英国文学史习题全集(含答案).doc 20页

'PartOneEarlyandMedievalEnglishLiteratureⅠ.Fillintheblanks.1.In1066,____,withhisNormanarmy,succeededininvadinganddefeatingEngland.A.WilliamtheConquerorB.JuliusCaesarC.AlfredtheGreatD.Claudius2.Inthe14thcentury,themostimportantwriter(poet)is____.A.LanglandB.WycliffeC.GowerD.Chaucer3.TheprevailingformofMedievalEnglishliteratureis____.A.novelB.dramaC.romanceD.essay4.Thestoryof___istheculminationoftheArthurianromances.A.SirGawainandtheGreenKnightB.BeowulfC.PiersthePlowmanD.TheCanterburyTales5.WilliamLangland’s____iswrittenintheformofadreamvision.A.KublaKhanB.PiersthePlowmanC.TheDreamofJohnBullD.Morted’Arthur6.AftertheNormanConquest,threelanguagesexistedinEnglandatthattime.TheNormansspoke_____.A.FrenchB.EnglishC.LatinD.Swedish7.______wasthegreatestofEnglishreligiousreformersandthefirsttranslatoroftheBible.A.LanglandB.GowerC.WycliffeD.Chaucer8.PiersthePlowmandescribesaseriesofwonderfuldreamstheauthordreamed,throughwhich,wecanseeapictureofthelifeinthe____England.A.primitiveB.feudalC.bourgeoisD.modern9.Thethemeof____tokingandlordwasrepeatedlyemphasizedinromances.A.loyaltyB.revoltC.obedienceD.mockery10.ThemostfamouscycleofEnglishballadscentersonthestoriesaboutalegendaryoutlawcalled_____.A.Morted’ArthurB.RobinHoodC.TheCanterburyTalesD.PiersthePlowman11.______,the“fatherofEnglishpoetry”andoneofthegreatestnarrativepoetsofEngland,wasborninLondoninabout1340.A.GeoffreyChaucerB.SirGawainC.FrancisBaconD.JohnDryden12.ChaucerdiedonOctober25th,1400,andwasburiedin____.A.FlandersB.FranceC.ItalyD.WestminsterAbbey13.Chaucer’searliestworkofanylengthishis_____,atranslationoftheFrenchRomandelaRosebyGaillaumedeLorrisandJeandeMeung,whichwasaloveallegoryenjoyingwidespreadpopularityinthe13thand14thcenturiesnotonlyinFrancebutthroughoutEurope.A.TheRomauntoftheRoseB.“ARed,RedRose”C.TheLegendofGoodWomenD.TheBookoftheDuchess14.InhislifetimeChaucerservedinagreatvarietyofoccupationsthathadimpactonthewiderangeofhiswritings.Whichoneisnothiscareer?____.A.engineerB.courtierC.officeholderD.soldierE.ambassadorF.legislator(议员)15.Chaucercomposesalongnarrativepoemnamed_____basedonBoccaccio’spoem“Filostrato”.A.TheLegendofGoodWomenB.TroilusandCriseydeC.SirGawainandtheGreenKnightD.BeowulfKeytothemultiplechoices：1-5ADCAB6-10ACBAB11-15ADAAB自考真题2002-4l.Romance,whichusesnarrativeverseorprosetotellstoriesof___adventuresorotherheroicdeeds,isapopularliteraryform9 inthemedievalperiod.A.ChristianB.knightlyC.GreekD.primitive（B）lAmongthegreatMiddleEnglishpoets,GeoffreyChaucerisknownforhisproductionof___.A.PiersPlowmanB.SirGawainandtheGreenKnightC.ConfessioAmantisD.TheCanterburyTales（D）lTheworkthatpresented,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,acomprehensiverealisticpictureofthemedievalEnglishsocietyandcreatedawholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallwalksoflifeismostlikely______________.A．WilliamLangland’sPiersPlowmanB．GeoffreyChaucer’sTheCanterburyTalesC．JohnGower’sConfessionAmantisD．SirGawainandtheGreenKnight（B）Ⅱ.Questions1.WhatarethefeaturesofBeowulf?2.CommentonthesocialsignificanceandlanguageinTheCanterburyTales.PartTwoTheEnglishRenaissanceⅠ.Matchthewriterandhisworks.91.ThomasMore2.Holinshed3.Hakluyt4.RichardTottel5.PhilipSidney6.WalterRaleighA.ApologyforPoetryB.MiscellanyofSongsandSonnetsC.UtopiaD.DiscoveryofGuianaE.PrincipalNavigations,VoyagesandDiscoveriesF.Chronicles9Thekey:(1—C2—F3—E4—B5—A6—D)Ⅱ.Choosethebestanswer.1._____foundedtheTudorDynasty,acentralizedmonarchyofatotallynewtype,whichmettheneedsoftherisingbourgeoisie.A.HenryVB.HenryVIIC.HenryVIIID.JamesI2.ThefirstcompleteEnglishBiblewastranslatedby_______,“themorningstaroftheReformation”andhisfollowers.A.WilliamTyndalB.JamesIC.JohnWycliffeD.BishopLancelotAndrews3.Theprogressinindustryathomestimulatedthecommercialexpansionabroad.____encouragedexplorationandtravel,whichwerecompatiblewiththeinterestsoftheEnglishmerchants.A.HenryV.B.HenryVIIC.HenryVIIID.QueenElizabeth4.ExceptbeingavictoryofEnglandover___,theroutofthefleet“Armada”(Invincible)wasalsothetriumphoftherisingyoungbourgeoisieoverthedecliningoldfeudalism.A.SpainB.FranceC.AmericaD.Norway5.Those,bothtradersandpirateslike____,establishedthefirstEnglishcolonies.A.FrancisDrakeB.LancelotAndrewsC.WilliamCaxtonD.WilliamTyndal6.____wasaforerunnerofclassicisminEnglishliterature.9 A.BenJohnsonB.WilliamShakespeareC.ThomasMoreD.ChristopherMarlowe1.Themostgiftedofthe“universitywits”was____.A.LylyB.PeeleC.GreeneD.Marlowe2.Moralityplaysappearedafter_____.A.miracleplaysB.mysteryplaysC.interludeD.Classicalplays3._____isusedtosayanddogoodthings.A.MercyB.FollyC.ViceD.Peace4._____isoneoftheforerunnersofmodernsocialistthought.A.PhillipSidneyB.EdmundSpenserC.ThomasMoreD.WalterRaleigh5._____isnotafamoustranslatorintheEnglishRenaissance.A.ThomasNorthB.ThomasWyattC.GeorgeChapmanD.JohnFlorio6.____hadsuppliedShakespearewiththematerialforJuliusCaesar.A.LivesofGreekandRoanHeroes《希腊罗马名人传》B.MiscellanyofSongsandSonnetsC.DonQuixoteD.HistoryoftheWorld7.____wasoneofthefirsttoseetherelationbetweenwealthandpovertytounderstandthattherichwerebecomingricherbyrobbingthepoor.A.JohnWycliffeB.WilliamCaxtonC.GeoffreyChaucerD.ThomasMore8.Utopiawaswrittenintheformof_____.A.proseB.dramaC.essayD.dialogue9.Oneofthepopularmoralityplayswas____.A.TheShepherdsB.EverymanC.ThePlayoftheWeatherD.GammerGurton’sNeedle10.Shakespeare’splayswrittenbetween_____aresometimescalled“romances”andallendinreconciliationandreunion.A.1590and1594B.1595and1600C.1601and1607D.1608and161211.MirandaisaheroineinShakespeare’s______.A.PericlesB.CymbelineC.TheWinter’sTaleD.TheTempest12.In_____appearedShakespeare’sSonnet，NeverbeforeImprinted（《莎士比亚十四行诗》“迄今从未刊印过”）whichcontains154sonnets.A.1606B.1607C.1608160913.Shakespeareisoneofthefoundersof____.A.romanticismB.realismC.naturalismD.classicism14.Amongmanypoeticforms,Shakespearewasespeciallyathome(goodat)withthe_______.A.dramaticblankverseB.songC.sonnetD.couplet15.Intheplays,Shakespeareusedabout______words.A.15000B.16000C.17000D.1800016._____hasbeencalledthesummitoftheEnglishRenaissance.A.ChristopherMarlowB.FrancisBaconC.W.ShakespeareD.BenJohnsonKeytothemultiplechoices:1-5BCDAA6-10DDCBA11-15BDADA16-22ACBADDB9 Ⅲ.Fillintheblanks.1.The____wasuniversallyusedbytheCatholicChurches.2.TheEnglishtranslationoftheBibleemergedasaresultofthestrugglebetween____and___.3.TheBiblewasnotablytranslatedintoEnglishbythe____.4.ThefirstcompleteEnglishBiblewastranslatedby____,“themorningstarofthe_____”.5._____translatedtheNewTestamentandportionsoftheOldTestament,whichisknownasTyndale’sBible.6.AfterTydale’sBible,thenappearedthe______,whichwasmadein1611undertheauspicesof_____.Andsowassometimescalledthe____.7.Apartfromthereligiousinfluence,theAuthorizedVersionhashadagreatinfluenceonEnglish___and____.8.WiththewidespreadinfluenceoftheEnglishBible,thestandardmodernEnglishhasbeen_____and_____.9.Agreatnumberof____andphraseshavepassedintodailyEnglishspeechashouseholdwords.10.The____and____languageoftheAuthorizedVersionhascoloredthestyleoftheEnglishproseforthelast300years.11.____wasthefirstEnglishprinter.12.WilliamCaxtonwasaprosperousmerchanthimself,buthewasfondof___,andhisinterestwasturningto____.13.HetranslatedTheRecuyellofHistoryesofTroyintoEnglishfromFrenchwhichwasthe___bookprintedinEnglish.14.TheRecuyellservedasasourcefor____TroilusandCressida.《特洛埃勒斯与克雷雪达》15.Afterhavingestablishedhisprintingpress,WilliamCaxtondevotedhimselftothecareerofa____and_____.16.WilliamCaxtonpublishedabout____books,___ofwhichweretranslatedbyhimself.17.Byrendering(翻译)FrenchbooksintoEnglish,Caxtonexercisedtheyouthfullanguageintheairs(曲调),thegraces,thecraftsoftheelderandcontributedtothedevelopmentofthestyleof___centuryEnglish____.18.TheinfluenceofCaxton’spublicationsisalsogreatinfixinga____languageinEngland.19.AsthefirstEnglishprinter,CaxtoninventedinEnglandtheprofessionof____,whichinfacthashadalastingsignificancetothedevelopmentofEnglish___asawhole.20.TheRenaissancestartedinthe______centuryandendedinthe______century.21.Theword,“renaissance”means________,whichwasstimulatedbyaseriesofhistoricalevents,suchas________.22.IntheRenaissance,thehumanistthinkersandscholarstriedtogetridofthoseold____inmedievalEurope,tointroducenewideasthatexpresses____oftherisingbourgeoisie,andtorecoverthe____oftheearlychurchfromthecorruptionoftheRomanCatholicChurch.23.____isthethemeoftheEnglishRenaissance,whichemphasizedthecapacitiesof____andtheachievementsof____.24.____Stanzaisaverseformcreatedby_____forhispoem,______,inwhichtherhymeschemeis____.25.TheWarsoftheRoses(1455—1485)betweentheHouseof___andtheHouseof___strugglingfortheCrowncontinuedfor30years.26.BecauseoftheconflictbetweentheRomanCatholicChurchandtheKingofEngland,thefar-reachingmovementof___tookplaceinEngland,startedbyHenryVIII.27.After___inEngland,thehelpless,dispossessedpeasants,beingcompelledtoworkatalowwage,becamehiredlaborersforthemerchants.TheselaborerswerethefathersofmodernEnglish___.28.Theintroductionof___toEnglandbyWilliamCaxton(1476)broughtclassicalworkswithinreachofthecommonmultitude.29.The16thcenturyinEnglandwasaperiodofthebreakingup____ofrelationsandtheestablishingofthefoundationsof____.30.Becausethewooltradewasrapidlygrowinginbulk,itwasatimewhen,accordingtoThomasMore,“___”.31.____brokeoffwiththePope,dissolvedallthemonasteriesandabbeysinthecountry,confiscatedtheirlandsandproclaimedhimselfheadoftheChurchofEngland.32.TogetherwiththedevelopmentofbourgeoisrelationshipsandformationoftheEnglishnationalstatethisperiodismarkedbyaflourishingofnationalcultureknownas____.33.____,inhistranslationofVirgil’sAeneid,wrotethefirstEnglishblankverse.34.RichardTottel’sMiscellanyofSongsandSonnetscontained_____poemsby______and_____by_____.35.PhilipSidneythoughtthat_____hadsuperiorityoverphilosophyandhistory.36._____isapictureofcontemporaryEnglandwithforcibleexposureofthe___amongthelaboringclasses.37.Morepointsoutthattherootofpovertyisthe_________ofsocialwealth.38.Sonnetscontain_____sonnetsand____sonnets.39.ThehighestgloryoftheEnglishRenaissancewasunquestionablyits____.9 1.The“miracles”weresimpleplaysbasedon______stories.2.Therearesignificanttouchesof_____lifeintheplaytitledTheShepherds.3.Amoralityplaypresentedthe_____ofgoodand_____with_____personages.4.Vicewasthepredecessorofthemodern_____.5.Throughtherevivalofclassicalliterature,Englishplaywrightscameintocontactwith______and______drama.6.FromthecontactwithGreekandLatindrama,Englishplaywrightslearnedalltheimportantrulesin____and____,themoreexactconceptionof____and____.7.Englishcomediesandtragediesonclassicalmodelsappearedinthemiddleofthe____century.8.ThefirstEnglishcomedyis______.9.ThefirstEnglishtragedyis_____.10.Miracleplays,moralityplays,interludesandclassicalplayspavedthewayfortheflourishingof____.11.Inthe16thcentury_____becamethecentreofEnglishdrama.12.By____,professionalactorswereorganizedintocompanies.13.____werewoodenbuildings,usuallycircularinform,withtiers（一排排）ofgalleriessurroundingarooflesspit（楼下剧场）.14.IntheElizabethanTheater,therewereno____andwomen’spartswerealwaystakenby____.15.Shakespeare’snarrativepoem,VenusandAdonis,isfullofvividimagesofthe______,andaphorisms(格言、警句)onlife.16.Shakespearewasagreat____oftheEnglishlanguage.17.Shakespeare’sdramaticcreationoftenusedthemethodof_____.18.Shakespeare’sdramabecomesamonumentoftheEnglish______.19.Shakespearewasa_____forplay-writing.20.Shakespeare’s_____peoplerepresentallthecomplexitiesandimplicationsofreallife.Keytotheblanks:91.LatinBible2.Protestantism;Catholicism3.Protestants4.JohnWycliffe;Reformation5.WilliamTyndal6.AuthorizedVersion,JamesI;KingJamesBible.7.Language;literature8.fixed;confirmed9.Biblecoinages10.simple;dignified11.WilliamCaxton12.Reading;literature13.First14.Shakespeare15.Printer;publisher16.100;2417.15th;prose18.National19.Publisher;culture20.14th;17th21.Religiousreformation22.feudalistideas;interests;purity23.Humanism;humanmind;humanculture24.Spenserian;EdmundSpenser;TheFaerieQueene;ababbcbcc25.Lancaster;York26.TheReformation27.theEnclosureMovement;proletarians28.printing29.feudal;capitalism30.sheepdevoursmen31.WilliamVIII32.Renaissance33.HenryHoward,EarlofSurrey34.96,SirThomasWyatt,40,HenryHoward,EarlofSurrey35.poetry36.Utopia,BookOne;poverty37.privateownership38.Italian/Petrarchan;Shakespearean39.Drama40.Bible41.real42.Conflict;evil;allegorical43.Clown44.Greek;Latin45.Structure;style;comedy;tragedy46.16th47.GammerGurton’sNeedle《葛顿大娘的缝衣针》48.Gorboduc《高波特克》49.Drama50.London51.15679 1.Elizabethantheatres2.actress;boys3.countryside4.master5.adaptation(revision)6.Renaissance7.master-hand(能手)8.full-blood9Ⅳ.Saytrueorfalse.1.TheoldEnglisharistocracyhavingbeenexterminated(wipedout)inthecourseoftheWaroftheRoses,anewnobility,totallydependentonKing’spower,cometothefore.2.AbsolutemonarchyinEnglandreacheditssummitduringthereignofQueenElizabeth.3.TheprogressofbourgeoiseconomymadeEnglandapowerfulstateandenabledherin1588toinflictadefeatontheSpanishInvincibleArmada.4.TheProtestantReformationwasinessenceareligiousmovementinapoliticalguise.5.BeforetheReformation,theEnglishBiblewasuniversallyusedbytheCatholicchurches.6.WalterRaleighwrotehisHistoryoftheWorldinimprisonment.7.MorethemanisevenmoreinterestingthanMorethewriter.8.Utopia,BookOne,describesanidealcommunistsociety.9.TranslationsoccupiedanimportantplaceintheEnglishRenaissance.10.PhilipSidney’scollectionoflovesonnetsisAstrophelandStella.11.TheMiracleplayswerenotforbiddentoperforminchurchesaftertheactorsintroducedsecularandevencomicalelementsintotheperformance.12.ThewriterofGammerGurton’sNeedleisunknown.13.TwolawyerswhowroteGorboducwereThomasSackville(托马斯·萨克维尔)andThomasNorton（托马斯·诺顿）.14.Shakespeare’ssonnetsaredividedintothreegroups:Numbers1—17,Numbers18—126,andNumbers127—154.15.Shakespeare’ssonnetsarewrittenforvarietyofvirtues.16.Engelssaid,“Realismimplies,besidestruthindetail,thetruthfulreproductionoftypicalcharactersundertypicalcircumstances.”17.Shakespearewroteabouthisownpeopleandforhisowntime.18.Shakespeare’soneplaycontainsonetheme.(containsmorethanonetheme)19.Toreproducethereallife,Shakespeareoftencombinesthemajesticwiththefunny,thepoeticwiththeprosaic(散文体的)andtragicwiththecomic.20.EngelscalledShakespeare’splaysthe“Shakespeareanvivacity(活泼、快活)andwealthof(大量的)action”.21.UtopiaisMore’smasterpiece,writtenintheformoflettersbetweenMoreandHythloday,avoyage.22.SirPhilipSidneyiswell-knownasapoetanddramatist.23.CarlMarxcommentedhighlyonMore’sUtopiaandmentioneditinhisgreatwork,TheCapital.24.ThehighestgloryoftheEnglishRenaissancewasunquestionablyitspoetry.25.ThemiracleplaysweresimpleplaysbasedonBiblestories,suchasthecreationoftheworld,Noahandtheflood,andthebirthofChrist.26.GrammerGurton’sNeedleisthefirstEnglishcomedy,GorboducthefirstEnglishtragedy.27.Boththegentlemenandthecommonpeoplewenttothetheatres.ButtheupperclasswasthedominantforceinElizabethantheatre.28.AfterShakespeare’sdeath,HermingeandCondellcollectedandpublishedhisplaysin1623.29.FromShakespeare’shistoryplays,itcanbeseenthatShakespearetookagreatinterestinthepoliticalquestionsofhistime.30.InShakespeare’shistoricalplays,historicalaccuracyisnotstrictlyregarded.31.KingLearisatragedyofambition,whichdrivesabravesoldierandnationalherotodegenerateintoabloodymurderanddespotrighttohisdoom.32.ComingfromanoldDanishlegend,OthelloisconsideredthesummitofShakespeare’sart.33.Shakespeareisoneofthefoundersofromanticisminworldliterature.34.Generallyspeaking,afterShakespeare,theEnglishdramawasundergoingaprocessofprosperity.35.EnglishRenaissancePeriodwasanageofpoetryanddrama,andwasanageofprose.9 6.TherearetwomaincharactersinAsYouLikeIt:OrlandoandRosalind.7.BenJohnson’scomediesare“comediesofhumors”andeverycharacterinhiscomediespersonifiesadefinite“humor”.8.InBenJohnson’slateryearshebecamethe“literaryking”ofhistime.KeytotheTrue/Falsestatements:91.T2.T3.T4.F.(apoliticalmovementinareligiousguise)5.F.(theLatinBible)6.T7.F(Sidney)8.T9.T10.T11.T12.T13.F(BookTwo)14.T15.T16.T17.T18.F19.T20.T21.F(aconversation)22.F(poetandcriticofpoetry)23.F24.F(darma)25.T26.T27.T28.T29.T30.T31.F(Macbeth)32.F(Hamlet)33.F(realism)34.F(decline)35.F(notanageofprose)36.T37.F(ordinarypeoplewere)38.T9 Ⅴ.QuestionsontheEnglishRenaissance1.CommentontheimageofHenryVandSirJohnFalstaff.2.CommentonthecharacterofHamlet.3.WhatarethefeaturesofShakespeare’sdrama?4.RememberShakespeare’smajorplaysineachliterarycareer.5.CommentonMarlowe’ssocialsignificanceandliteraryachievement.6.CommentonTheFaerieQueene.PartThreeThePeriodoftheEnglishBourgeoisRevolutionI.Choosetherightanswer.1.TherhymeschemeofMilton’sL’AllkegroandIlPenserosois_____.A.aabbccbbcB.abbacdccdC.abacdeecD.ababcdcdd2._____,asadeclarationofpeople’sfreedomofthepress,hasbeenaweaponinthelaterdemocraticrevolutionarystruggles.A.OntheMorningofChrist’sNativityB.ComusC.OfReformationinEnglandD.Areopagitica3.____poemscanbedividedintotwocategories:theyouthfullovelyricsandthelatersacredverses.A.JohnMiltonB.JohnBunyanC.JohnDonneD.JohnDryden4._____expressedDonne’sownwayofdescribinglove.A.HolySonnetsB.WitchcraftbyaPictureC.TheSunRisingD.Death,BeNotProud5.GeorgeHerbert’s______isawell-knownshapedpoem.A.TheAltarB.ToHisCoyMistressC.ToDaffodilsD.GatherYeRoseBudsWhileYeMay6.____istheleadingfigureofMetaphysicalpoetry.A.JohnDonneB.GeorgeHerbertC.AndreMarvellD.HenryVaughan7.WhichofthefollowingisnotaMetaphysicalpoet?A.RichardCrashawB.HenryVaughanC.AndrewMarvellD.RobertBurton8.____isaprosepoemondeathandimmortality.A.TheAnatomyofMelancholyB.ReligioMeciciC.HolyDyingD.Urn-Burial9.IzaakWalton’s____isadelightfuldescriptionoftheEnglishcountrysideandthesimpleandkindpeople.A.TheCompleatAnglerB.HolyLivingC.ToHisCoyMistressD.ToDaffadils10.WhoisthegreatestfigureoftheCavalierpoetry?A.JohnSucklingB.RichardLovelaceC.RobertHerrickD.JohnDryden11.____wastheforerunneroftheEnglishclassicalschoolofliteratureinthe19thcentury.A.JohnDrydenB.RichardSteeleC.JosephAddisonD.AlexanderPopeKeytothemultiplechoices:1-5CDCBA6-11ADDAADII.Fillintheblanks.1.InthefieldofprosewritingofthePuritanAge,_______occupiesthemostimportantplace.13 1.ThePilgrim’sProgressisoneofthemostpopularpiecesofChristianwritingproducedduringthe_____Age.2.______givesavividandsatiricalpictureofVanityFairwhichisthesymbolofLondonatthetimeofRestoration.3._____masterpiece,ThePilgrim’sProgress,isanallegory,anarrativeinwhichgeneralconceptssuchassins,despair,andfaitharerepresentedaspeopleorasaspectsofthenaturalworld.4._____isthemostexcellentrepresentativeofEnglishclassicismintheRestorationperiod.5.InEnglishliterature,theRestorationperiodistraditionallycalled“Ageof_____.6.Inpoliticalaffairs,____wasquitechangeableinattitude.7.Inhis“AnEssayofDramaticPoesy”,____showedhisfamousappreciationofShakespeare.8.Drydenwroteabout27plays.Thefamousoneis_______,atragedydealingwiththesamestoryasShakespeare’sAntonyandCleopatra.9.Themainliteraryachievementsofthe17thcenturyliesinthepoetryofJohnMilton,intheprosewritingofJohnBunyan,andintheplaysandliterarycriticismof______.10.ParadiseLostisoneofMilton’s______.11.SatanistheheroinMilton’smasterpiece__________.12.ParadiseLosttookitsmaterialfrom______.13.TheworksoftheMetaphysicalpoetsarecharacterized,generallyspeaking,by_____incontentandfantasticalityinform.14._______wastheforerunneroftheEnglishclassicalschoolofliteratureinthe18thcentury.15.AdamandEveinParadiseLostembodyMilton’sbeliefinthepowersof_____.16.ThePilgrim’sProgressisareligiousallegoryand_____isanotherwritingfeature.17.Inthesecondhalfofthe17thcenturywemayhearthevoicesoftheprivatecitizensbylettersand_____.Keytotheblanks:　131.(JohnBunyan)2.(Puritan)3.(ThePilgrim’sProgress)4.(JohnBunyan’s)5.(JohnDryden)6.(Dryden)7.(JohnDryden)8.(JohnDryden)9.(AllforLove)10.(JohnDryden)11.(epics)12.(ParadiseLost)13.(mysticism)14.(theBible)15.(Dryden)16.(man)17.(symbolism)18.(diaries)13 I.Saytrueorfalse.1.Themajorparliamentaryclashesoftheearly17thcenturywereoverlandownership.2.AfterthevictoryoftheEnglishRevolution,themovementoftheDiggersbrokeout.TheleaderofthisrevoltisWatTyler.3.Withtheestablishmentofthebourgeoisdictatorship,CharlesIIbecametheProtectoroftheEnglishCommonwealth.4.ThespiritofunityandthefeelingofpatriotismendedwiththereignofJamesI,andEnglandwasthenconvulsed(shook,quivered)withtheconflictbetweenthetwoantagonisticcamps,theRoyalistsandthePuritans.5.In1644,JamesIwassentencedtodeathandCromwellbecametheleaderofthecountry.6.Englishliteratureofthe17thcenturywitnessedaflourishonthewhole.7.TheRevolutionPeriodproducedoneofthemostimportantpoetsinEnglishliterature,WilliamShakespeare.8.TheRevolutionPeriodisalsocalledAgeofMiltonbecauseitproducedagreatpoetwholenameisWilliamMilton.9.ThemainliteraryforminliteratureofRevolutionPeriodisdrama.10.AmongtheEnglishpoetsduringtheRevolutionPeriod,JohnDonnewasthegreatestone.11.JohnMiltontowersoverhisageasByrontowersovertheElizabethanAge,andasChaucertowersovertheMedievalPeriod.12.Onhisfirstwife’sdeath,Miltonwrotehisonlylovepoem,asonnet,onHisDeceasedWife.13.ThegreatestepicproducedbyMilton,ParadiseLose,iswritteninheroiccouplets.14.ThepoemofSamsonAgonisteswas“tojustifythewaysofGodtoman”,i.e.toadvocatesubmissiontotheAlmighty.15.IthasbeennoticedbymanycriticsthatthepictureofSatansurroundedbyhisangelswhoneverthinkofexpressinganyopinionsoftheirown,resemblesthecourtofanabsolutemonarch.16.IzaakWalton’sTheCompleatAnglerbecomesa“Piscatorialclassic”.17.ThomasBrowne’sReligiaMediciisacollectionofopinionsonavastnumberofsubjectsmoreorlessconnectedwithreligion.KeytoTrue/Falsestatements:131.F(ownership:monopolies)2.F(WatTyler:GeraldWinstanley)3.F(CharlesII:OliverCromwell)4.F(Donne:Milton)5.F(JamesI:CharlesI)6.F(flourish:decline)7.T(WilliamShakespeare)8.F(William:John)9.F(drama:poetry)10.F(JamesI:ElizabethI)11.F(Byron:Shakespeare)12.F(first:second)13.F(heroiccouplets:blankverse)14.F(Satan:God)15.F(SamsonAgonistes:ParadiseLost)16.T17.T13 IV.Questions1.WhatarethewritingfeaturesofThePilgrim’sProgress?2.CommentontheimageofSatan.3.CommentonSamson.PartFourTheEnglishCenturyⅠ.Matchtheworksandthecharacters.(3points)18A1.()TomeJones2.()TheVicarofWakefield3.()RobinsonCrusoe4.()Gulliver’sTravels5.()Pamela6.()TheSchoolforScandalBa.Fridayb.KingofBrodingnagc.Sophiad.Mr.Be.WilliamThornhillf.CharlesSurfac18Thekey:(1—c,2—e,3—a,4—b,5—d,6—f)Ⅱ.Choosetherightanswer.1.In1701,Steelepublishedapamphlet,_____,inwhichhefirstdisplayedhismoralizingspirit.A.TheFuneralB.TheLyingLoverC.TheChristianHeroD.TheTenderHusband2.WhichisthemostpopularnewspaperpublishedbySteele?A.TheTatlerB.TheSpectatorC.TheTheatreD.TheEnglish3._____isAddison’sgreattragedy.A.ALetterfromItalyB.RosamondC.TheCampaignD.Cato4.WhichofthefollowingisnottheheroinTheSpectator?A.IsaacBickerstaffB.Mr.RogerC.CaptainSentryD.AndrewFreeport5.______werelookeduponasthemodelofEnglishcompositionbyBritishauthorsallthroughthe18thcentury.A.JeremyTaylor’sHolyLivingB.ThomasBrowne’sReligioMeidicC.SamuelPepys’sdiariesD.Addison’sSpectatoressays6.ThemostimportantclassicistintheEnlightenmentMovementis_____.A.SteeleB.AddisonC.PopeD.Dryden7.ThemasterpieceofAlexanderPopeis____.A.EssayonCriticismB.TheRapeoftheLockC.EssayonManD.TheDunciad8.EssayonManisa_____poeminheroiccouplets.A.didacticB.satiricalC.philosophicalD.dramatic9.____wasanintellectualmovementinthefirsthalfofthe18thcentury.A.TheEnclosureMovementB.TheIndustrialRevolutionC.TheReligiousReformD.TheEnlightenment10.TheliteratureoftheEnlightenmentinEnglandmainlyappealedtothe____readers.A.aristocraticB.middleclassC.lowclassD.intellectual11.____isagreatclassicistbuthissatireisnotalwaysjust.A.SteeleB.MiltonC.AddisonD.Pope12.Themainliterarystreamofthe18thcenturywas____.Whatthewritersdescribedintheirworksweremainlysocialrealities.A.romanticismB.classicismC.realismD.sentimentalism13.The18thcenturywasthegoldenageoftheEnglish___.Thenovelofthisperiodspokethetruthaboutlifewithanuncompromising(unbending)courage.A.dramaB.poetryC.essayD.novel18 12.In1704,JonathanSwiftpublishedtwoworkstogether,____and___,whichmadehimwell-knownasasatirist.A.ATaleofTubB.BickerstaffAlmanacC.Gulliver’sTravelsD.TheBattleoftheBooks13.InaseriesofpamphletsJonathanSwiftdenouncedthecruelandunjusttreatmentofIrelandbytheEnglishgovernment.Oneofthemostfamousis____.A.EssaysonCriticismB.AModestProposalC.Gulliver’sTravelsD.TheBattleoftheBooks14.“Properwordsinproperplaces,makesthetruedefinitionofastyle.”Thissentenceissaidby____,oneofthegreatestmastersofEnglishprose.A.AlexanderPopeB.HenryFieldingC.JonathanSwiftD.DanielDefoe15._____’sbest-knownpamphletwasTheTruebornEnglishman—ASatire,whichcontainedacausticexposureofthearistocracyandthetyrannyofthechurch.A.AlexanderPopeB.HenryFieldingC.JonathanSwiftD.DanielDefoe16.HenryFielding’sfirstnovel____waswritteninconnectionwithPamelaofSamuelRichardson.Butafterthefirst10chapters,HenryFieldingbecamesointerestedandabsorbedinhisownhovelastoforgethisoriginalplanofridiculingPamela.A.TomJonesB.JosephAndrewsC.JonathanWildD.Amelia17.____thefirstimportantworkbyTobiasSmollett,isbasedonhisownexperienceasanavaldoctorandinpartautobiographical.A.RoderickRandomB.HumphryClinkerC.PeregrinePickleD.ASentimentalJourney18.FromthecharacterMr.Malaprop,in___byRichardBrinsleySheridan,isderivedtheterm“malapropism”whichmeansaridiculousmisusageofbigwords.A.TheRivalsB.TheSchoolforScandalC.TheBeggar’sOperaD.TheLondonMerchant19.WhichofthefollowingperiodicalsiseditedbySamuelJohnson?_____.A.TheReviewB.TheTatlerC.TheRamblerD.TheBee20.WhichofthefollowingworksarenotwrittenbyOliverGoldsmith?____.A.TheTravellerB.TheDesertedVillageC.TheVicarofWakefieldD.TheSchoolforScandal21.WhichofthefollowingworksiswrittenbyEdwardGibbon?______.A.TheSchoolforScandalB.SheStoopstoConquerC.TheGood-naturedManD.TheDeclineandFalloftheRomanEmpire22.Thesentenceof“Theplowmanhomewardplodshiswearyway,/Andleavestheworldtodarknessandtome”iswrittenby____.A.WilliamCowperB.GeorgeCrabbeC.ThomasGrayD.WilliamBlake23.______isnotwrittenbyWilliamBlake.A.TheMarriageofHeavenandHellB.SongsofExperienceC.AuldLangSyneD.PoeticalSketches24.“Inseedtimelearn,inharvestteach,inwinterenjoy.”ThisproverbiscitedfromWilliamBlake’s_____.A.SongsofExperienceB.SongsofInnocenceC.TheMarriageofHeavenandHellD.PoeticalSketches25.The18thcenturywitnessedthatinEnglandthereappearedtwopoliticalparties,______,whichweresatirizedbyJonathanSwiftinhisGulliver’sTravels.A.theWhigsandtheToriesB.thesenateandtheHouseofRepresentativesC.TheupperHouseandlowerHouseD.theHouseofLordsandtheHouseofCommons18 12.____founditsrepresentativewritersinthefieldofpoetry,suchasEdwardYoungandThomasGray,butitmanifesteditselfchieflyinthenovelsofLawrenceSterneandOliverGoldsmith.A.Pre-romanticismB.RomanticismC.SentimentalismD.Naturalism13._____compiledtheADictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagewhichbecamethefoundationofallthesubsequentEnglishdictionaries.A.BenJohnsonB.SamuelJohnsonC.AlexanderPopeD.JohnDryden14.Whichofthefollowingnovelsisnotepistolary(writteninletterform)novels?A.ClarissaHarloweB.PamelaC.SirCharlesGrandisonD.TomesJones15.WhichplayisregardedasthebestEnglishcomedysinceShakespeare?A.SheStoopstoConquerB.TheRivalsC.TheSchoolforScandalD.TheConsciousLoversKeytothemultiplechoices:1-5CADAD6-10CBCDB11-15DDDDB16-20CDBAA21-25CDDCC26-31CACBDCⅢ.Fillintheblanks.1.TheessaysinSteele’sTheTatlerwerewrittenintheformof______style.2.Steele’sappealwasmadetothe____classes.3.ThepurposeofAddisonandSteele’sideasexpressedinTheSpectatoris______.4._____isthemoststrikingfeatureinTheSpectator.5.AddisonandSteeledevelopedtheformofletterwritingtothevergeofthe_____novel.6.Humor,intimacyandeleganceshowninTheTatlerandTheSpectatoressayshavebecomethestrikingfeaturesoftheEnglish_____.7.EssayonCriticismisa______poem.8.TheDunciadis______apoem.9.Englishenlightenersbelievedinthe_____.10.Englishenlightenersbelievedthatsocialproblemscouldbedealtwithby____.11.Blakeattacksreligious______inthepoem,ALittleBoyLost.12.Burns’spoemslikeTheJollyBeggarsarecharacterizedbyhumorand_____.13.Sheridan’sTheSchoolforScandalhasbeencalledagreatcomedyof_____,givingabrilliantportrayalandabitingsatireofEnglishhighsociety.14.SameulJohnson’s______alsomarkedtheendofEnglishwriters’relianceonthepatronageofnoblemenforsupport.15.SamuelRichardson’sfirstnovel,Pamela,isthefirst_____novelinEnglishliterature.16.TobiasSmollett,agoodhumorist,usedtheformof_____novel.HishumorisbettershowninHumphreyClinkerthananywhereelse.17.IndescribingRobinson’slifeontheisland,Defoeglorifieshuman_____.18.Fieldingthoughtthatthestageshouldbetheschoolof_____.19.Thechapterof“OnHats”inFielding’sJonathanWildisfullofsatireand______.20.LaurenceSternebelongedtotheschoolofthosewriterswhowereversedinthe“knowledgeof_____.”Keytotheblanks:181.conversational2.middle3.socialreform4.Charactersketch5.epistolary6.familiaressay7.didactic8.satirical9.powerofreason10.humanintelligence11.persecution12.lightheartedness18 11.manner12.ADictionaryofEnglishLanguage13.epistolary14.picaresque15.labor16.morality17.symbolism18.Heart18Ⅳ.Saytrueorfalse.1.Addison’sTheSpectatorwaspublishedthreetimesaweek,havingoneessayforeachissue.2.Addison’schiefcontributiontoliteratureliesinhisessayswrittenforTheTatlerandTheSpectator.3.TheessayspublishedinTheTatlerdealwiththecurrenttopicsofthetimewhichtreatedinaseriousmanner.4.ThecharactersketchesinTheSpectatoraretheforerunneroftheEnglishnovel.5.Steele’stranslationsofHumor’sworksaredoneinheroiccouplet.6.IsaacBickerstaffisthemajorcharacterofTheSpectator.7.The18thcenturywasanageofpoetry.Agroupofexcellentprosewriters,suchasJonathanSwift,SamuelRichardson,HenryFielding,wereproduced.8.Novelwritingmadeabigadvanceinthe18thcentury.Themaincharactersinthenovelswerenolongercommonpeople,butthekingsandnobles.9.The19thcenturyproducedthefirstEnglishnovelists,whofallintotwogroups:thesentimentalistnovelistsandtherealistnovelist.10.InthepoemsofEdwardYoungandThomasGray,sentimentalismfounditsfineexpression.11.ATaleofaTubismainlyanattackonpedantryintheliteraryworldofthetime,inwhichthereaderistoldthestoryoftheBeeandtheSpider.12.TobiasSmollettgivesatruepictureoftheevilsintheBritishnavyinthenovelofRoderickRandom,inwhichRandom,likeSmollett,isaScotandadoctor.13.ThetwomostimportantofallSamuelJohnson’sliteraryworksaretheprefaceandcommentsofindividualplaysinhiseditionofShakespeare,andhisLivesofPoets,whichpassjudgmentonacenturyofEnglishpoetry.14.Classicismturnedtothecountrysideforitsmaterial,soisinstrikingcontrasttosentimentalism,whichhadconfineditselftotheclubsanddrawing-rooms,andtothesocialandpoliticallifeofLondon.15.RobertBurnsisrememberedmainlyforhissongswrittenintheEnglishdialectonavarietyofsubjects.16.InTheSchoolforScandal,Sheridancontraststwobrothers,JosephSurfaceandCharlesSurface.17.MyHeart’sintheHighlandsisoneofthebestknownpoemswrittenbyRobertBurnsinwhichheporedhisunshakableloveforhishomeland.18.RacialdiscriminationisexpressedinBlake’s“TheLittleBlack”.19.ManyofGoldsmith’spoemswereputtomusic.20.Pre-romanticismisusheredbyBurnsandBlakeandrepresentedbyPercy,MacphersonandChatterton.KeytotheTrue/Falsestatements:181.F(onetimeaday)2.T3.F(lightandpleasantmanner)4.T5.F(Pope’s)6.F(TheTatler)7.F(prose)8.F(nobles;commonpeople)9.F(18th)10.T11.F(TheBattleoftheBooks)12.T13.T14.F(Sentimentalism;classicism)15.F(Scottish)16.T17.T18.T19.F(Burns’s)20.F(Percy,MacphersonandChatterton;BurnsandBlake)24 英国文学史资料一、中世纪文学（约5世纪—1485）《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf）《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（SirGawainandtheGreenKnight)杰弗利·乔叟（GeoffreyChaucer)“英国诗歌之父”。（FatherofEnglishPoetry）《坎特伯雷故事》（TheCanterburyTales）二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期—17世纪初）托马斯·莫尔（ThomasMore）《乌托邦》（Utopia）埃德蒙·斯宾塞（EdmundSpenser）《仙后》（TheFaerieQueene)弗兰西斯·培根（FrancisBacon）《论说文集》（Essays)克里斯托弗·马洛ChristopherMarlowe《帖木儿大帝》（Tamburlaine）、《浮士德博士的悲剧》（TheTragicalHistoryoftheLifeandDeathofDr.Faustus）、《马耳他岛的犹太人》（TheJewofMalta）威廉·莎士比亚WilliamShakespeare喜剧《仲夏夜之梦》（AMidsummerNight’sDream）、《威尼斯商人》（TheMerchantofVenice）、悲剧《罗密欧与朱丽叶》（RomeoandJuliet）、《哈姆莱特》（Hamlet）、《奥赛罗》（Othello）、《李尔王》（KingLear）、《麦克白》（Macbeth）历史剧《亨利四世》（HenryIV）传奇剧《暴风雨》（TheTempest）本·琼生BenJohnson《人人高兴》（EveryManinHisHumor）《狐狸》（Volpone）《练金术士》（TheAlchemist）三、17世纪文学约翰·弥尔顿JohnMilton《失乐园》（ParadiseLost）、《复乐园》（ParadiseRegained）、诗剧《力士参孙》（SamsonAgonistes）约翰·班扬（JohnBunyan）《天路历程》（ThePilgrim’sProgress）威廉·康格里夫（WilliamCongreve）《以爱还爱》（LoveforLove）《如此世道》（TheWayoftheWorld）四、启蒙时期文学（17世纪后期—18世纪中期）18世纪初，新古典主义成为时尚。新古典主义推崇理性，强调明晰、对称、节制、优雅，追求艺术形式的完美与和谐。亚历山大·蒲柏（AlexanderPope）是新古典主义诗歌的代表。乔纳森·斯威夫特JonathanSwift《格列佛游记》Gulliver’sTravels丹尼尔·笛福DanielDefoe英国小说之父《鲁滨孙漂流记》（RobinsonCrusoe）亨利·菲尔丁HenryFielding《汤姆·琼斯》（TomJones）奥利弗·哥尔德斯密斯OliverGoldsmith《荒村》（TheDesertedVillage）詹姆斯·汤姆逊JamesThomson《四季歌》（TheSeasons）威廉·柯林斯WilliamCollins《黄昏颂》（OdetoEvening）托马斯·格雷ThomasGray《墓园哀歌》（ElegyWritteninaCountryChurchyard）一.OldEnglishLiterature&TheLateMedievalAges中世纪文学（约5世纪—1485贝奥武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsEpic:longnarrativepoemsthatrecordtheadventuresorheroicdeedsofaheroenactedinvastlandscapes.Thestyleofepicisgrandandelevated.e.g.Homer’sIliadandOdysseyArtisticfeatures:I.UsingalliterationDefinitionofalliteration:arhetoricaldevice,meaningsomewordsinasentencebeginwiththesameconsonantsound（头韵）SomeexamplesonP5II.UsingmetaphorandunderstatementDefinitionofunderstatement:expressingsomethinginacontrolledwayUnderstatementisatypicalwayforEnglishmentoexpresstheirideasGeofferyChaucer杰弗里•乔叟1340(?)~1400(首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（JohnDryden）称其为“英国诗歌之父”。代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》。)ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.Itis____alonewho,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,presentedtousacomprehensive(综合的，广泛的)realisticpicture24 oftheEnglishsocietyofhistimeandcreatedawholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallwalksoflife.(A)A.GeoffreyChaucerB.MatinLutherC.WilliamLanglandD.JohnGowerwritingstyle:wisdom,humor,humanity.①坎特伯雷故事集：firsttimetouse‘heroiccouplet’(双韵体)bymiddleEnglish②特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德③声誉之宫MedievalAges’popularLiteraryform:Romance(传奇故事)Famousthree：KingArthurSirGawainandtheGreenKnightBeowulfIITheRenaissancePeriod文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期—17世纪初）Aperiodofdramaandpoetry.TheElizabethandramaistherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.Renaissance:theactivity,spirit,ortimeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Twofeatures1.athirstingcuriosityfortheclasicalliterature2.thekeeninterstintheactivitiesofhumanity.TheRenaissancemarksatransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.TheRenaissanceisahistoricalperiodinwhichtheEuropeanhumanistthinkersandscholarsmadeattempts:(1)togetridofthoseoldfeudalistideasinmedievalEurope,(2)tointroducenewideasthatexpressedtheinterestsoftherisingbourgeoisie,(3)torecoverthepurityoftheearlychurchfromthecorruptionoftheRomanCatholicChurch.ThreehistoricaleventsoftheRenaissance–rebirthorrevival:I.newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrologyII.thereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansionIII.rediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarloweWilliamShakespeareBenJohnson.EnglishRenaissance:theearly16thcenturytotheearly17thcentury.1.EdmundSpenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599（后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。）Thepoets’poet.ThefirsttobeburiedinthePoet’scornerofWesterminsterAbbey12.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisnotthereasonforthatEdmundSpenserisfamousfor“thepoet’spoet”?(B)A.Spenser’sidealismB.hisstruggleforcriteriaC.hisloveofbeautyD.hisexquisitemelody ① 仙后(forQueenElizabeth)Thethemeisnot“Armsandtheman”,butsomethingmoreromantic“Fiercewarsandfaithfullloves”.Artisticfeatures:1.UsingSpenserianStanzaDefinitionofSpenserianStanza:astanzaofninelinesababbcbcc.Eightlinesiniambicpentameter,andlastlineiniambichexameter.②牧人日历24 ThethemeistolamentoverthelossofRosalind.③爱情小唱n2. ThomaslMore托马斯•莫尔1478~1535OneofthegreatestEnglishhumanists①乌托邦n3. FrancislBacon弗兰西斯•培根1561~1626（哲学家、散文家；在论述探究知识的著作中提出了知识就是力量这一著名论断；近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。）Philosopher,scientist,laythefoundationformodernscience.ThefirstEnglishessayist.nWritingstyle:brevity,compactness&powerfulness,well-arrangingandenrichingbyBiblicalallusions,metaphorsandphilosophytoman’sreason.①学术的推进②随笔(famousquotas:)nThethemeofOfStudies:usesandbenefitsofstudyanddifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies.4. BenJonson①②狐狸5.ChristopherlMarlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛1564~1595“UniversityWits”,thepioneerofEnglishdrama（完善了无韵体诗。）Blankverse:writteninunrhymediambicpentameter.14.Marlowegavenewvigorto____withhis“mightylines”(D)A.thePetrarchansonnetB.sestinaC.terzarimaD.blankverse①浮士德博士的悲剧（根据德国民间故事书写成）②帖木耳大帝n ③马耳他的犹太人6. WilliamShakespeare威廉•莎士比亚1564~1616l ① Historicalplays:HenryVI;HenryIV:RichardIII;HenryV；RichardII；HenryVIII②FourComedies:皆大欢喜;第十二夜;仲夏夜之梦;威尼斯商人③FourTragedies:哈姆莱特;奥赛罗;李尔王;麦克白④ShakespeareSonnet:154Threequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.IIIThe17thCentury17世纪文学 1.JohnMilton约翰•弥尔顿1608~1674（诗人、政论家;失明后写《失乐园》、《复乐园》、《力士参孙》。）①Epics: 失乐园n 复乐园②Dramaticpoem: < SamsonAgonistes>力士参孙③论出版自由n为英国人民声辩④我的失明Thissonnetiswritteniniambicpentameterrhymedinabbaabbacdecde,typicalofItaliansonnet.24 ItsthemeisthatpeopleusetheirtalentforGod,andtheyservehimbestshocanendurethesufferingbest.2. JohnBunyan约翰•班扬1628~1688（代表作《天路历程》，宗教寓言，被誉为“具有永恒意义的百科全书”，是英国文学史上里程碑式著作。与但丁的《神曲》、奥古斯丁的《忏悔录》并列为世界三大宗教题材文学杰作。）Puritanpoet(清教徒派诗人)①ReligionaryAllegory:天路历程n3.JohnDonnetheMetaphysicalpoet(玄学派诗人).MetaphysicalPoetry(玄学诗)：（用语）thedictionissimple,theimageryisfromtheactual,(形式)theformisfrequentlyanargumentwiththepoet’sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.（主题：love,religious,thought）Artisticfeatures:1.conceitsorimagery奇思妙喻2.syllogism三段论①Meditations沉思录TheFlea虱子②SongsAndSonnetsHolySonnets③Valediction:IVThe18thCentury启蒙时期文学（17世纪后期—18世纪中期）：Enlightenment同时为美国独立战争与法国大革命提供了框架，并且导致了资本主义和社会主义的兴起，与音乐史上的巴洛克时期以及艺术史上的新古典主义时期是同一时期。Arevivalofinterestintheoldclassicalworks,order,logic,restrainedemotion(抑制情感)andaccuracyTheAgeofEnlightenment/Reason:themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,reason(rationality),equality&science(the18thcentury)小说崛起：Inthemid-century,thenewlyliteraryform,modernEnglishnovelrised(realisticnovel现实主义小说)Gothicnovel(哥特式小说)：mystery,horror,castles(frommiddleparttotheendofcentury)1. AlexanderPope亚历山大•蒲柏1688~1744（18世纪英国最伟大的诗人，其诗多用“英雄双韵体”/“heroiccouplets”。词句工整、精练、富有哲理性。）AsarepresentativeoftheEnlightenment，PopewasoneofthefirsttointroducerationalismtoEngland....Eg.AmongtherepresentativesoftheEnlightenment,whowasoneofthefirsttointroducerationalismtoEngland?(C)A.JohnBunyanB.DanielDefoeC.AlexanderPopeD.JonathanSwift①批评论nArtisticfeatures:1.Using“heroiccouplets”②卷发遇劫记③道德论人论n愚人记2. SamuellJohnson塞缪尔•约翰逊1709~1784   ①Dictionary=英语大词典n3.JonathanSwift乔纳森•斯威夫特1667~1745（十八世纪杰出的政论家和讽刺小说家amastersatirist。）①格列佛游记(fictionalwork)Fourparts:Lilliput小人国Brobdingnag大人国24 FlyingIsland飞岛Houyhnhnm马岛一个小小的建议n②书战③木桶的故事n④一个麻布商的书信4.DanielDefoe丹尼尔•笛福1660~1731（小说家，新闻记者，小册子作者；十八世纪英国现实主义小说的奠基人。）lHeisthefirstwriterstudyofthelower-classpeople,hislanguageissmooth,easy,colloquialandmostlyvernacular,andheisthefounderofrealisticnovel.①鲁宾逊漂流记ItpraisethefortitudeofthehumanlaborandthePuritan.Robinsongrewfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.Itisanadventurestory,Robinson,narrateshowhegoestosea,getsshipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor24-yearsthereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.②③④5.HenryFielding亨利•菲尔丁1707~1754（英国小说家，戏剧家，被誉为“英国小说之父”。）Heiscalled“FatherofEnglishnovel”.Hewasthefirsttowritea“Comicepicinprose”(散文体史诗),andthefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructureandstyle.①novels:弃婴汤姆•琼斯约瑟夫•安德鲁大诗人江奈生•威尔德爱米利亚n②plays:一七三六年历史记事堂吉柯德在英国n6.OliverGoldsmith奥利弗•格尔德斯密斯1730~1774①poems: 旅游人 荒村②novel: 威克菲尔德牧师传n7.  RichardBrinsleySheridan理查德•布林斯利•施莱登1751~1816①情敌n②造谣学校8.WilliamBlake威廉•布莱克1757~1827①天真之歌Ahappyandinnocentworldfromchildren’seye.②经验之歌Awordofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytonefrommeneyes.Include: LambisasymbolofpeaceandpurityTygerisasymbolofdreadandoiolence③ 天堂与地狱的婚姻n24 9.RobertBurns罗伯特•彭斯1759~1796ThegreatestScottishpoetinthelate18thcentury.PoemsChieflyintheScottishDialect主要用苏格兰方言写的诗①约翰•安德生，我的爱人②一朵红红的玫瑰n③往昔时光④不管那一套n⑤我的心在那高原上⑥⑦2424'