会计专业英语复习题答案.doc 15页

'《会计专业英语》复习题参考答案KeystoExercisesLesson1WordandTermStudy1.e2.d3.a4.c5.bReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.F2.F3.T4.F5.FB.(略)C.参考译文：由一人拥有和控制的企业被称为个人独资企业。这种企业形式比较简单，而且通常投资额较小。个人独资企业的所有者对企业内所有的事务制定决策并拥有企业的全部利润。合伙企业是由两个或以上的人（合伙人）共同拥有和控制的企业组织形式。一般在合伙企业中，每个合伙人对企业债务都承担无限责任。同时，合伙企业的寿命也是有限的，企业可能因为某个合伙人死亡或退休而终止。公司是依照法律规定成立的独立法人组织。公司由股东拥有，股东通过购买公司的股份为公司提供资本。股东个人对公司的债务不承担无限责任。大多数公司的经营业务由股东选出的董事会实施控制。Lesson2WordandTermStudy1.d2.c3.e4.b5.f6.aReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.F2.T3.F4.F5.FC.参考译文：在会计恒等式中，资产必须等于负债和所有者权益之和。因为债权人的财产要求权在企业清算时是优先于所有者支付的，所以在会计基本等式中，负债是排列在所有者权益前面的。会计恒等式适用于所有的经济实体，无论其大小、业务性质或组织形式。该等式适用于小型私人经济实体，如街边的杂货店，同样也适用于大公司。这一等式为记录和总结企业的经济活动提供了基本框架。Lesson3WordandTermStudy1.c2.e3.d4.b5.aReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.d2.b3.c4.c5.cB.2.Eachtransactionmustbeenteredintwoormoreaccountswithequaldebitandcreditamounts.Thenormalbalancesofthethreeaccountgroupsareasfollows:AccountgroupNormalBalanceAssetsDebitLiabilitiesCredit Owner’sequityCreditC.CaseProblem1.(1)June2AssetaccountdebitedandOwner’sequityaccountcredited.5Anassetaccountdebited,anotherassetaccountcredited.7Anassetaccountdebited,aliabilityaccountcredited.15Anassetaccountdebited,anowner’sequityaccountcredited.20Anexpensesaccountdebited,anassetaccountcredited.26Anassetaccountdebited,anotherassetaccountcredited.28Aliabilityaccountdebited,anassetaccountcredited.31Anowner’sequityaccountdebited,anassetaccountcredited.(2)June2DebitCash,increased;CreditO.WilsonCapital,increased5DebitVehicle,increased;CreditCash,decreased7DebitSupplies,increased;CreditAccountsPayable,decreased15DebitAccountsReceivable,increased;CreditServiceRevenue,decreased20DebitAdvertisingExpenses,increased;CreditCash,decreased26DebitCash,increased;CreditAccountsReceivable,decreased28DebitAccountsPayable,decreased;CreditCash,decreased31DebitO.Wilson,Drawings,increased(owner’sequitydecreased);CreditCash,decreasedD．参考译文：试算平衡表并不能证明所有的经济业务都已经入账，也不表明分类账的记录是正确的。即使试算平衡表的借贷栏合计相等，也还可能存在很多错误。例如，即使在以下情况下，试算平衡表仍可能是平衡的：（1）一笔业务没有登记到日记账；（2）一笔正确的日记账分录没有过账；（3）一笔日记账分录被两次过账；（4）在登记日记账或过账时使用了错误的账户；（5）在登记业务金额时两处或以上的错误互相抵销。换句话说，只要过账时借方和贷方的金额相等，即使过入的账户或金额是错误的，试算平衡表的借贷栏合计数仍然会相等。Lesson4WordandTermStudy1.b.c.d.g.h.2.(1)accountnumber(2)salesreturnsandallowances(3)creditpurchases(4)sourcedocument(orbusinessdocument)(5)journal;ledgeraccountsReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.c2.a3.c4.bB.1.CR2.S3.SR4.CR5.CP6.G7.CP8.P9.PR10.PC.(1)GENERALJOURNALJ1DateAccountTitlesandExplanationRef.DebitCredit 2009Jan134571013151720CashP.Wheeler,CapitalInvestedcashinbusiness.PrepaidRentCashPaidrentfor3monthsontheshopspace.RepairEquipmentCashPurchasedrepairequipmentforcash.CashServiceRevenueReceivedcashforservicesperformed.RepairEquipmentAccountsPayablePurchasedrepairequipmentoncredit.AccountsReceivableServiceRevenuePerformedserviceforFredBacaoncredit.AccountsPayableCashPaidforaccountowedtoComet.AdvertisingExpenseCashPaidforadvertisingservice.CashAccountsReceivableReceivedaccountfromFredBacaP.Wheeler,DrawingsCashWithdrewcashforpersonaluse.5,0006757001005.5450175250751753505,0006757001005.545017525075175350(2)PrepaidRentJan.3$675Bal.675CashJan.1$5,00051,005.517175Jan.3$675470013250157520350Bal.4,130.5RepairEquipmentJan.4$7007450 Bal.1150AccountsPayableJan.13$250Jan.7$450Bal.200ServiceRevenueJan.5$1005.510175Bal.1180.5AdvertisingExpenseJan.15$75Bal.75P.Wheeler,CapitalJan.1$5,000Bal.5,000P.Wheeler,DrawingsJan.20$350Bal.350AccountsReceivableJan.10$175Jan.17$175Bal.0(3)Wheeler’sRepairShopTrialBalanceJanuary20,2009DebitCreditCash$4130.5PrepaidRent675RepairEquipment1150AccountsPayable200P.Wheeler,Capital5,000P.Wheeler,Drawings350ServiceRevenue1,180.5AdvertisingExpense75Totals$6,380.5$6,380.5Lesson5WordandTermStudy1.c2.a3.b4.e5.dReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.d2.b3.d4.c5.cB.4.(1).June30DepreciationExpense1362AccumulatedDepreciation—Equipment1362(2).June30UnearnedRevenue4200ServiceRevenue4200 (3).June30InterestExpense650InterestPayable650(4).$2500-$1075=$1425June30SuppliesExpense1425Supplies1425(5).June30InsuranceExpense1170PrepaidInsurance1170C．参考译文：收入实现原则要求收入必须在其赚得的会计期间确认。在服务企业中，收入被认为是在服务履行的时候赚得的。另一方面，会计人员还遵循“费用跟着收入走”的原则。也就是说，费用的确认取决于收入在什么时候确认。例如，服务企业为履行服务所发生的工薪费用应当在服务收入确认的同一会计期间登记入账，并在同期的损益表中列报，而不论这项费用在此期间是否支付。Lesson6WordandTermStudy1.owner’sequity2.statementofowner’sequity3.report,T-account4.cashflowstatement5.interrelatedReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.F2.F3.T4.F5.TB.(略)C.CaseProblem1.(a).netincome=$3,070(b).J.SmithConsultingFirmIncomeStatementForthemonthendedApril30,2010ServiceRevenue$6,700ExpensesRentExpense$1,200AdvertisingExpense180SalariesExpense1,800UtilitiesExpense450TotalExpenses3,630NetIncome$3,070(c).J.SmithConsultingFirmBalanceSheet April30,2010AssetsLiabilitiesCash$4,150AccountsPayable$380AccountsReceivable4,200Short-termLoan3,000Supplies500TotalLiabilities3,380officefurniture1800Owner’sEquityJ.SmithCapital7,270TotalAssets$10,650Totalliabilitiesandowner’sequity$10,650Lesson7WordandTermStudy1.c2.e3.a4.b5.f6.dReviewExercises&ProblemsB.1.T2.F3.F4.F5.FC.1.TheABC,Capital,AccountsPayable,AccountsReceivable,AccumulatedDepreciation,Buildings,Cash,PrepaidExpense,Supplies,andUnearnedRevenueaccountsappearinapost-closingtrialbalance.2.a.Closingentries:Dec.31ServiceRevenue69,000IncomeSummary69,00031IncomeSummary37,900InsuranceExpense2,600SalariesExpense18,300DepreciationExpense7,200UtilitiesExpense1,200RentExpense8,60031IncomeSummary31,100Danny,Capital31,10031Danny,Capital5,500Danny,Drawings5,500b.AdjustedTrialBalanceClosingEntriesPost-ClosingTrialBalanceCash10,80010,800AccountsReceivable32,00032,000Supplies7,6007,600Equipment105,000105,000AccumulatedDepreciation—38,60038,600 EquipmentPatent26,00026,000AccountsPayable30,70030,700InterestPayable1,3001,300SalariesPayable5,2005,200Danny,Capital80,0005,50031,100105,600Danny,Drawings5,5005,500ServiceRevenue69,00069,000InsuranceExpense2,6002,600SalariesExpense18,30018,300DepreciationExpense7,2007,200UtilitiesExpense1,2001,200RentExpense8,6008,600IncomeSummary37,90031,10069,000Total224,800224,800143,500143,500181,400181,400c.Danny,CapitalBeginningbal.55,000April2025,000Closing5,500Closing31,100Endingbal.105,600Lesson8WordandTermStudy1.perpetualinventory2.DiscountReceived3.FOBshippingpoint4.salesreturnsandallowances5.GrossprofitReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.F2.T3.T4.T5.FC.Remon(seller):Sept.4AccountsReceivable—Dakota.SalesCostofGoodsSoldInventory1,7001,0501,7001,0505Noentry 8AccountsReceivable—DakotaSalesCostofGoodsSoldInventory1,2008501,2008509Freight-out(orDeliveryExpenses)Cash505015SalesReturnsandAllowancesAccountsReceivable—DakotaInventoryCostofGoodsSold20014020014019CashAccountsReceivable—Dakota1,0001,00022AccountsReceivable—DakotaSalesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryFreight-out(orDeliveryExpenses)Cash2,5001,650902,5001,6509030CashSalesDiscountsAccountsReceivable—Dakota2,45050*2,500*2%×$2,500=$50Dakota(buyer):Sept.4InventoryAccountsPayable—Remon1,7001,7005Freight-inCash40408InventoryAccountsPayable—Remon1,2001,2009Noentry.15AccountsPayable—RemonInventory20020019AccountsPayalbe—RemonCash1,0001,00022InventoryAccountsPayable—Remon2,5002,50030AccountsPayable—RemonCashDiscountReceived2,5002,45050Lesson9WordandTermStudy 1.policiesprocedures2.Dividingresponsibility(orSegregatingduties)3.accuracyreliability4.regularindependent5.guaranteesReviewExercisesA.1.T2.F3.T4.F5.FB.(略)C.Translation技术进步使电子商务得到发展。大多数公司有一些电子商务交易。所有这些交易至少涉及三种风险:（1）信用卡卡号被盗是这些交易数据在网络上使用，传输和储存的过程中存在的风险，这也增加了电子商务的成本；（2）电脑病毒是一个恶意程序，它会感染和损坏其他正常的文件和程序。（3）虚假的网上操作可导致销售收入假账的产生，采购不当材料，并在事主不知情的情况下将机密信息泄露给网络黑客。Lesson10WordandTermStudy1.billscoins2.Pettycash3.bankreconciliation4bankstatement5.cashoverandshortReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.F2.T3.T4.F5.FB．(略)C.(1)GatesCompanyBankReconciliationJuly31,2010Balanceperbankstatement$3000Balanceperbook$2600Add:depositofJuly31,notyetcreditedbythebank$100Add:Notecollectedbybank,plusinterest$408$3100$3008Deduct:outstandingcheckNo.607$520Deduct:NSFcheck428Adjustedbankbalance$2580Adjustedbookbalance$2580(2)Jul.31Cash—Checking408NotesReceivable400InterestRevenue8Jul.31AccountsReceivable428Cash—Checking428D.参考译文 现金收入的内部控制确保了所有现金收入的妥善记录和存入银行。许多业务活动产生了现金收入，包括现金销货，客户账款的收回，利息和租金收入，银行借款，资产出售，和业主投资。为了防止偷窃和滥用现金，从收到现款时起到现金存入银行的各个环节，公司都必须对其进行控制，这类程序称为预防性控制。发现偷窃或滥用现金的程序称为侦查性控制。Lesson11WordandTermStudy1.d2.c3.b4.f5.h6.a7.e8.gReviewExercises&ProblemsB.1.T2.F3.F4.T5.T6.TC.1.Dec.31,2008BadDebtsExpense5,300AllowanceforDoubtfulAccounts5,300Dec.31,2009BadDebtsExpense6,180AllowanceforDoubtfulAccounts6,1802.a.Dec.31,2008BadDebtsExpense3,940AllowanceforDoubtfulAccounts3,940b.May17,2009AccountsReceivable50,000Sales50,000c.June8AllowanceforDoubtfulAccounts3,000AccountsReceivable3,000d.July2Cash27,000AccountsReceivable27,000e.Dec.31BadDebtsExpense3,100AllowanceforDoubtfulAccounts3,100f.Jan.12,2010AccountReceivable3,000AllowanceforDoubtfulAccounts3,000Cash3,000AccountsReceivable3,000Lesson12WordandTermStudy1.finishedgoods2.FIFO(orfirst-in,first-out)3.specificidentification4.consistencyprinciple5.costmarketvalueReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.T2.F3.F4.T5.FB.4.(1)Unitsofendinginventory=Unitsavailableforsale–Unitssold=30-17=13Costoftheendinginventory:8units@$24…$192 5units@$19....95$287(2)Thereare13unitsofendinginventory.Costoftheendinginventory:10units@$20=$2003units@$19=57$257(3)Totalcostofgoodsavailableforsale=10×$20+12×$19+8×$24=$620Weightedaverageunitcost=$620÷30=$20.67Costoftheendinginventory:13units@20.67=$268.71C.参考译文：永续盘存制比定期盘存制能够对存货更好地进行控制。在永续盘存制下，存货账面记录反映了库存存货的应有数量，因此管理人员随时可以对存货进行盘点以核对库存存货数额是否与存货记录相符。所发现的任何盘亏存货都可以立即接受调查。尽管永续盘存制需要更多的记账和控制工作及较高的存货记录成本，但利用计算机信息系统能够将此类成本降到最低。Lesson13WordandTermStudy1.f2.c3.e4.a5.b6.dReviewExercises&ProblemsB.1.c2.d3.a4.b5.cC.1.(1)a.Straight-linemethod:1st-5thyear:$8,400b.Sum-of-the-years’-digitsmethod1styear:$14,0002ndyear:$11,2003rdyear:$8,4004thyear:$5,6005thyear:$2,800c.Double-declining-balancemethod1styear:$17,6002ndyear:$10,5603rdyear:$6,3364thyear:$3,801.65thyear:$3,702.4(2)$6,300(3)Accumulateddepreciation=17,600+10,560=$28,160Netbookvalue=44,000-28,160=$15,8402.(1)2010:$14,4002011:$12,0002012:$13,200(2)AccumulatedDepreciationatMay1,2012=14,400+12,000+13,200×4÷12=$30,800NetbookvalueatMay1,2012=77,000-30,800=$46,200Lossondisposal=46,200-45,000=$1,200Thejournalentrytorecordthedisposal:Cash45,000LossonDisposal1,200AccumulatedDepreciation30,800Truck77,000 Lesson14WordandTermStudy1.Currentliabilities2.accruedexpense3.facevalue(orprincipalvalue)4.DiscountonNotesPayable5.Interestexpense6.probable;reasonablyestimatedReviewExercises&ProblemsB.1.T2.F3.T4.T5.FC.CaseProblems1.a.August8b.$562.5c.$5,1002.2009Oct.17Cash28,000UnearnedRevenue28,000Nov.1Cash43,650DiscountonNotesPayable1,350NotesPayable45,000Dec.1AccountsPayable21,000NotesPayable21,000Dec.4UnearnedRevenue16,000ServiceRevenue16,000Dec.31InterestExpense675DiscountonNotesPayable675InterestExpense175InterestPayable175Jan.30NotesPayable21,000InterestExpense175InterestPayable175Cash21350Mar.1NotesPayable45,000InterestExpense675Cash45,000DiscountonNotesPayable675D.参考译文：假如客户做了某笔付款而企业并没有发出货物或提供相应的劳务，那么会计人员就要把这笔现金收款作为负债处理，记入预收账款。当客户的订单金额巨大或要求特殊时，企业一般会要求对方就订单预付一定现金，这样预收就会产生。另一种常见的情况是客户被要求交纳一定的保证金，比如不动产租赁时，出租企业一般会预收一个月的租金作为财产损失的保证金。 Lesson15WordandTermStudyA.1.d2.b3.a4.e5.cB.1.discount2.decrease3.carryingvalue/bookvalue4.effectiveinterest5.overReviewExercises&ProblemsB．1.T2.T3.F4.T5.FC.CaseProblema.Jan.1,2010Cash108,530PremiumonBondsPayable8,530BondsPayable100,000b.$4,000c.$31,470d.Understraight-linemethod:Jun.30,2010InterestExpense3,147Premiumonbondspayable853Cash4,000Undereffectiveinterestmethod:Jun.30,2010InterestExpense3,256Premiumonbondspayable744Cash4,000Lesson16WordandTermStudy1.d2.c3.e4.a5.bReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.T2.F3.T4.F5.FB.4.2009July2Cash3,000,000CommonStockatPar2,000,000AdditionalPaid-inCapital1,000,000July4Building950000Inventory620000CommonStockatPar1000000AdditionalPaid-inCapital570000July5Cash975000PreferredStockatPar750000AdditionalPaid-inCapital225000 5.Dec.31,2009TreasuryStock—CommonStock5100000Cash5100000(4400000sharesofcommonstockwereoutstandingafterthistransaction)EntriesfortransactionsonJanuary5,2010:Jan.5,2010CashDividendsDeclared1580000DividendsPayable—PreferredStock480000DividendsPayable—CommonStock1100000Jan.5,2010StockDividendsDeclared6160000CommonStockDividendDistributable6160000JournalentryonFebruary1,2010:Feb.1,2010DividendsPayable—PreferredStock480000DividendsPayable—CommonStock1100000Cash1580000Feb.1,2010StockDividendsDistributable6160000CommonStock6160000C.参考译文：股份公司通过从政府获颁章程而成立。公司章程申请书通常必须由称为公司创办人的发起人股东签署，然后递交给有权限的政府官员。当公司设立的申请手续完成、注册费支付以后，政府将下发公司章程，公司成立。然后公司的投资者就购买公司股份，召开股东会议，选举董事会。董事会负责监管公司的事务。Lesson17WordandTermStudy1.principaloperations2.long-terminvestments3.liabilities,stockholders’equity4.financingactivities.5.unqualifiedopinionReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.T2.F3.F4.F5.TB.5.(1).g(2).d(3).e(4).e(5).c(6).a(7).e(8).f(9).a(10).a(11).e(12).a(13).g(14).c(15).a(16).a(17).f(18).e6.(a)whollyalong-termliability.(b)$20000ofthemortgageiscurrentliability,$180000ofitislong-termliability.(c)whollyacurrentliability.(d)whollyacurrentliability.C.参考译文：上市公司 是通过年度报告的形式公布其财务报表和其他补充信息的。年度报告是登载关于公司的有用的财务和非财务信息的文件。年报中的非财务信息可能包括管理层对公司使命、宗旨、目标、市场地位的描述，以及公司主要管理人员的介绍。财务信息除了比较财务报表外，还可能包括对当期经营活动的回顾和重要历史财务数据和指标的列示。上市公司编制的财务报表通常要经过审计，并附上审计师的审计报告。财务报表的附件还包括管理当局对财务报表的责任声明。Lesson18WordandTermStudy1.horizontalanalysis2.Ratioanalysis3.currentliabilities4.Solvency5.timesinterestearnedratio6.returnonassetsReviewExercises&ProblemsA.1.F2.T3.T4.T5.FB.4.profitmargin=54600/780000=7%C.1.(1)inventoryturnoverratio=1200000/400000=3Averagedaysininventory=365days/3=122days(2)Receivablesturnover=2,000,000/500,000=4Averagecollectionperiod=365days/4=91days2.(a)Timesinterestearned=4.33(b)Earningspershare=$1.2(c)Price-earningsratio=22.5'