GB 12466-1990 船舶及海洋工程腐蚀与防护术语.pdf 14页

'中华人民共和国国家标准船舶及海洋工程腐蚀与防护术语GB12466-50Terminologyforcorrosionandprotectionforshipandmarineengineering1主题内容与适用范围本标准规定了船加及海洋_L程金属腐蚀及试验方法、电化i保护、涂〔镀>l保护等方而的术语及定义本标准适用于科研、设日、生产、使用、教学等领域2腐蚀及试验方法一1,推fi0的序号A1语定义或说明!7义l司一2.1腐蚀众属与环境之间的物理一化学相互作用其结果使众属Cnrto气IOn的性能发生变化，并可导致金属、环境或由它们组)A(3勺体系的功能受到损伤|该和互作用通常为电化学性质LJ、击fL-,41ft卜1—十至少包含一对电极反应的腐蚀electrochemical一|又.〔)n七|2.3海洋腐蚀金属构件在海洋环撞中发生的腐蚀。海洋环境通常指含n月rlneCOTtOS『On海洋大气、匕溅区、潮汐区、全浸仄、海泥区等24}海洋大气腐蚀金属构件暴露在海L或岸边大气中发生的腐蚀marineatmosphericCnrr〔1叹.〔In卜在海水匕溅条件下发生的腐蚀飞溅[4.指风2.5一s1plial1s,hLxz}-IJ-c,orrosion起的海浪、飞沫溅散到的区域2.6Mt9ide37zLoAnMeeokaosion一土:边固定式金属构件处在高、低潮位区.可发生国家技术监督局1990-09一08批准1991-0501实施 GB12466-90{corrosiontest试样.完全浸没在海水中一叫i}}k$i}!}bl!i}54试39-tmseawater2.16!irki属或金属涂(镀)层试样遭受海水千湿交替条川试3}将某一金A与另一金属或电子导休构成腐蚀电池，侧电性金属IW蚀被加速的程度的试验 GB12466--90爪推养的序号一术语一又或沈叨}1义词__丰_________2.15磁致伸缩空泡腐蚀试利用磁致伸缩振动产」的空泡作月，检验金揭或涂一5;=C镀)层耐空泡腐蚀性9t的试验magnostrictionca,i一tationdainagetest{------一粉一一-一一--一一一一一-一------一-一一不锈钢点蚀试验一检测不锈钢点蚀倾向的uC验通常是在广徽化铁,j,Ipitingtestforstainles一中测定腐蚀减童或在氯化钠滩掖中用动电位极化法测定吓一蚀电位一一-一十不M1%缝隙腐蚀试验，检测不锈钢缝隙腐蚀倾间试验通常JU人tzI隙试C「CVIcecOrruslOn样在_氮化铁溶液中测定腐蚀减馗或研7电化学方法测定缝fo[stainlesssteel隙腐蚀倾向2.2检验铝含金晶间腐蚀7ry1向的试验通常把试样浸没/t`it5nes-tfgorarannuluIltamrjrAincoiuprmro4Csivonj盐酸酸化的氯化钠溶液中腐蚀，然后进行金相检在alloy2.22铝合金层状腐蚀试验检验铝合金层状腐蚀倾向的试验。通常把试样浸没在layercorrosiontestfor含氯化钠、硝酸钾和硝酸的溶液中腐蚀，然后按标准图像评aluminiumaloy;exfo-级一上]ationcorrosiontest1"oraluminiumaloy______上验黄铜脱锌倾向的试验。通常把试样浸没在}A化铜腐蚀，然后进行金相检N耐蚀跳在给定的腐蚀体系中金LAS所具有的抗腐蚀能力,.orrasmnres;stanee225腐面童奉--一司单位时间内金属的腐蚀效应腐蚀速率的表示方法取决于体系和腐蚀的类型例如41用单位时lul内腐蚀探度的增加戍单位时间内、lp位ifik;".腐蚀金属的减址或增童:4表示汽和其原始友叫间的垂直距离由于阴极产物的作用，使涂rt,与摧体之问的附着性i GB，2466--90序号术语定义或说明I不推荐的一同义词一一十-一--一一用按规定工艺{制备的涂层试板作阴极进行恒电位试验，确定给定电位下开始起泡的时间和程度或涂层不出现起泡、破裂的最负电一防锈涂f，‘叫{{atenvtli一认ntcr—-卜~一一~—一{31}防7H涂层实海试验将按规定工艺制备的防污涂层试板置于自然环境的海foulingcoating中，测定其防污性能的试验ItIesRtmnaluralsea、、atCt一检测防污材料在单位时间、单位面积上所释放毒料的32{1一dinegtermmetienationof_leac_h量一质一电化学保护序倒钊一一乙飞干一一一一-一—一一-一一-一——-一一一一一一一32蚀裕设计金属构件时，考虑使用期内可能产生的腐蚀损耗{3.33.4 GB12466903.141锌电极锌或具有稳定电位的锌合金和海水构成的参比3.1硫酸铜饱和溶液构成的参比电极 GB12466一90{_—一广三几几二-一-一斗-------一一一一-—一一-5”“}错银台ISFI极一，_以一定含银量的铅银合金制成的一种微溶性辅助阳‘Icaa-serveraloyancweIhR二履唇贾襄窗一蔽清尾舀诬轰蔽而杨蔽雨杯薇雨+极}3.20、妮或钮等表面铃有铂的一种不溶性辅助阳极I规或钮等表面包有铂箔的一种不溶性辅助阳极口latinumcladanode22{阳极屏蔽层在外加电流阴极保护系统流分布到较远的阴极表面以i均匀，而覆盖在辅助阳极周围一3.23布一一一—一一一一一一一一一—‘连接}在实施阴极保护时，为保kE$ctricalcontinuity性而采取的措施通常是指任何一个导体与大地(包括天然水域)的在阴极保护系统中是指有关导体与被保护结构的一|刁1冲阴极保护系统中，为防止舵腐蚀而采取的舵与船体的‘’”一r}utdgdemr6。一ng1卜电连接措施1:26{螺旋桨袖接地阴极保护系统中，为防止螺旋桨腐蚀而采取的棘1西-{琳。详Ilershaftbonding轴与船体的电连接措施3.27十牺牲与被保护体偶合的牺牲阳极提供保护电流的阴极保 GB1246690一不推荐的定义或说明同义词1丁依靠自身腐蚀速率的增加而使与之偶合的阴极获得保护的电极|wanicanode牛一3.29{锌合金牺牲阳极用锌基合金(如锌铝锅合金)材料制成的牺牲阳极1一sancoridf,icialimcauoy|上301|铝合金牺牲阳极用铝基合金(如铝一锌一锢系合金)材料制成的牺牲阳极mesacrificiala)uminiuesaloyanode州331.IR}-kWlIT14Pj,ium用镁基合金(如镁铝锌系合金)材料制成的牺牲阳极习saalcloriyfiacniaoldemagnesium3.32)N4牲阳极电流效率牺牲阳极实际供电蛾和理论供电量的百分比牺牲阳极在电解质中的自然腐蚀电位lrificialanode)—汁一一一一一一一一一一““一mclotsed}1lpioOten]timalgfoTrJ.在电解质中牺牲阳极工作状态下的电位牲阳极闭路电位与被保护体的保护电位的差值斗一336牺牲阳极使用到不足提供被保护结构所必需的电1}阳极消耗质量与阳极原质设之比3.37通过从金属结构排除杂散电流来防1卜腐蚀的电化学C】eCt,3.38为防庄污损而采取的措施 GB12466一90解|不推荐的术语定义或说明同义ial·39一厂电解海水防污利用电解海水放出的氯气和次氯酸根离子来防比海︸渤anti-Ibulingwith附着的方法trnly;ngseawater涂层及其它保护为改善涂层与鉴体间的结合力和防蚀效果，在涂装之前用机械方法或化"7"方法处理基休表面.以达到符合涂装一要求的措施一I面。+41;rGvyl}Ll}Z}r},rl4.2_{spe:rceYnopnadrat,ryionsurface一{生-_斗一’4..34l介w/1flTA}f.-Ag-一太}四w以IU}川乙艺过程4.引*9r?V一一一卞一、compressdairblast}化和粗cleanlng一46抛射除锈在抛丸机叶轮高速旋转时产生的离心力的驱动下，利centrifugalblast用.筒速磨料流的冲击作用，净化和粗化基体表而的工艺过.47火焰除烧产生的高温使锈层剥裂，随即用动力」flan,"工艺过程服水流的冲击作用净化基体表面的工艺过程表示涂装前钢材表面锈层等附it,物Yl除程度的分级一 GB1246690不推荐的序号术语定义或说明同义词4.10金属喷镀用高压气体将熔融的金属喷射到金属表面形成保护镀metalsprayin凡层的过程喷镀锌用喷钗工艺在结构件表面镀覆一层金属锌zincspraying4.12!喷镀铝用喷镀工艺在结构件表面镀覆一层余属铝用喷镀工艺在结构件表面镀覆层锌铝合金一将金属浸入熔融锌中使其表面镀覆一}-涂装将涂料涂覆于基体表面，形成具有防painting;ceating能涂层的过程4.16刮涂用刮刀施涂的涂装方法bladepainting‘·1‘一0br9ushpainting用刷子施涂的涂装方法东18一滚涂用羊毛或其它多孔吸附材料制成滚简施徐的涂装方法一innerrcu"ins4〕日喷涂用喷枪施涂的涂装方法spraying4.20压缩空气喷涂用压缩空气通过喷枪将涂料喷成雾状，涂覆在结构一airspraying面的涂装方法涂料在特制储罐中加压后经喷枪喷出，涂覆在结构表4.21IAairElesTscs-prLaPMying面上的涂装方法在水中hfi}对船舶或海洋结构物的水下部位iL再丽可‘.”17pXaTintiSzngV,underwater{的方法 GH12466一90工一_丁反川二丈石五二万一一一一一一卞一一下二二二二二万二二二丁二下二牛z“一NCFRan:PH一田7vz四现YCSE"r},n}coatingdefect{成的遮盖力不足、漆膜剥3Pr,"i4’，一f?Y"-_巨默和Rr内表面复一一月下一万一一一一—一州一一一一一一甲一一一一一一一一今‘“If-,",V}为防ILMIN,在金属制品Iwvering;cladding一原有表面与环境隔离31爆炸包覆应用爆炸产生的压力exploaloncladding材料的一巨艺-亩包缠为防上腐蚀，在管道、柱桩、轴等金属结构件外表面缠wrapping绕塑料、橡胶等带状防蚀材料.使原有表面与环境隔离 GB1246690附录A英文索引(参考件、A喇asspraying如airlessspraying川alternatingdryandwettestwithseawater洲aluminiumspraying思anodeshieldanti-corosionanti-corrosioncoatingtestinnaturalseawater2.30以26anti-corosionpaintanti-foulin吕3.38anti-foulingcoatingtestinnaturalseawater艺3Ianti-foulingpaint4.27anti-foulingwithelectrolyzingseawater3303.16auxiliaryanode········价···介················································⋯bladepainting1.IFibondtestofcoating2.28brushpaint且ng117Ccathodicd月‘bondmentcathodicpotentialresistancetestofcoatingcathodi,protectioncentrifugalblastcleanlng1.6cladding···，····价，·‘···‘·‘··‘······奋‘··奋‘·‘··奋··‘奋·⋯⋯牛30closedpotentialforsacrificialanode············⋯⋯‘二“二’二‘二‘二‘二‘二’二‘二’3.3牛coating9.73coatingdefeat卜，吕comp,medairblastcleaning}}constantpotentialrectifier·‘·······t·····t···⋯⋯‘二’·t二“一”二‘’二‘二‘controledrectifier····，··，·····⋯⋯，，·························介··‘⋯COrr0SIOncorrmionallowance··-·⋯。二，二。。.·。。···、····.····，-·t，-，一cormvondepth〕6-ionP".-ti..,Corosionprotection········，··············，·······，········t二“4，，‘父4吕 〔日12466一90corrosionrate····，·······，·，··，，·，⋯，·⋯卜，·，，.，，，一，二，，，，。，二，·.⋯，，二，二。，。二，，⋯2.25corrosionresistance····..................”············‘·‘········。一“······，二2.24corrostontest··········0⋯，······························。·“·····⋯⋯2.13covering·····························“价······“·············，····，·····，二4.30crevicecorrosiontestforstainlesssteel·········.........................·价··················⋯⋯2.20coppersulfateelectrode···，········，········价·，··········································⋯3.巧curentefficiencyforsacrificialanode·················‘·········4····⋯“二“⋯’.⋯3.32degreeofprotection·····。·····⋯“·4“二“‘⋯“.一“二。一，.‘”...·‘.·······‘········⋯⋯3.5determinationofdezincifieAamnresistanceofbrass···，·......................············，···⋯⋯2.23determinationofleachingrate·............................·····························，·，，⋯2.32drivingvoltageforsacrificialanode·················...................·············一3.35earthing····........................··········0···············”····“··”······二3.24electricalcontinuitybonding·······································‘··‘·······⋯⋯3.23electricaldrainageprotection·····“······，···”·，···················⋯⋯”·····。:.“··⋯⋯3.37electrochemicalcorrosion·”··“······················，，·。“。”·········，········，·····⋯⋯2.2electrochemicalprotection·，·········一“‘.钾.”户·..。·。····················，一功二，......3.3exfoliationcorrosiontestforaluminiumaloy···，·········””······“················一2.22explosioncladding····，·····朴。···”···········，·，·，··················“·“·卜‘，·‘·⋯4.31flamecleaning.“···········，····⋯⋯.，““，”···一和，24..1172fouling3.28galvanic9s卜ranic::protection3.27galvaniccorrosiont吧哆t2.174.14galvanizing3夕4groundingHhandtoolcleaning43heavy-dutycoating4.23highsiliconironanode·3.17highperformancecoating4.23highpresurewatercleaning4.8hotdippingzinc·⋯4.14immersioncorrosiontestinseawater夕IS219 GB1246690Impressedcurrentcathodicprotectionintetgranulatcorrosiontestforaluminiumalloy﹃layercorrosiontestforaluminiumalloy介],ad-sflveralloyanode川leadsilverplatinummicroelectrode娜lmin只··卜，，t········，·····，···⋯⋯Mmagnetostrietwo-nationdame只etestmarineatmosphericcorrosion2.2.18dmarineatmospheriecorrosiontestZ14marinecorrosion2t3marine伽intf2rmetals口raylng4.10openpotentialforsacrificialanode333overprotection36painbng··⋯“‘·.t···一’·⋯‘1{5paintingunderwater⋯⋯122percentageofprotectionS.绷pittingtestforstainlesssteel洲platinumcladanode咖platinumplatedanodepollutedseawatercorrosionpotentiostatpowertoolcleaningpre囚rationgrade1.Jpnmer,}.35pro邵Ilcrshaftbonding326protect-potentialrange3.吕口,electioncurrentdensity1.9referenceelectrode3.12rolerpamhng」.18rudder,bonding4，污sacrificialaluminiumal,yanode3.30 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