《飘》中的女性发展本科毕业论文.doc 35页

'树达学院本科毕业论文题目《飘》中的女性发展FemaleDevelopmentinGonewiththeWind姓名学号系（部）专业、年级指导教师 毕业设计（论文）原创性声明和使用授权说明原创性声明本人郑重承诺：所呈交的毕业设计（论文），是我个人在指导教师的指导下进行的研究工作及取得的成果。尽我所知，除文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外，不包含其他人或组织已经发表或公布过的研究成果，也不包含我为获得及其它教育机构的学位或学历而使用过的材料。对本研究提供过帮助和做出过贡献的个人或集体，均已在文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。作者签名：　　　　　日　期：　　　　　指导教师签名：　　　　　日　　期：　　　　　使用授权说明本人完全了解大学关于收集、保存、使用毕业设计（论文）的规定，即：按照学校要求提交毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版本；学校有权保存毕业设计（论文）的印刷本和电子版，并提供目录检索与阅览服务；学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文；在不以赢利为目的前提下，学校可以公布论文的部分或全部内容。作者签名：　　　　　日　期：　　　　　 湖南师范大学树达学院本科毕业论文诚信声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的本科毕业论文，是本人在指导老师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，成果不存在知识产权争议，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成果。对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体均已在文中以明确方式标明。本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。本科毕业论文作者签名：二○一○年月日一、湖南师范大学树达学院本科毕业论文开题报告书论文题目《飘》中的女性发展 作者姓名所属院、专业、年级树达学院英语翻译专业指导教师姓名、职称预计字数5000开题日期选题的根据：1）说明本选题的理论、实际意义2）综述国内外有关本选题的研究动态和自己的见解时过境迁，女性不再只拘泥于家庭，甘当传宗接代，抚育子女的工具，她们开始走出家门，在社会大舞台中开创自己的天地，实现自身的才华。现在越来越多的女性纵横驰骋在刀光剑影的职场上,一展身手.在通往成功的道路上，给原本一统天下的男人们带来前所未有的冲击和恐慌."没有什么不可以",成为女将们共同的心声。在职场中，对女性的要求不断提高，女性正面临着诸多的挑战。然而家庭主妇的地位又是不可或缺的。这是女人与生俱来的天职，相夫教子传承美德，看似清闲的任务，实则复杂、漫长，而又需要女性不断地自我充实。才与德，是当代女性自我发展不可或缺的两个方面。才华卓绝需要凭借一定的性格优势方能显露于人前，成就自己的事业。品德高尚是对当代人的更高要求，两者兼顾才能促进女性的良性发展。本文通过分析《飘》中两位典型女性的性格特征，为当代女性的自身发展提供几点建议。《飘》是美国女作家玛格丽特米切尔一生唯一的一部长篇战争史诗型小说。此书中女主人公斯嘉丽是一位有悖于传统的非典型女性，她美艳、聪明、独立、虚荣，为了达到目的，她甚至不惜使用为人所不齿的狡诈伎俩。然而她却是一位不折不扣的事业女强人，她身上所具有的不同于其他女性的品质在事业上发挥了极大的作用。另一位女主角梅兰妮完全不同于斯嘉丽的狡诈与自私，她在短暂的一生中仁慈、隐忍、善良又坚强，其美德另人折服。主要内容：本文拟分三章：第一章分析在内战前后斯嘉丽性格的变化及成长，主要包括战前的自在、任性；战后家园重建过程中体现的责任、勇敢与智慧以及她的爱情、婚姻关。第二章主要对梅兰妮的性格以及其人格魅力进行阐述。第三章通过分类现代女性，各从斯嘉丽与梅兰妮的性格优点中，给予商业女性与家庭主妇建议与启示。 研究方法：（1）文献法：广泛查找和阅读与小说相关的文献资料。（2）分析法：分析小说内容，形成自己对小说的人物描写的见解和观点。完成期限和采取的主要措施：完成期限:（1）2009.11月上网查资料，初步定下论文题目。（2）2009.12月中旬完成开题报告。（3）2010.3月上旬完成第一稿。（4）2010.3月下旬完成第二稿。（5）2010.4月中旬完成第三稿。（6）2010.4月下旬定稿。主要措施：从网上和图书馆查找相关资料，和同学交流讨论，听从指导老师意见和建议，不断改进。主要参考资料：Angelis,BarbaraD.SecretsAboutLifeEveryWomanShouldKnow[M]．Beijing:ZhongxinPress.2003．Bishop,JohnPeale.WarandNoPeace[J].TheNewRepublic,1936.(87)Elizabeth,R.T.ScarlettO’Hara:TheSouthernLadyasNewWoman[J].AmericanQuarterly.1981.(33)Mitchell,Margaret.GonewiththeWind[M].Beijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress.1992.Stuckey,W.J.NewBrandsofIndividualism[M].Oklahoma:UniversityofOklahomaPress.1966代良英．外国文学名著读本[M].成都：四川大学出版社.2003.荆兴梅.《飘》的女性主义解读[J].江苏科技大学学报.2005.(5)李培峰.论斯嘉丽的现实主义性格特征[J].新疆教育学院学报.1999.(4)玛格丽特·米切尔.贾文浩等译.飘[M].北京：中国致公出版社.2005熊欣.《飘》中斯嘉丽的反叛精神浅析[J].琼州大学学报.2005.(12)张绍含．给女人一生的最好忠告[M]．北京：蓝天出版社.2005指导教师意见：签名：年月日 开题报告会纪要时间地点与会人员姓名职务（职称）姓名职务（职称）姓名职务（职称）会议记录摘要：会议主持人签名：记录人签名：年　月日指导小组意见负责人签名：年月日学院意见负责人签名：年月日 湖南师范大学树达学院外语系（部）指导教师指导毕业论文情况登记表论文题目《飘》中的女性发展学生姓名陈洁所属专业、年级英语专业2006级指导教师姓名肖运初职称教授学历指导时间指导地点指导内容学生签名备注 二、湖南师范大学树达学院本科毕业论文评审表论文题目FemaleDevelopmentinGonewiththeWind作者姓名陈洁所系（部）、专业、年级外语系（部）英语专业2006年级指导教师姓名、职称肖运初教授字数5100定稿日期2010.4.30中文摘要玛格丽特.米歇尔所著的长篇小说《飘》在世界文坛上占据着不可替代的地位。小说通过描写战前战后的人民生活状况，以斯嘉丽、白瑞特、艾希礼和梅兰妮之间复杂的感情纠葛为线索，刻画了一幅壮观而又生动的美国南方社会的生活画面。在作品塑造的众多富有特色的人物中，两位女主角斯嘉丽和梅兰妮代表着两类女性，即家庭主妇与事业女性以及她们各自的人生态度。本文通过分析比较两者的性格特点，并提取其中优秀的品质以供当代女性学习。本文拟从三个方面展开讨论：一是在内战前后斯嘉丽性格的变化及成长，主要包括战前的自在、任性；战后家园重建过程中体现的责任、勇敢与智慧以及她的爱情、婚姻关。第二章主要对梅兰妮的性格以及其人格魅力进行阐述。第三章通过分类现代女性，各从斯嘉丽与梅兰妮的性格优点中，给予商业女性与家庭主妇建议与启示。关键词飘斯嘉丽梅兰妮现代女性英文摘要GonewiththeWind,thelongnovelwrittenbyMargaretMitchellhastakenanirreplaceablestatusintheworldliterature.Thenovelportraitsthelivelihoodfromthebreakingouttotheendingofthewar,setsitscluesthroughthecomplexlovebetweenScarlett,Rhett,Ashley,andMelanie,toshowreadersasplendidandvividlivingpictureofthesouthAmerican.Amongallthetypicalcharacterslivelybuildbythewriter,thetwomajorfemaleroles—ScarlettandMelanierepresenttwokindsoffemales-thehousewifeandbusinesswoman,andtheirlifevalue.Thisarticleistoanalyzeandcomparebothcharacters’personalities,andtoextracttheirgoodqualitieswhichcanbelearntbymodernfemales.Thearticleiswrittenfromthreeaspects:thefirstoneisScarlett’spersonalitiesandpersonaldevelopmentaroundtheCivilwar,includehercarefreeandself-willbeforetheCivilwar,Scarlett’sresponsibility,braveryandwisdominpostwarreconstruction,andherspecialviewsofloveandmarriage;thesecondoneshowsMelanie’spersonalitiesandpersonalitycharm;inthelastpart,Iclassifymodernfemaleintotwomajorparts-thebusinesswomanandthehousewife,andsetScarlettandMelanieasexamplesformodernfemaletofollow.关键词GonewiththeWindScarlettMelanieModernfemale 毕业论文指导教师评定成绩评审基元评审要素评审内涵满分实评分选题质量30%目的明确符合要求选题符合专业培养目标，体现学科、专业特点和综合训练的基本要求10理论意义或实际价值符合本学科的理论发展，有一定的学术意义；对经济建设和社会发展的应用性研究中的某个理论或方法问题进行研究，具有一定的实际价值10选题恰当题目规模适当5难易度适中5能力水平35%查阅文献资料能力能独立查阅相关文献资料，归纳总结本论文所涉及的有关研究状况及成果，并恰当运用5综合运用知识能力能运用所学专业知识分析、研究和阐述问题；论文内容有适当的深度、广度和难度10研究方案的设计能力整体思路清晰；研究方案合理可行5研究方法和手段的运用能力能运用本学科常规研究方法及相关研究手段（如计算机、实验仪器设备等）进行实验、实践并加工处理、总结信息10外文应用能力能阅读、翻译一定量的本专业外文资料、外文摘要和外文参考书目（特殊专业除外）体现一定的外语水平5论文质量35%文题相符较好地完成论文选题的目的要求5写作水平论点鲜明；论据充分；条理清晰；语言流畅10写作规范符合学术论文的基本要求。用语、格式、图表、数据、量和单位、各种资料引用规范化、符合标准10论文篇幅符合学校文件（处发[2007]68号）要求5成果的理论或实际价值成果富有一定的理论深度和实际运用价值5正文部分成绩（上表）：总成绩：评定等级：指导教师评审意见：指导教师签名：说明：此表指标部分为正文部分计分表，正文部分成绩＝实评总分×0.9，外文资料译文成绩满分为10分。总成绩＝正文部分成绩＋外文资料译文成绩。评定成绩分为优秀、良好、中等、及格、不及格五个等级，总成绩90—100分记为优秀，80—89分记为良好，70—79分记为中等，60—69分记为及格，60分以下记为不及格。若译文成绩为零，则不计总成绩，评定等级记为不及格。 毕业论文评阅教师评定成绩评审基元评审要素评审内涵满分实评分选题质量30%目的明确符合要求选题符合专业培养目标，体现学科、专业特点和综合训练的基本要求10理论意义或实际价值符合本学科的理论发展，有一定的学术意义；对经济建设和社会发展的应用性研究中的某个理论或方法问题进行研究，具有一定的实际价值10选题恰当题目规模适当5难易度适中5能力水平35%查阅文献资料能力能独立查阅相关文献资料，归纳总结本论文所涉及的有关研究状况及成果，并恰当运用5综合运用知识能力能运用所学专业知识分析、研究和阐述问题；论文内容有适当的深度、广度和难度10研究方案的设计能力整体思路清晰；研究方案合理可行5研究方法和手段的运用能力能运用本学科常规研究方法及相关研究手段（如计算机、实验仪器设备等）进行实验、实践并加工处理、总结信息10外文应用能力能阅读、翻译一定量的本专业外文资料、外文摘要和外文参考书目（特殊专业除外）体现一定的外语水平5论文质量35%文题相符较好地完成论文选题的目的要求5写作水平论点鲜明；论据充分；条理清晰；语言流畅10写作规范符合学术论文的基本要求。用语、格式、图表、数据、量和单位、各种资料引用规范化、符合标准10论文篇幅符合学校文件（处发[2007]68号）要求5成果的理论或实际价值成果富有一定的理论深度和实际运用价值5正文部分成绩（上表）：总成绩：评定等级：评阅教师评审意见：评阅教师签名：说明：此表指标部分为正文部分计分表，正文部分成绩＝实评总分×0.9，外文资料译文成绩满分为10分。总成绩＝正文部分成绩＋外文资料译文成绩。评定成绩分为优秀、良好、中等、及格、不及格五个等级，总成绩90—100分记为优秀，80—89分记为良好，70—79分记为中等，60—69分记为及格，60分以下记为不及格。若译文成绩为零，则不计总成绩，评定等级记为不及格。 三、湖南师范大学树达学院本科毕业论文答辩记录表论文题目FemaleDevelopmentinGonewiththeWind作者姓名陈洁所系（部）、专业、年级外语系（部）英语专业2006年级指导教师姓名、职称肖运初教授答辩会纪要时间地点答辩小组成员姓名职务（职称）姓名职务（职称）姓名职务（职称）答辩中提出的主要问题及回答的简要情况记录：会议主持人签名：记录人签名：年月日 答辩小组意见评语：评定等级：负责人（签名）：年月日学院意见评语：论文学院最终评定等级：负责人（签名）：学院（公章）年月日学校意见评语：评定等级：负责人（签名）：年月日 ContentsAbstract………………………………………………………………….1Introduction2Chapter1Scarlett’sPersonalitiesandPersonalDevelopment41.1CarefreeandSelf-willbeforetheCivilWar51.2Stubbornnessinloveandintentionalinmarriage61.3Scarlett’sResponsibility,BraveryandWisdominPostwarReconstruction8Chapter2Melanie’sPersonalitiesandPersonalityCharm112.1Atraditionalandtoleranthousewife112.2Anunselfishandforbearingwoman12Chapter3GoodQualitiesforModernFemaletoFollow143.1Scarlett’sGoodqualitiesforbusinesswoman143.1.1Theliberationofnature143.1.2Braveryandpersistence153.1.3Decisiveandsacrifice153.2Melanie’sGoodqualitiesforhousewife163.2.1Love163.2.2RespectandTrust17Conclusion18Notes1921 Bibliography20Acknowledgements2121 FemaleDevelopmentinGonewiththeWindChenJieAbstract:GonewiththeWind,thelongnovelwrittenbyMargaretMitchellhastakenanirreplaceablestatusintheworldliterature.Thenovelportraitsthelivelihoodfromthebreakingouttotheendingofthewar,setsitscluesthroughthecomplexlovebetweenScarlett,Rhett,Ashley,andMelanie,toshowreadersasplendidandvividlivingpictureofthesouthAmerican.Amongallthetypicalcharacterslivelybuildbythewriter,thetwomajorfemaleroles—ScarlettandMelanierepresenttwokindsoffemales-thehousewifeandbusinesswoman,andtheirlifevalue.Thisarticleistoanalyzeandcomparebothcharacters’personalities,andtoextracttheirgoodqualitieswhichcanbelearntbymodernfemales.Thearticleiswrittenfromthreeaspects:thefirstoneisScarlett’spersonalitiesandpersonaldevelopmentaroundtheCivilwar,includehercarefreeandself-willbeforetheCivilwar,Scarlett’sresponsibility,braveryandwisdominpostwarreconstruction,andherspecialviewsofloveandmarriage;thesecondoneshowsMelanie’spersonalitiesandpersonalitycharm;inthelastpart,Iclassifymodernfemaleintotwomajorparts-thebusinesswomanandthehousewife,andsetScarlettandMelanieasexamplesformodernfemaletofollow.Keywords:GonewiththeWind;Scarlett;Melanie;Modernfemale内容提要：玛格丽特.米歇尔所著的长篇小说《飘》在世界文坛上占据着不可替代的地位。小说通过描写战前战后的人民生活状况，以斯嘉丽、白瑞特、艾希礼和梅兰妮之间复杂的感情纠葛为线索，刻画了一幅壮观而又生动的美国南方社会的生活画面。在作品塑造的众多富有特色的人物中，两位女主角斯嘉丽和梅兰妮代表着两类女性，即家庭主妇与事业女性以及她们各自的人生态度。本文通过分析比较两者的性格特点，并提取其中优秀的品质以供当代女性学习。本文拟从三个方面展开讨论：一是在内战前后斯嘉丽性格的变化及成长，主要包括战前的自在、任性；战后家园重建过程中体现的责任、勇敢与智慧以及她的爱情、婚姻关。第二章主要对梅兰妮的性格以及其人格魅力进行阐述。第三章通过分类现代女性，各从斯嘉丽与梅兰妮的性格优点中，给予商业女性与家庭主妇建议与启示。关键词：飘;斯嘉丽;梅兰妮;现代女性21 IntroductionAsGonewiththeWindhasbeingpopular,twoheroinesinthisnovel-ScarlettandMelaniealsoleftadeepimpressiononreadersmindbytheirextremelydifferentpersonalities.Althoughtheyareentirelydifferentfromeachotherinalmostallaspects,fromtheopinionstowardsocialtotheevaluationtothemselves,theybothcanbehighlypraisedbymodernfemale.Duringbothoftheirlives,theyarewonderfulsoldiersfightingintheirownbattles.Scarlett,withhernaturalrebellion,againstanyrestrictionsfettledher,shepursuestheforevercarefreeandhappiness,forwhichgoalsshehastobestrongenoughandsaveenoughmoney.Melanieseemsnotambitious,butshehasbeenamodelofwifewhohassetaglorystatus.Timehaschanged,womennowadaysshowedtheirimportanceineverypartofhumanlife.“Businesswoman”isnolongerararewordsincewomenbegintorushintothebusinessworldandtakeahalfcrucialroleinfamilyincomes.However,inordertorunasuccessfulcareer,womenmustsuffermuchmorethanmen.ScarlettO′Hara,awomanwhoisbrave,confident,innovative,andindifferentanddaretodefiancethesocialrestrictions,possessesallofthequalitiesofbusinesswoman.Whatcannotbechangedwiththetimeisthesocalled“naturalduty”.Asawoman,hernaturaldutyistolookafterherhusbandandchildrenandtomaintaintheharmonyofthefamily.Itispossiblethattobeagoodwifeisnoeasierthantobeagoodbusinesswoman.ForMelanie,awomanwhogetsthequalitiesoftolerance,respect,sincerityandtrust,canbeabsolutelycalledaperfecthousewife.21 ImadethispaperaimstosetScarlettandMelanieasthemodelofbusinesswomanandhousewife,givinggoodexamplesandsuggestionsformodernfemale’spersonaldevelopment.Thearticlecontainsthreelargeparts.ThefirstpartisthechangingofScarlett’scharacteristicsaroundtheCivilWar.Itconsistsofherantebellumcarefreeandself-will,postwarresponsibility,braveryandwisdomandstubbornnessinloveandintentionalinmarriage.ThesecondpartcomestoMelanie’spersonalitiesandpersonalitycharm,somethingaboutherkindhearted,mercyandtoleranttobeagoodwife.Thelastpartselectssomeoftheirgoodqualitiesformodernfemalestofollow,forexample,qualitiesofnaturalliberation,braveryandpersistence,decisiveandsacrificeforofficeladies;loverespectandtrustforhousewives.21 Chapter1Scarlett’sPersonalitiesandPersonalDevelopmentTwopopularandcomparablerolesinthisnovelareScarlettandMelanie.Bothofthemareyoungladiespopularamongupperclass.AsrivalstheybothlikeAshley,buttheyarenodoubtbestfriendswithoppositecharacters.Oneisaself-concernedbusinesswoman,whorunsherowncareerandfeedabigfamily.Theotherisatypicalhousewife,whoisobviouslyagoodwifeandmother.PursuingfortrueloveisamainclueofScarlett’sstory.HercontinueloveforAshleyandcourageofadmitherloveismuchadvanceofothergirlsatthattime.Shehasthestrongbraverytofacefreshandbloodandtoovercomedifficulties,butherwishofindependenceisnotacceptedbythesocietyatthattime.WhatacceptedbythatsocietyiswomanlikeMelaniewhonevercomplaintsandfightsforherdream,orinotherwordstheonewhohaslittleegoism.Scarlettisrebellionagainstsocialrestrictions.Shehatestherulesofthesociety.SheherselfdecideshermarriagetoCharles,andafterhisdeath,shedisagreeswiththerulethatawidowmustwearblackweedsandcan’tshowherfaceinthepublic.Evenintheparty,sheacceptsRhett’sinvitationtodancewithhimopenlyandignoresotherpeople’scomplains.SherunsherowncareersothatshecanprotectTara—herhouseland.Heractionisaheavyblowtosocietywhichisman-centered.Aftershehaswenttroughthefailureoflove,enduredthefearofwar,reconstructedthepostwarTara,surfferedfromthedeathofherbeloveddaughterandseentheleavingofherhusband,Scarlettstillhasnotbenttothefate.AsAshleyoncesaid,”AtnomomenthaveIeverseenyouuseahandkerchief.”21 Nevercaresaboutotherpeople’sopinionandbreaksthestereotypethatwomencannotrunbusinesssuccessfully,Scarlettwithherspiritofadvanceandcreation,createdafemale-managerphenomenon.1.1CarefreeandSelf-willbeforetheCivilWarScarlett,growsupintheoldestdaughteroftheownerofTara—afarmland,inwhichshehassufferedstrictmanagementandeducationoftraditionalprincipals.Thesameasanyothergirlsinupperclass,shelivesaverysimpleandhappylife,preparingforbecomingthebeautifulwifeofagentleman.ShewaspartlyhopingforbeingahousewifelikeMelaniedoes,buthercharactersofcarefreeandself-willmadeherbehaviordifferentfromothers,andrebellionagainstsocialrestrictionsfrequentlyburstoutunderthepressurefromfamily.Shealwaysexpresseshergreathatredandrebellionontheprincipalsthatfettledwomen.Duringthewholelife,Scarlettkeepshertruthandbeherown.ArtificialmannersarewhatScarlettdistains:“I’mtiredofeverlastinglybeingunnaturalandneverdoinganythingIwanttodo.I’mtiredofactinglikeIdon’teatmorethanabird,andwalkingwhenIwanttorunandsayingIfeelfaintafterawaltz,whenIcoulddancefortwodaysandnevergettired.I’mtiredofsaying,‘Howwonderfulyouare!’tofoolmenwhohaven’tgotone-halfthesenseI’vegot,andI’mtiredofpretendingIdon’tknowanything,somentellmethingsandfeelimportantwhilethey’redoingit.SomedayI’mgoingtodoandsayeverythingIwanttodoandsay,andifpeopledon’tlikeitIdon’tcare.”[1]Shedoesaswhatshesayssothatshelivesasfreeasshewants.Sheisdifferent,andbecauseofthisdifferences,Scarlettisdestinedtobedamned—“Nogirlinthecounty,reallylikedScarlett.”[2]21 Scarlett“lookedsweet,charmingandgiddy,butshewas,inreality,self-willed,vainandobstinate.ShehadtheeasilystirredpassionsofherIrishfatherandnothingexceptthethinnestveneerofhermother’sunselfishandforbearingnature”.[3]Shehascaughtalmostalltheyounggentlemenintheneighborhoodmadforher.Shelikesbeingafocalpointandflirtingwithguys,butintheaspectoflove,shehasherownview.ItisonlyAshleywhose“drowsygreyeyeswidewithasmileandthesunsobrightinhisblondhairthatitseemedlikeacapofshiningsilver”[4]madeScarlettfallinlove.FacingtothefactthatAshleyisengagedwithMelanie,shemanagedtoexpressAshleyherlove,nocarehowlosingfacethingitis,andshealsodon’tcareaboutthefeelingsofothers,thepotentialconsequenceifshewinAshley’slovesuccessfully.Atthatperiod,shestillmaintainedthepureofcountrygirls,livinginadreamnaively.Therefore,whenshefailedandshowedangrytoAshley,herself-willmadesherashlydecidedtomarryCharleswhoshedoesn’tloveatallandheisonlyatooltohurtandtoapproachwithAshley.1.2StubbornnessinloveandintentionalinmarriageLoveandmarriageseemsintegrative,butforScarlett,loveisgreatwhilemarriageisnotthatimportant.Itisatoolforlivingabetterlifeoranaimforcatchinggoalsratherthanarefugeefulloflove.ScarlettshowsmuchstubbornnessinlovethatshenevergivesupherlovetoAshley,nomatterhowhardthesituationwasandhowweakAshleywaswhenhecamebackfromthebattle.Evenwhenshehashusbandandhappyfamily,shestilldesiringforAshley’slove.Indeed,sheisatruthfulslaveoflove.ShelovesAshleybecauseamongalltheyoungmansheflirtswith,heistheonlyonewhoseemsto21 havethestrengthofcharactersheadmires.ThedifferencebetweenAshleyandtheotherguysisthatAshleyiswelleducated,intellectually,artisticallyandmusicallytalented,anddoesnotputhimatthemercyofeveryprettyface.Heisalsotallandhandsome,andsomewhataloof,Scarlettdoesn’tunderstandanythinghetalksabout,butsheisdrawntohisdignityandhisoldworldcharm.Infact,Scarlettdoesn’tunderstandhimatall.Whatsheseesisjusthissurfacemerely,knowingnothingabouthisdispositionandthought.Scarlett’sidealizationofAshleyslowlyfadesastimegoeson,andshefinallyseesthatherloveforAshleyisjust“ayounggirl’sdreamofthePerfectKnight.”[5]Ontheotherhand,hermarriageseemsmaterialandunromantic.HerfirsthusbandCharlesHamiltonwhowasdiedduringtheCivilWaraftertwomonthsoftheirmarriage,andScarlettbecomesawidowatsixteenyearsold.Thewarchangeshergoaloflife.Inordertosurvive,tosaveTara,shemarrieshersister’sloverbysubterfugeoncemore.Notlongafterhersecondhusband’sdeath,shemarriesRhettforherthirdmarriage.Shethinksthatmarringhim,shewillneverhavetobotheraboutmoneyagain,toknowthatTarawassafe,thatthefamilywasfedandclothed,thatshewouldneveragainhavetobruiseherselfagainststonewalls.RhettButler,isthemanwhounderstandsandlovesScarlettmost.HefallsinlovewithScarlettthefirsttimehesawher.Butheknowsher,atleasthethinksso,sheis“sobrutaltothosewholoveyou,Scarlett.Youtaketheirloveandholditovertheirheadslikeawhip”[6].“WheneverScarlett’sgumptionfails,whensheneedsmoney,rescue,consolation,orchallenge,RhettButlerappears”[7]WithRhettbesideher,shefears21 nothing.Theyareofthesamekind,soRhettspoiledherandconfidentthatshewouldfallinlovewithhim,butheleftintheend.HetellsScarlettwhyhisfeelingforherhaschanged:“Iwantedyoutoplaylikeachild—foryouwereachild,abrave,frightenedbull-headedchild.Ithinkyouareachild.Noonebutachildwouldbesoheadstrongandsoinsensitive...IliketothinkthatBonnie(theirdaughter)wasyou,alittlegirlagain”.[8]1.3Scarlett’sResponsibility,BraveryandWisdominPostwarReconstructionScarletthaschangedwiththeconditiongoingharderandharder.DuringthewartimeinAtlanta,hersenseofResponsibilitygrewsteeply.Asthebattlefieldsituationgetshard,theresidentsofAtlantastarttofleeaway.ScarlettalsowantstogobacktoTara,butshefinallydecidedtoaccompany,protectandhelpMelaniewhowasinweakhealthcondition.ItispartlybecauseofherpromisetoAshley,tokeepherpromisetoAshley,shesufferedgreatscaleandhomesick,decidedtoaccompanyandhelpMelaniewhentheYankeeswouldtakethecityinnotime.ButshestillhasfriendshipwithMelanieandsherealizedthatshebearsresponsibilitytoherweakfriendaswell.Scarlettistotallydifferentfromothergirlsatall.Sheneverfearsofdifficulties.ShesucceedstohaveMelanie’sbabybathed.Melaniealso,succeedstofallasleep.“NowthattheexcruciatingordealofhelpingMelaniethroughchildbirthisover,Scarlett’sselfcontrolcollapses.”[9]WiththehelpofRhettandhishard–earnedhorse,Scarlettisledthroughtheburningcityandthedangerouscountryside.Thankstoherbravery21 andstubbornnessonceagain,afteradayandnight’smiserablejourney,Scarlettandothers,safelyarrivesatTara,herhome.WhenScarlettcamebacktoTaraatwhichshethoughtcanburyherheadinhermother’slap.ThelongroadfromAtlantatoTarahasended“inablackwall,theroadthatwastoendinEllen’sarms”.“Therewasnosecurityorheaventowhichshecouldturnnow”.[10]Thereisnooneonwhoseshouldersshecanrestherburdens.NowScarlettislookingthingswithneweyes,forsomewherealongthelongroadtoTara,shehaslefthergirlhoodbehindher.Sheisawomannowandyouthisgone.[11]IntheNegroes’gardenpatchesofWilkes’plantation;shelickeddownbyhungerandtiredness.Whenshearisesatlastandseestheblackruinsofthefarmland,herheadisraisedhighandsomethingthatis“youthandbeautyandpotentialtenderness”hasgoneoutofherfaceforever.AtthatmomenthungergrowsatheremptystomachagainandScarlettsaysaloud:“Asgodismywitness...theYankeesaren’tgoingtolickme.I’mgoingtolivethroughthis,andwhenit’soverI’mnevergoingtobehungeragain.No,noranyofmyfolks.IfIhavetostealorkill—asGodismywitness,I’mnevergoingtobehungeragain”.[12]Duetosuchbitterness,thelifeofScarlettstartstochange.Sherealizedthatsheisnolongeradreamfulgirl,butaheroineinoldtimeswhobearsaburdenofsupportingabigfamilyandreconstructTara.MaybeScarlettisnotwideenough,butshehassucceededandcaughthergoalsofTarainherownway.Whenthetaxationaffairtookplace,ScarlettfirstasksRhettforhelptoraisemoney.“Beingamerewomaninasocietythatisbankruptandstilldominatedbymenwhoareeitherstupidoridealistic—andinanycaseineffectual—Scarlettmustuse21 theonlymeansavailabletoherforsavingthefamilyplantation:sex”.[13]Unfortunately,althoughshehasplannedtosacrificeherselftoRhett,shefails.However,inanycaseshewillnotgiveupTara,andherfolks.“Shewillseducehersister’sfiancéinordertogethismemory”.[14]Togetenoughmoney,Scarletintendedtorunthemillherself.Itshotabigblowtoherhusbandaswellasothermenandwomeninthatcounty.Actually,seldomhadamanheardofwomeninbusinessanywhereunlesswomenweresounfortunateastobecompelledtomakemoneytoassisttheirfamiliesinsuchahardtimeofwar.Scarletalwaysbelievethatwomenhadhardnessandenduranceunknowntomen,despitewhatshewastaughtinchildhoodthatwomenwerefrail,gentle,sensitivecreatures.Shewasawomanwhocouldrunbusinessaswellorevenbetterthanmen.Shehadbeenbroughtuptobelievethatawomanalonecouldachievenothing,butshehadmanagedtheTarawithoutman’shelp.Shebelievedthatwomancouldmanageeverythingintheworldwithoutmen’shelpbuthavingbabies.Withtheviewthatshewasascapableasamancameasuddenrushofprideandpowerdesiringtoproveit,tomakemoneyforherselfasmendid.Letmoneybeherownpropertyandshecouldhandleitatherownwill.21 Chapter2Melanie’sPersonalitiesandPersonalityCharm2.1AtraditionalandtoleranthousewifeMelaniemaybethemosttraditionalwomenwhoobeytotheprinciples,conformstoalltherequirementsforwomen:kind,graciousandforgiving,trust,respectandlove.ForMelanie,familyloveplaysthemostcrucialroleinherlife.Sheknowsverywelltheskillsofmaintainafamily.ShefullybelieveinAshley,believethathewouldcomebacksafelyfromthebattlefield,believethathewouldneverbetrayherevenifScarlettwaseagerforelopingwithherhusband.ShehandledthescandalbetweenScarlettandherhusbandpolitelyandgracefully,whichnotonlysavedherhusbandandScarlett’sfame,butalsokeptScarlettbesideherself.Evenwithoutacharmingappearanceshewonherhusband’sheart.Melanieconsideredherhusbandandchildasallshehad.HerloveforAshleyismorelikelytobesaidasgenerallove,itjustbecauseheisherhusband,butherloveiseverlastingandpowerful.AshleymarriesMelaniealsonotbecausehelovesherbutbecausetheyarealikeandonlyhestayswithMelanie,thushecanlinkhimselfwiththepastoftheolddays.Theyhavecombinedaharmoniousandhappyfamilyifthereisnowar.Asamother,shesufferedmuchbitter.Shewasnotsuitableenoughtogivebirthtoachildandtheprocessofgivingbirthtothefirstchildwasanunforgettablenightmareinherlife.Itwasamother’snaturethatmadehersobravelytosufferthehardness.AftergivingbirthtothefirstchildMelaniewastoldthatshewouldbetternotbepregnantanymoreor21 shemightbeindanger,butshewasstillsoexcitedandwillingtohaveanotherbabyforherhusband.Unfortunatelyshewasfinallydiedofmiscarriage.2.2AnunselfishandforbearingwomanAsRhettevaluatethatMelanieis”agreatwoman”.Forpeopleinthatera,differentfromScarlett,Melaniehaswonakindfamesinceshewasaconsiderablewifeathome,awarm-heartedphilanthropistforrefugees.Shenevertreatatpeoplebystereotypesandsokindtohelpaprostitutetocontributehermoney.Melanie’slifegoalismorelikelytobeawife,bringupchildrenandmanageafamily.ShehaslesssenseofcareerorbusinessthanthatofScarlett.HerdreamofAshleyreturnhassupportedshewentthroughthewartimeandpostwarperiod.Sheissosentimentthatneedseveryone’saffection,butsheisalsocouragetoconquerthefearinhermindandtolerantthehardnessofhomelost.IfScarlettisfullyself-concerned,shemightbefullyselflessness,thinksaboutothersmorethanherself.Herindiscriminateloveandforgivingarenotonlyrespectablevirtuesneedtobespreadatthattime,butalsoneedtobeadvocatedinnowadays.Melaniewasforcedtoletherhusbandgotowar,andshedideverythingshecouldforhelpinghim.Shesharedhisviewsandopinions,andwasproudofhim.Shewasgentleandsweet,andgoodwithchildrenandtaughtScarlett"schildren,WadeandElla,howtoloveandbelovedsinceScarlettwasneverbeagoodmothertothem.ShebecamethecenterofthecommunityduringtheReconstruction,andshewasdeeplydevotedtoScarlett.PerhapsshecouldseeScarlett"sgoodqualitiesandlovedherforthemandshewoulddefendheruntilherlastbreath.21 Melaniehasnosenseofrunningherownbusiness,forherfamilyisallsheengagedin.Melanieisnotabeautifulwoman,butsheisverybraveeventhoughsheisthinasarailanddelicateenoughtobeblownawaybythewind.Sheseemsneverhaveself-needsbutliveforothers:herhusband,herfamilyandrefugees.SheisgreatforherselflessnessandtolerancewhicharedifferentfromScarlettandfinallypulledhertoarespectablestatus.Shelovesthemanshewasaskedtolove,believesinthewomanwhodesiresforherhusband’slove,andhelpstosoldierswoundedinthewar.Throughhershortlife,Melanieispureandtrue,andagreatfemale.21 Chapter3GoodQualitiesforModernFemaletoFollowForalongtime,womenwereslavesofmen.Womenwerevulnerableandcouldnotprotectthemselves,norcouldtheyhavetheirownfateinhand.Withtheeconomicglobalization,knowledgeeconomyandhigh-techdevelopment,womenhavesteppedintoabiggerarena.Womenhaveabettersenseofinterpersonalrelationship,familyandbusinesssuccess.Theyhavethedesiretobeadmittedbythesociety.Butallthesegoodwishesarenoteasytoaccomplish.Womenhopingtogetsuccessincareer,familyandinterpersonalrelationshipcanlearnmoreorlessfromScarlettandMelanie.3.1Scarlett’sGoodqualitiesforbusinesswomanItisanerainwhichmenarenolongersuperiortowomen.Withtherisingoffemaleconsciousness,officeladiesspringuplikemushrooms.3.1.1TheliberationofnatureForwomaninbusinessworld,liberatingthenatureplaysanecessaryroleonthewayofpromotion.Awomanwhoisnotabletoreleasethenaturealwaysfetteredbystereotypesandoutdatedviews.Shewouldmorelikelytobeacommonofficelady,butnolargerpromotion,sinceshehasfewabilityofcreation.Creationimpliestoinventnewthings,notionsandideas.Tocreatetheadvancednotionmeanstorebeltheoutdatedviewinsomedegree.Scarlettisrebelofcause.Sheseldomthinksaboutthetraditionalprincipalsandthesocialrestrictions.Shedoeswhatshewanttodo,andhercarefreeandself-willcomefromhersenseofnaturalliberation.Sheneverbeawomanwhofollowedthestreamofthecommon,neverbea21 slaveofsocialrestrictions.Sheisdifferentandapttobe“damn”sinceinthatway,shecandoherself-anindependentwomanratherthananincapablewife.Becauseofhersenseofnaturalliberation,Scarlettownsthecapabilityofinnovation.Sherunsthemillwhichwasconsideredasmen’swork.Shedidwhatpeoplethoughtcannottodoandgottriumphinthelast.Inthisdegree,shehascatchthechanceofrunningfemalecareerandgotthepriority.Thatmadeherstrangeatthattime,butshesucceededandreachedhergoal.Womenintoday’ssocietycanalsodosuchkindofjobswhicharetraditionallyregardedasonlymen’swork.Thepresentsituationofferedthemmanyadvantages,buttheyarejustlikethedeep-hiddentreasurewhichhasnotbeenexploredcompletely.3.1.2BraveryandpersistenceOntheroadtosuccess,difficultiesappearhereandthere.Twoindispensiblequalitiesarebraveryandpersistence.Infact,theyareindivisible.Withbravery,peoplewillnotbeeasilydefeatedbyfailures,andwithpersistencetheygetthepowertocontinuebravery.Infrontofhardconditions,Scarlettnevergivesup.Shechoosestochangetheconditionandtocreateabetterlife.Ashermottogoes“Tomorrowisanotherday”,shealwayskeepthehopeforthefuture.Despairinganddisappointmentarewhatloseralwaysdoes.ForScarlett,abrave,energetic,realisticgirl,shehasenoughcourageandconfidencetofaceanyobstacles.3.1.3DecisiveandsacrificeDecisivemeanstomakethedecisionquicklyandexactly.Inthesecond-changedbusinessworld,thisqualityishighlyrequired;fortimeis21 money,asecond’shesitationwillresultinmillionslose.Tobedecisiveaskspeopletokeeprationaleverytimeandeverywhere.Indeed,inordertoreachthefinalsuccess,sacrificeisneeded,suchassacrificetheholiday,alargebillormoney,oreventhelife.Scarlett,ofcause,canbethemostdecisiveandsacrificial.Whenshewasthefirsttimetobeawidowandturnedoutintheparty,shehasacceptedRhett’sinvitationfordance,thoughsheknewitverywellthatwouldsacrificeherfame.WhentheflamesofwarcametoAtlanta,sheheldbackthedesireofgoinghomeandmadeadecisiontolookafterMelanie,thoughsheunderstooditmaysacrificeherlife.WhenshewastoldthatTaramaybelost,shemadeactionsimmediatelyandthistimesheintendedtosacrificehermarriage.Sacrificealwaysaccompaniessuccess.Ifyouarewillingtosacrificesomethingforyourgoal,successwillbecloser.3.2Melanie’sGoodqualitiesforhousewifeRaisingafamilyisascomplexasrunningacareer,italsoneedsafundament-love,whichfoundsthefamily;alongprocessofrespectandtrust,whichmaintainsthefamily;andafinalgoal-happinessandharmony,whichmakesthefamilymeaningful.3.2.1LoveNotallfamilyismadeupontruelove,butifthereisnolove,thisfamilycannotbeasuccessfulone.Loveisthefoundationoffamily,andeventhefamilyispoorinmaterial,addingtolovecanmakethefamilyhappyandwarm.Loveisnecessary,notonlythelovebetweenspouse,butalsobetweenparentsandchildren.Melaniedoesperfectonthisaspect.Shelovesherhusbandandsets21 Ashley’sdreamasherownideal,supportshiscareerandconsoleshisdisappointment.Theyhavemuchincommon,obedient,sentimentalandconservative,thustheyaredoomedtoloveeachother.What’smore,shetaughtherchildrenhowtohowtoloveandbeloved.Sheevenbravesenoughtotakeariskforhavingababy.3.2.2RespectandTrustRespectisasecretfactortokeepawellinterpersonalrelationship,toliveahappyfamilylife.Itisabasicmannertocommunicatewithothers.Itkeepssocialharmoniousandorder,withoutwhichsocialwouldneverpromoteandhumanlifewouldbefullofbetrayandcrimes.Infamilylife,itcanmakethepartnerhavetheirownsecretormaketheotherpartcomfortable.Everypersonhashisowncharactersandfeatures.Beingaspousedoesnotmeanthathusbandshouldreshapehisownpersonalitiesorbelieforotherroutineaccordingtotherequirementsofthewife.Womenshouldnotonlyrespecthusbandsbutalsothechildrenforchildrenalsohavesomethingbelongingtotheirown.[15]Trustisnotonlymeanstobelieveinsomeoneherself,butalsotobelieveinothers.Ithelpsalotincommunication,especiallyinmarriagelife.Husbandsandwivesshouldtrusteachotherandtreateachothersincerely,beloyaltothespouseanddonotdistrusthim.Insum,thequalitiesdisplayedbeforecannotbeignoredwhenholdingahappyandwarmfamily.21 ConclusionThethreepartsaboveanalyzethefeaturesofScarlett’sandMelanie’scomplexcharactersandtheirinfluencesonmodernfemaledevelopment.Scarlett,inherbattle-likedlife,fightsforlove,forfreeandforTara.Sheisnodoubtamodernfemale,asuccessfulbusinesswoman,whileMelanieisawonderfulanddurablehousewife,whodemandsoftranquillifewithhersmallfamily.Theystillimpactthemodernfemaleonbothsocialcommunicationandfamilylife.Inordertogetsuccessincareer,womencanlearnScarlet’snaturalliberation,BraveryandPersistenceandDecisiveandSacrifice.Asforsuccessinfamilylife,womencanfollowMelanietoholdthelove,respectandtrustfortheirspouses.Meanwhile,althoughScarlettisagoodexampleofsurvival,wecannotimitateherinallherways.First,heroverselfishanddisrespectmadehernofriends,andoutofthefolks.Shewasdescribedas“damn”,andnogirlinthevillagelikesher.Asoldwordsgoes“onemorefriend,onemoreroad.”Friendsarethosepeoplewhoshareyourhappinessandbearsyoursorrow,whowitnessyoursuccessanddemonstratethemeaningofyoursuccess.Second,inScarlett’spersonalities,greedyplaysagreatrole.ItisthemainreasonurgesScarlettpursueshergoalinmadways,thoughitmakesherfreshandblood.Modernfemaleshouldpaymoreattentiontothedevelopmentofmorality,whichmakesthesuccesssignificantandeverlasting.21 Notes[1]MargaretMitchell.GonewiththeWind[M].Beijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress.1992,2[2]Ibid,87[3]Ibid,61[4]Ibid,503[5]熊欣.《飘》中斯嘉丽的反叛精神浅析[J].琼州大学学报.2005[6]Ibid,1003[7]JohnPealeBishopWarandNoPeace[J].TheNewRepublic,1936[8]Ibid,1004[9]Ibid,406[10]Ibid,413[11]Elizabeth,R.T.ScarlettO’Hara:TheSouthernLadyasNewWoman[J].AmericanQuarterly.1981[12]Ibid,419[13]W.J.Stuckey.NewBrandsofIndividualism[M].Oklahoma:UniversityofOklahomaPress,1966[14]W.J.Stuckey.NewBrandsofIndividualism[M].Oklahoma:UniversityofOklahomaPress,1966[15]BarbaraD.AngelisSecretsAboutLifeEveryWomanShouldKnow[M]．Beijing:ZhongxinPress.200321 BibliographyAngelis,BarbaraD.SecretsAboutLifeEveryWomanShouldKnow[M]．Beijing:ZhongxinPress.2003．Bishop,JohnPeale.WarandNoPeace[J].TheNewRepublic,1936.(87)Elizabeth,R.T.ScarlettO’Hara:TheSouthernLadyasNewWoman[J].AmericanQuarterly.1981.(33)Mitchell,Margaret.GonewiththeWind[M].Beijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress.1992.Stuckey,W.J.NewBrandsofIndividualism[M].Oklahoma:UniversityofOklahomaPress.1966代良英．外国文学名著读本[M].成都：四川大学出版社.2003.荆兴梅.《飘》的女性主义解读[J].江苏科技大学学报.2005.(5)李培峰.论斯嘉丽的现实主义性格特征[J].新疆教育学院学报.1999.(4)玛格丽特·米切尔.贾文浩等译.飘[M].北京：中国致公出版社.2005.熊欣.《飘》中斯嘉丽的反叛精神浅析[J].琼州大学学报.2005.(12)张绍含．给女人一生的最好忠告[M]．北京：蓝天出版社.200521 AcknowledgementsTracingbacktothelastfouryears’studyintheShudaCollegeofHunanNormalUniversity,Ihavelearntandachievedalotwiththevaluablehelpfrommyteachersandclassmates.IhaveendlessgratitudetoXiaoYunchu,mytutor,forhisinestimablehelpandvaluableinstruction.Iappreciatehisexcellentguidanceandencouragementanddeeplyimpressedbyhiskindnessandamiabilityandprofessionalskills.WithouthisconstructivesuggestionsandilluminatinginstructiononmypaperIcannotfinishitsuccessfully.I’llgivemygreatgratitudetomycounselorsWangYanboandXieZhongzhufortheirpersistentinstructionandprofoundsuggestionsduringthefouryears’collegestudy.ThankstotheteachersintheShudaCollegefortheirinsightfullecturesandprofoundviewswhichstillwillpromotemeinthefuture,andtomyclassmateswhohelpmealotandcherishourfriendship.Myfamilymembershavebeensupportingmystudyalltheseyears.Theirencouragementshavebeenstrongpowerwhichhelpsmetoovercometheobstaclesinmystudy.AtlastIwanttothankthosewhohelpmeintheprocessofthewritingandwhosenamesIcan’tlistonhereonebyone.Forallpeoplehelpedandhelpingme,Iexpressmydeepthankfulnesshere.21'