisecorrection几何精纠正geo-robot测量机器人globalgravityanomalies全球重力异常globalnavigationsatellitesystem(GNSS)全球导航卫星系统globalorbitingnavigationsatellitesystem(GLONASS)全球轨道导航卫星系统（俄罗斯）globalpositioningsystem(GPS)全球定位系统GPScarrierphaseGPS载波相位GPSreceiverGPS接收机GPSsurveyingGPS测量GPStime(GPST)GPS时间GPSurvey，TGOTrimbleGPS接收机随机软件gradient坡度，斜率graphicalsolution图解graphics图形gravimeter重力仪gravityanomaly重力异常Greenwichmeantime格林尼治时间gridazimuth坐标方位角，格网方位角gridcoordinate平面直角坐标，格网坐标gridmap网格地图gridnorth坐标北方向gridorigin,originofcoordinatesystem坐标原点grid-TIN混合形式的数字高程模型grosserror粗差\n通综-L03groundcontrolpoint(GCP)地面控制点guidepost路标，方向标H,hhalf-intervalcontour间曲线handlevel手持水准仪heading航向hedge树篱，障碍物heightdatum，verticaldatum高程基准heightofinstrument(HI)仪器高heightoftarget目标高highresolution高分辨率highspatialresolution高空间分辨率highspectralimage高光谱图像hillside山腰，山坡histogram直方图historicalmap历史地图hologramphotography全息摄影homologousimagepoints同名像点horizontalaccuracy水平精度horizontalcontrolpoint,horizontalcontrolstation水平控制点horizontalcoordinate，planecoordinate平面坐标horizontaldilutionofprecision(HDOP)水平精度因子horizontalplane平面horizontalsurvey水平测量，平面测量Huanghaiverticaldatumof1956黄海1956高程系统\n通综-L03hydrographicengineeringsurvey水利工程测量hydrographicsurveyingandcharting海洋测绘hypsometricmap地势图I,iice-snowcoveredarea冰雪覆盖区域identifier标识码illuminatedpatch光斑，光点illuminatingpower亮度imageacutance影像清晰度imagecoordinate像点坐标imagefusion影响融合imagematch影像匹配imagemosaic影像镶嵌imagemotioncompensation(IMC)像移补偿imagepoint像点imagepyramid影像金字塔imagerectification影像纠正imageregistration影像配准imageresolution影像分辨率imagesequence序列影像imageshift像移imagespacecoordinatesystem像空间坐标系inclinationangle，tiltangle倾角inclinometerandtiltmeter测斜仪independentmodelaerialtriangulation独立模型法空中三角测量indexcontour计曲线，加粗等高线\n通综-L03indirectionadjustment间接平差inertialcoordinatesystem惯性坐标系inertialnavigationsystem(INS)惯性导航系统inertialsurveyingsystem(ISS)惯性测量系统inflectionpoint拐点infraredEDMinstrument,infraredranger红外测距仪inherenterror固有误差instrumentadjustment仪器校正instrumentofgeomaticsengineering测绘仪器instrumentalconstant仪器常数instrumentalerror仪器误差interactiveprocessing人机交互处理interiororientation内部定向intermediatecontour首曲线，基本等高线interpolationpoint内插点interpretation判读，解译intersection前方交会intersectionangle交会角islandchart岛屿图isobath等深线isolinemap等值线地图ice-snowcoveredarea冰雪覆盖区域identifier标识码illuminatedpatch光斑，光点illuminatingpower亮度imageacutance影像清晰度imagecoordinate像点坐标imagefusion影响融合\n通综-L03imagematch影像匹配imagemosaic影像镶嵌imagemotioncompensation(IMC)像移补偿imagepoint像点imagepyramid影像金字塔imagerectification影像纠正imageregistration影像配准imageresolution影像分辨率imagesequence序列影像imageshift像移imagespacecoordinatesystem像空间坐标系inclinationangle，tiltangle倾角inclinometerandtiltmeter测斜仪independentmodelaerialtriangulation独立模型法空中三角测量indexcontour计曲线，加粗等高线J,jjunction交叉口junctionpointoftraverse导线节点K,kkilometerstone里程碑kinematicpositioning动态定位knownstation已知站(点)Krasovskyellipsoid克拉索夫斯基椭球L,l\n通综-L03landboundary地界landfeature地物，地貌landslide滑坡largescale大比例尺largescaletopographicmap大比例尺地形图laserscanner激光扫描仪lasersounder激光测深仪lateraloverlap旁向重叠latitude纬度legend图例level水准仪levelsurface水准面leveler水准测量员levelingnetwork水准网levelingrod,levelingstaff水准尺LFC大像幅摄影机linesymbol线状符号linearCCDpush-broom线阵CCD推扫式linearcorrelation线性相关linearindependent线性无关的localdifferentialGPS局域差分GPSlocationmap位置图longitude经度profile纵断面图longitudinaltilt,pitch航向倾角longitudinalview纵视图landboundary地界landfeature地物，地貌\n通综-L03landslide滑坡largescale大比例尺largescaletopographicmap大比例尺地形图laserscanner激光扫描仪lasersounder激光测深仪lateraloverlap旁向重叠latitude纬度legend图例level水准仪levelsurface水准面leveler水准测量员levelingnetwork水准网levelingrod,levelingstaff水准尺LFC大像幅摄影机linesymbol线状符号linearCCDpush-broom线阵CCD推扫式linearcorrelation线性相关linearindependent线性无关的localdifferentialGPS局域差分GPSlocationmap位置图longitude经度profile纵断面图longitudinaltilt,pitch航向倾角longitudinalview纵视图M,mmagneticdeclination磁偏角\n通综-L03magneticsounder磁探测仪mapappearance地图整饰mapquery地图查询mapscale地图比例尺mapsymbolbase地图符号库marinecharting海洋绘图metadata元数据metriccamera量测摄影机microwaveremotesensing微波遥感misclosure闭合差mobilemappingvehicle测绘车monitor监测，监视器mosaic镶嵌multiresolution多分辨率multiscale多尺度multispectral多光谱的N,nnationalGPScontrolnetwork国家GPS控制网nationalheightdatum19851985国家高程基准nationalhorizontalcontrolnetwork国家平面控制网nationallevelingnetwork国家水准网nationalverticaldatum国家高程基准negative负，负片networkadjustment网平差networkRTK网络RTKNMEA导航数据格式\n通综-L03northarrow指北针northmagneticpole磁北极northernlatitude北纬numericalaccuracy数值精度O,oobjectlocation目标定位obliqueaerialphotography倾斜航空摄影像片observationerror观测误差observationset测回observation,observedvalue观测值offshoresurvey近海测量opticallevel光学水准仪opticalrangefinder光学测距仪opticaltheodolite光学经纬仪orbitparameters轨道参数ordinate纵坐标ordinateaxis纵坐标轴，Y轴orientation定向orthorectification正射纠正outlinemap[forfilling]填充地图overlap重叠度，交叠P,ppanchromatic全色的panoramic全景的\n通综-L03parallax视差parameter参数，参变量passpoint加密点patternrecognition模式识别permanentstation永久测站，埋石测站，埋石点perpendicular垂线，垂直于petroleumexplorationsurvey石油勘探测量photorectification像片纠正pixel像素pipelinesurvey管线测量plan平面planesurveying平面测量plumbline铅垂线pointcloud点云pointsymbol点状符号polarcoordinate极坐标positionandattitude位置和姿态positionandorientationsystem(POS)定位与定向系统positioning,positionfix定位positive正片post-processedGPS后处理GPSpreciseengineeringsurvey精密工程测量precisepointpositioning(PPP)精密单点定位precisepositioningservice(PPS)精密定位服务precision精度precisionestimation精度估计preliminarysurvey初测pre-processing预处理\n通综-L03pressurealtimeter气压高度计primarycontrolnetwork首级控制网primaryscale基本比例尺profilesurvey纵断面测量projectiontransformation投影变换properscale成图比例尺，规定比例尺pseudo-range伪距pseudo-rangemeasurement伪距测量Q,qqualitycontrolandvalidation质量控制与评估qualityevaluation质量评价quasi-geoid似大地水准面quasi-geoidheight似大地水准面高R,rradar雷达radargrammetry雷达图像测量学，雷达图像测量技术radiationcompensation辐射补偿radiationcorrection辐射校正railroadengineeringsurvey铁路工程测量randomerror偶然误差randomsampling随机抽样rangepositioningsystem测距定位系统rangefinder测距仪rasterdata栅格数据\n通综-L03rasterization栅格化raster-to-vectorconversion栅格矢量转换rawdata原始数据real-timeDGPS实时差分GPSreceiver接收机receiverantenna接收机天线rectangularcoordinate直角坐标rectification纠正referencebasestations参考基站referencecentralmeridian基准中央子午线，基准中央经线referenceellipsoid参考椭球referencespheroid参考球体，参考椭球reflectancespectrum反射光谱regulargridDEM规则格网数字高程模型relativeaccuracy相对精度relativealtitude相对高度reliefdisplacement投影差relieffeature地形特征，地形要素reliefmap立体图remotesensing(RS)遥感resampling重采样resolution分辨率，分辨力reticule十字丝revisionoftopographicmap地形图更新revolution，rotation旋转ridgeline山脊线right-handedcoordinatesystems右手坐标系riverbed河床\n通综-L03RMS均方根RMSE均方根误差，中误差roadnetwork道路网rotationparameters旋转参数routeanalysis路径分析routesurvey线路测量rover流动站rovingreceiver流动接收机RTK实时动态定位S,ssampling采样，抽样satellitealtitude卫星高度satellitepositioning卫星定位scalefactor比例因数scanmodeofairborne-basedimagelaserradar机载激光成像雷达扫描成像模型scanninglaserrangefinder激光扫描测距seafloortopography海底地形seamlesscontiguity无缝拼接self-calibration自检校semimajoraxis长半轴sensitivity灵敏度，感光度setting-outsurvey放样测量，施工放样shaft竖井sheetnumber图号siderealday恒星日\n通综-L03siderealtime恒星时signal-to-noiseratio信噪比signature特征，标记，符号simultaneousobservation同步观测simultaneous，synchronous同步的，同时的singlefrequency单频siteplan,sitemap工地（总）平面图sitepreparation场地平整slope斜坡slopedistance斜距slopeline示坡线smoothness平滑度soundingfieldbook水深测量手簿soundingline测深线soundingrod水深杆southsemisphere南半球spaceintersection空间前方交会spaceresection空间后方交会spatialanalysis空间分析spatialrectangularcoordinate空间直角坐标spatialresolution空间分辨率specificationofsurvey测量规范sphericalcoordinate球面坐标spheroidofrevolution旋转椭球staff标尺stake桩，标桩stakeout定线，放样standardization标准化\n通综-L03staticpositioning静态定位steeltape钢尺stereo立体的，立体观测的stereoautograph立体自动测图仪stereocompilation立体测图stereopair立体像对strip扫描带，带状stripmosaic航带拼接submarinepipeline海底管道supplementarycontour间曲线，半距等高线，补充等高线surfacecontrol地面控制surveying测量学surveyingandmapping测绘systematicerror系统误差T,ttargetextraction目标提取telluroid近似地形面terrain地势，地形，地面thematicatlas专题地图集thematicmap专题图theodolite经纬仪threedimensionalcoordinate三维坐标，空间坐标，立体坐标threshold/thresholdingvalue阈值tiltangleofphotograph像片倾角\n通综-L03TIN不规则三角网tip倾斜，倾角，尖端tolerance限差，容许误差topographicbasemap地形底图topographicmap地形图topographicsurvey地形测量totallinearclosureoftraverse导线全长闭合差totalstation全站仪track(TRK)航向，航迹translation平移translationparameters平移参数transverseaxis横轴transverseMercatorchart横轴墨卡托投影地图traversenetwork导线网traversing,traversesurvey导线测量treerowsandhedges行树和篱笆triangulatedirregularnetwork(TIN)不规则三角网triangulation三角测量tripod三脚架tripodbase三脚架基座trueerror真误差truenorth真北tunnelsurvey隧道测量U,uUAV(unmannedaerialvehicleremotesensingsystem)无人驾驶飞行器\n通综-L03undergroundpipelinesurvey地下管线测量universaltime(UT)世界时universaltransverseMercatorprojection(UTM)通用横轴墨卡托投影upland山地，丘陵地uplandplain高原V,vvariance方差vectormap矢量地图vector-to-rasterconversion矢量-栅格转换vegetationindex植被指数verticalaccuracy高程精度verticalangle垂直角verticalaxis纵轴verticalcontrolnetwork高程控制网verticalcontrolpoint,verticalcontrolsta--tion高程控制点virtualreality(VR)虚拟现实virtualreferencestation(VRS)虚拟参考站visualinterpretation目视判读visualization可视化W,wWADGPS广域差分GPSwaterlevel水位\n通综-L03waypoint航点workstation工作站X,xX-axisx轴x-coordinateornothingx坐标Xi’angeodesiccoordinatesystem19801980西安坐标系x-parallax左右视差Y,yY-axisy轴y-coordinateoreastingy坐标Z,zzero首子午线zone区域控制zone分带子午线