贵州隧道工程超前大管棚施工技术交底(辅助施工措施) 10页

贵州省赤水至望谟高速公路白腊坎至黔西段第五合同段技术交底记录表格编码：GCGL02编号：合同号LQTJ5交底主题隧道辅助施工措施桩号/部位/地点借角箐隧道Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-交底内容：详见后附交底人时间年月日接受交底人填表说明：1）交底书写清晰整洁，接受交底人必须亲笔签认或按手印。Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n附：借角箐隧道辅助施工措施技术交底记录一、设计说明借角箐隧道设计采用的施工辅助措施主要有超前大管棚、超前小导管等。超前大管棚一般设于两端洞口，防止隧道开挖塌方和仰坡变形；超前小导管适用于Ⅴ、Ⅳ级围岩段，主要防止隧道开挖发生塌方。1、超前大管棚：设置于隧道进出口端洞口，管棚单根长度40米。管棚钢管采用φ108×6mm热轧无缝钢管，环向间距40cm，接头用长15cm的丝扣直接对口连接。钢管设置于衬砌拱部，平行路面中线布置。要求钢管偏离设计位置的施工误差不大于2cm，沿隧道纵向同一横断面内接头数不大于50%，相邻钢管接头数至少须错开1.0m。为增强钢管的刚度，注浆完成后管内以M30号水泥砂浆填充。为了保证钻孔方向，在明洞衬砌外设70cm厚C25混凝土套拱，套拱纵向长2.0m，套拱内设置φ127×4mm孔口管。考虑钻进中钻头下垂，钻孔方向应较钢管设计方向上偏1～3°。钻孔位置、方向均应采用测量仪器测定，在钻进过程中也必须用测斜仪测定钢管偏斜度，发现扁斜有可能超限，应及时纠正，以免影响开挖和支护。2、超前小导管：设置在隧道洞内无长管棚支护的Ⅴ、Ⅳ级围岩地段，采用φ42×4mm的热轧无缝钢管。钢管环向间距40cm，纵向排距S-Ta、S-Ⅳa为200cm,S-Va、S-Vb、S-Vc为240cm，外插角控制在10～15°左右，尾端固定在钢拱架上，每排小导管纵向至少需搭接Ⅴ级围岩4m、Ⅳ级围岩3.5m。Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n二、工艺流程及施工技术要求1、超前大管棚（1）大管棚设计参数本隧道大管棚支护用于洞口端，具体参数如下：A．导管规格：外径108mm，壁厚6mm的热轧无缝钢管；B．管距：环向间距40cm；C．倾角：外插角1～3°；D．注浆材料：425#水泥浆及M30水泥砂浆；E．护拱：C25砼，长2m，厚70cm；F.长度：40m。（2）大管棚施工施工工艺流程见下图：钻孔工艺流程图钻机就位钻机固定测量布孔钻机大臂矫正钻孔及接长钻杆钻杆接长准备钻杆分节退出卸下Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n顶管施工流程图钻机上安装钢管顶进联接套接第二节管棚管顶第二接管棚管注浆水平钻机钻孔准备管节联接套加工制作钻管棚孔眼顶第一节管棚管管棚施工技术要求（1）管棚施工前应先施作导向墙（套拱），导向墙采用C25砼浇筑，导向墙纵向长度为2m，厚度为0.7m，环向长度可根据具体工点实际情况确定，导向墙基础需置于稳定或具有足够承载力的地基上；导向墙基础需嵌入管棚工作平台不小于0.5m，应加深或进行加固处理。导向墙施工前应先施工作业平台以上型钢钢架。Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n（2）管棚施作里程进口端为ZK37+592-ZK37+632、YK37+594-YK37+634、ZK39+590-ZK39+550、YK39+586-YK39+546，左、右洞每环各37根，每根长40m，间距40cm，外插角度1-3°。管棚施作完成后需进行管棚注浆，之后，方可进行洞身开挖。（3）管棚采用热扎无缝钢花管，外径108mm，壁厚6mm。每节钢管两端均预加工成外丝扣，以便连接接头钢管。钢花管注浆孔大小为15mm，间距60cm，呈梅花形布置。（4）注浆材料为水泥浆（添加水泥浆液体积5％的水玻璃），要求液浆强度等级不小于M10。采用单孔注浆结束标准:1)注浆压力逐步升高，达到设计终压并稳定10min；2）注浆量不小于设计注浆量的80%；3）进浆速度为开始进浆速度的1/4。（5）钢管分段安装，分段长3m、6m，两段之间用“V”型内加套管焊接，焊接套管长度必须大于或等于40㎝，焊缝宽度为1.5㎝，钢管接缝处不能在同一里程上，相邻两根钢管之间的接缝必须错开。钢管焊缝必须饱满，焊接完毕后及时清理焊渣，焊缝及内管尺寸必须达到要求。单环或终环大管棚尾部5m范围一般宜设小管棚搭接；纵向两组管棚间的搭接长度一般为6m。（6）超前管棚从上往下，分四层进行钻孔，每层1.5m，第一层拱顶开挖中线往下1.5m依次往下推。必要时在管棚周围及工作面喷砼,防止工作面坍塌。（7）搭设钻孔平台、安装钻机1)钻机平台用钢管脚手架搭设,搭设平台应一次性搭好,钻孔由1-2台钻机由高孔位向低孔位进行。2)平台要支撑于稳固的地基上,脚手架连接要牢固、稳定,防止在施钻时钻机产生不均匀下沉、摆动、唯一而影响钻孔质量。3）钻机定位：钻机要求与已定好的孔口管方向平行，必须精确核定钻机位置。用经纬仪、挂线、钻杆导向相结合的方法，反复调整，确保钻机钻杆轴线与孔口管轴线相吻合。（8）钻孔1）为了便于安装钢管，钻头直径采用φ127mm。2）岩质较好的可以一次成孔。钻进时产生坍孔、卡钻时需补注浆后在钻进。Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n3）钻机开钻时，应低速低压，待成孔10cm后可根据地质情况逐渐调整钻速及风压。4）钻进过程中经常用测斜仪测定其位置，并根据钻机钻进的状态判断成孔质量，及时处理钻进过程中出现的事故。5）钻进过程中确保动力器、扶正器、合金钻头按同心圆钻进。6）认真作好钻进过程的原始记录，及时对孔口岩屑进行地质判断、描述，作为洞身开挖时的地质预测预报参考资料，从而指导洞身开挖。（9）清孔、验孔1）用地质岩芯钻杆配合钻头进行反复扫孔，清除浮渣，确保孔径、孔深符合要求，防止堵孔。2）用高压风从孔底向孔口清理钻渣。3）用经纬仪、测斜仪等检测孔深、倾角、外插角。（10）安装管棚钢管1）钢管在专用的管床上加工好丝扣，导管四周钻设孔径10mm注浆孔（靠孔口2.0m处的棚管不钻孔），孔间距60cm，呈梅花型布置。管头焊成圆锥形，便于入孔。2）棚管顶进采用装载机和管棚机钻进相结合的工艺，即先钻大于棚管直径的引导孔，然后用装载机在人工配合下顶进钢管。3）接长钢管应满足受力要求，相邻钢管的接头应前后错开。同一横断面内的接头数不大于50%，相邻钢管接头至少错开1m。（3）施工质量检验标准1)钢管的型号、规格、质量等应符合设计和规范要求。2)超前大管棚与钢架支撑配合使用时，尾端与钢架焊接。3)钢管沿开挖轮廓线周边均匀布置，尾端与钢架焊接牢固，入孔长度符合要求。Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n超前大管棚质量标准项次检查项目规定值或允许偏差检查方法和频率1长度(m)不小于设计尺量：检查10%2孔位(mm)±50尺量：检查10%3钻孔深度(mm)±50尺量：检查10%4孔径(mm)大于杆体直径+20尺量：检查10%（4）施工注意事项大管棚必须在洞身开挖前完成。洞口开挖时应预留管棚施工台阶，搭设管棚施工工作室，钻机脚手架平台应支撑在稳固的地基上。在软弱围岩地段，立柱底应加设垫板或垫梁。在施作大管棚预支护的过程中应设置必要的监测项目，根据监测反馈信息及时采取相应的措施以保证施工安全和施工质量。2、超前小导管（1）小导管设计参数本隧道在隧道洞内无长管棚支护的Ⅴ、Ⅳ级围岩地段设置超前小导管支护，具体参数如下：A．导管规格：φ42×4mm的热轧无缝钢管；B．管距：钢管环向间距约40cm；C．倾角：外插角控制在10～15°左右；D．注浆材料：425#水泥浆；E．搭接长度：Ta级围岩＞186cm、Ⅴ级围岩＞146cm、Ⅳ级围岩＞138cm；Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\nF．布置范围：拱部32.16°～147.84°；G．长度：Ⅴ级围岩4m、Ⅳ级围岩3.5m。（2）超前小导管施工施工工艺流程见下图：超前小导管施工工艺流程地质调查注浆设计现场试验效果检查制定施工方案进入施工施工准备喷砼封闭掌子面钻孔打小导管注浆开挖配比试验浆液选择注浆参数设备准备管材加工材料准备机具准备准备1)小导管加工小导管前端5cm加工成尖形，以便插入，在管段中间部位四周钻φ6mm压浆孔，纵向间距15cm，梅花型布置，后端预留105cm止浆段不钻孔；2)小导管施工小导管采用先钻孔后下钢管法施工，待喷射砼封闭岩面后，按照设计Ⅴ级围岩在拱部32.16°～147.84°的范围内布设小导管、Ⅳ围岩在拱部42.18°～137.83°Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n的范围内布设小导管按照布孔位置用风动凿岩钻机先钻孔，使用高压风清孔，安设小导管，（或大锤）直接将小钢管打入岩层，并与预先埋设的钢架组合焊接在一起，后压注水泥浆。3)注浆施工参数①无水地段注单液浆（有水地段注双液浆）。水泥浆水灰比为1:0.6～1:1。注浆预加固后尽快开挖坑道；②注浆压力0.5～1MPa；③小导管注浆量计算：Q=πR2Lη式中：R—浆液扩散半径，取0.2m；L—小导管长度，取3.5~4m；η—岩体孔隙率，现场测定。4)注浆压力控制注浆口最高压力严格控制在0.5Mpa（施工中可根据实际情况进行调整）以内，以防压裂工作面。控制进浆速度，一般每根导管双液总进量控制在30L/min以内。每根导管内注浆量由计算确定，若压力上升，流量减少，虽然注浆量未达到计算值，但孔口压力已达到0.5Mpa，结束注浆。（3）施工质量检验标准1)钢管的型号、规格、质量等应符合设计和规范要求。2)超前大管棚与钢架支撑配合使用时，尾端与钢架焊接。3)钢管沿开挖轮廓线周边均匀布置，尾端与钢架焊接牢固，入孔长度符合要求。超前小导管质量标准项次检查项目规定值或允许偏差检查方法和频率1长度(m)不小于设计尺量：检查10%2孔位(mm)±50尺量：检查10%3钻孔深度(mm)±50尺量：检查10%Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-\n4孔径(mm)大于杆体直径+20尺量：检查10%（4）安全、质量注意事项施工期间，尤其在注浆时，应对支护的工作状态进行检查。当发现支护变形或损坏时，应立即停止注浆，采取措施。注浆结束4小时后，方可进行掌子面的开挖。相邻两排小导管搭接长度应符合设计要求，且Ⅴ级围岩不小于2.4米、Ⅳ围岩不小于2米。钢管要与拱架焊接牢固，注浆后注浆孔要堵塞密实。三、施工安全注意事项1、施工期间注意用电设备的维护，及时检修，防止漏电等事故。2、高空作业注意施工安全，严格按照高空作业规定佩带防护用（安全绳、安全带、安全帽等），工具袋。3、严禁酒后作业。5、严格执行项目部的有关安全规定；参照相应的施工规范施工。Agglutination,Brucellatest2.clinicalandimmunologicalanalysisofexternalqualityassessmentandqualitycontrol,methodanddataanalysis.Toknow:1.fully-automaticcalibrationofmicroplate,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.2.full/semi-automaticimmunologicalanalysercalibration,standardoperating,maintenanceandservicing.3immunofluorescencetestspecimenpreparation,usingafluorescentmicroscopeoperationandtheirownanalysisontheexaminationresultsofantibody.(Vi)professionalmasterofclinicalmicrobiologicalexaminationof:1.thecommonlyusedstainingofmicroorganisms.(Gram,resistancetoacid,inkstaining)2.commonnuclearcollection,cultivationandidentificationofspecimens.(Blood,CSF,sputum,urine,stool,pus,pleuraleffusion,secretion)3.commonculture,isolation,identificationanddrugsensitivetestofbacteria.(GoldenStaphylococcus,epidermalStaphylococcus,saprophyticStaphylococcus,micro-cocciis,a,,andb,anddgrouphammerbacteria,andswinehemolyticsexhammerbacteria,andpneumoniahammerbacteria,meningitis,andcardhe,andgonorrheaNeisseriameningitidisbacteria,producedsinglenuclearcellLisztbacteria,andcolorectalEscherichiacolibacteria,salmonellabacteria,recordshebacteria,Crabbbacteria,hafuniyabacteriais,deformationBacillusis,sildenafilcitrateacidBacillusis,andpuluofeiDengbacteriais,andPseudomonasaeruginosafakesinglecellbacteria,producedalkalifakesinglecellbacteria,andaddictedtomaltyellowsinglecellbacteria,andnotmovingBacillusis,andproducedalkaliBacillusis)4.commonspecimenspainted...Lesions,pepticulcerbleeding,bleedingfromesophagealvarices),hepatitisandalcoholiclivercirrhosis-9-