GB 5206.1-85 色漆和清漆词汇第一部分 通用术语.pdf 10页

'中华人民共和国国家标准色漆和清漆词汇第一部分通用术语Paintsandvamishes-Vocabulary-Part1:GeneraltermsGB5206.1-85国家标准局批准并发布1985-07-16发布1986-03-01实施 本标准规定了色漆、清漆及有关产品与原材料的通用术语和定义(或说明)。本标准适用于涂料和颜料的生产、应用、科研、教学、出版及编制标准等，也可供国内外技术业务交往中使用。本标准是参照国际标准ISO4618/1-1978《色漆和清漆一词汇一第一部分:通用术语》及其他国家的有关标准制订的。本标准的每个词条中包括名词术语、对应的英文名称及术语的定义(或说明)。同义术语并列于术语之后，第一个词为优先使用的术语，紧跟在后面的词为允许使用的术语。如有不再使用的术语，则列在该定义(或说明)之后。优先使用及允许使用的名词术语用黑体表示，不再使用的名词术语用白体表示。圆括号内的黑体字表示可省略;方括号内的黑体字表示可以代替前面的字或词。1墓本术语1.1涂料coating涂于物体表面能形成具有保护、装饰或特殊性能(如绝缘、防腐、标志等)的固态涂膜的一类液体或固体材料之总称。早期大多以植物油为主要原料，故有“油漆”之称。现合成树脂已大部或全部取代了植物油，故称为“涂料”。注在具体的涂料品种名称中可用“漆”字表示“涂料”如调和漆、厚漆等。1.2有机涂料organiccoating主要成膜物质由有机物组成的涂料。1.3无机涂料inorganiccoatmg主要成膜物质由无机物组成的涂料。1.4色漆paint含有颜料的一类涂料，涂于底材时，能形成具有保护、装饰或特殊性能的不透明漆膜。1.5厚漆pastepaint颜料分很高的、浆状的色漆。使用前需加适量的清油调稀。不再使用的术语:铅油。1.6调和漆ready-mixedpaint一般指不需调配即能使用的色漆。以油脂为单一成膜物制成的调和漆称为油性调和漆;以油脂为主，加人少量的松香脂、酚醛树脂等制成的调和漆称为磁性调和漆。不再使用的术语:调和漆。1.7磁漆;瓷漆enamel施涂后，所形成的漆膜坚硬、平整光滑，外观通常类似于搪瓷的色漆。其漆膜的光泽可变化于有无之间。26 18腻子putty;filler用于消除涂漆前较小表面缺陷的厚浆状涂料。1.，底漆primer多层涂装时，直接涂到底材上的涂料。1.10二道底漆;二道浆surfacer多层涂装时，介于底漆与面漆之间，用来修整不平整表面的色漆。1.11面漆finish;topcoat多层涂装时，涂于最上层的色漆或清漆。1.12清漆varnish不含着色物质的一类涂料。涂于底材时，能形成具有保护、装饰或特殊性能的透明漆膜。不再使用的术语:凡立水。1.13透明(色)漆coloredvarnish含有着色物质的、透明的涂料。它是在清漆中加人醇溶性、油溶性染料或少量有机着色颜料调制成的。1.14溶剂型涂料solventbasedcoating完全以有机物为溶剂的涂料。1.15水性涂料water(based)paint;waterbasedmating完全或主要以水为介质的涂料。1.16粉末涂料powdercoating不含溶剂的粉末状涂料。1.17双组分涂料;双包装涂料two-componentcoating;two-packcoating两种组分分装的、使用前必须按规定比例调和的涂料。1.18漆料medium;vehicle一般指色漆中的液相组分。1.19漆基;基料binder漆料中的不挥发组分。它能形成漆膜并粘结颜料。1.20成膜物(质)27 filmformer;filmformingmaterial漆基中能单独形成有一定强度、连续的膜的物质。1.21树脂一类固态、半固态或假固态、分子量不定的聚合物。有时也可以是液态的聚合物。通常有软化或熔融的温度范围，软化时，在应力作用下有流动的倾向。1.22天然树脂naturalresin来源于植物、动物或矿物的树脂。1.23合成树脂syntheticresin由简单的化合物(其本身没有树脂的特性)，通过化学反应(如加聚或缩聚等)制得的树脂。1.24改性树脂modifiedresin通过化学反应使天然树脂或合成树脂的化学结构发生部分改变的树脂。1.25增塑剂;增韧剂plasticizer可增强漆膜柔韧性的物质。1.26溶剂;真溶剂solvent在通常干燥条件下可挥发的，并能完全溶解漆基的单组分或多组分的液体。1.27助溶剂cosolvent在通常干燥条件下可挥发的液体。它本身没有溶解成膜物质的能力，但若以适当的比例与某种成膜物质的溶剂混合，则能增强溶剂的溶解能力。1.28冲淡剂diluent单组分或多组分的挥发性液体。尽管它不能溶解涂料中的成膜物质，但可以与该涂料的溶剂一起使用，而不会引起有害的影响。1.2，稀释剂thinner单组分或多组分的挥发性液体。加人涂料中能降低其猫度。1.30颜料pigment通常是粉状、不溶于介质的有色物质，由于它有光学、保护、装饰等性能而用于涂料。1.31无机颜料inorganicpigment化学组成为无机物的一类颜料。1.32有机颜料28 organicpigment化学组成为有机物的一类颜料。1.33体质颜料;填(充)料extender;filler通常是白色或稍带颜色的、折射率小于1.7的一类颜料，由于它的物理或化学性能而用于涂料。1.34染料dyestuff天然或合成的、能溶于介质的有色物质，它能使漆膜具有所需的颜色。1.35催干剂;干料drier通常是可溶于有机溶剂和漆基的有机金属化合物。在氧化干燥型的涂料中加人适量的催干剂，可加速其干燥过程。注:也有水溶性的催干剂。不再使用的术语:燥液。1.36底材;基底substrate涂有色漆(或清漆)涂层或要涂色漆(或清漆)的各种材料，主要指其表面。1.37涂层coat经一次施涂所得到的连续的膜。1.38隔离涂层;封闭涂层barrier-ooat;sealer用于隔离上层涂料和下层表面，防止它们相互之间发生物理或化学作用的涂层。1.39底涂层primingcoat在底材上涂底漆所形成的涂层。1.40中间涂层intermediatecoat介于底涂层与面涂层之间的涂层。4.1:面涂层finishingcoat;topcoat涂料配套体系的最后一道涂层。4，自漆膜;涂膜film;画ntfilm涂于底材上的一道或多道涂层所形成的连续的膜。1.43干燥drying液态漆膜转变成固态漆膜的整个过程。 1.44自(然)干(燥);(空)气干(燥)airdrying在常温空气中涂层自然千燥的过程。1.45烘(烤)干(燥)baking;stoving用加热的方法使涂层干燥的过程。1.46色漆或清漆配套体系paintorvarnishsystem欲涂或已涂于底材上的整套色漆或清漆涂层。2技术术语2.1颜料体积浓度(P.V.C.)pigmentvolumeconcentration(P.V.C.)色漆中颜料、体质颜料及其他固体粒子的体积与不挥发物的总体积之比值，通常以百分数(%)表示。2.2临界颜料体积浓度(C.P.V.C.)criticalpigmentvolumeconcentration(C.P.V.C.)漆基正好名义理论上互相接触的固体粒子(主要是颜料及体质颜料)之间的空隙时的颜料体积浓度的特定值。超过或未达到此值时，某些性能将会明显地改变。2.3不挥发物non-volatilematter在规定试验条件下，挥发后所得到的残余物。2.4挥发物volatilematter在规定试验条件下，挥发所失去的物质。2.5颜基比pigment/binderratio色漆中颜料(包括体质颜料)与漆基的体积(或质量)之比硫o2.6适用期;活化期pot-life多组分分装的涂料相互混合后，可使用的最长时间。2.7最低成膜温度(MFF)minimumfilmingtemperature(MFF);minimumfilmformationtemperature(MFT)聚合物乳液能形成连续的透明膜的最低温度。2.8固化curing用加热或化学的方法使涂层发生缩合或聚合的过程。2.9油度aillength;oilcontent30 a，油基漆中油与树脂的质量比。b.醇酸树脂中油脂的百分含量。2.10实际涂布率practicalspreadingrate在实际施工条件下，按规定的方法涂一道涂层时，每单位体积(或质量)的色漆(或清漆)所能覆盖规定底材的平均面积，通常以米z寿或米z汗‘克表示。附录A按汉语拼音字母顺序排列的索引(参考件)改性树脂··························，·⋯⋯1.24B固化.-........·.··········⋯⋯2.8不挥发物·...................................2.3隔离涂层······························⋯⋯1.38冲淡剂·.....................··········⋯⋯1.28合成树脂··，·························⋯⋯1.23成膜物(质)···························⋯⋯1.20活化期············，······················一2.6瓷漆··························，·········，··⋯1.7挥发物·······················，··.··⋯⋯2.4催千剂·································⋯⋯1.35烘(烤)干(燥)······················⋯⋯1.45磁漆····································⋯⋯1.7厚漆..........................................1.5底材····································⋯⋯1.36基底····································⋯⋯1.36底涂层·································⋯⋯1.39基料····························.····⋯⋯1.19底漆····································⋯⋯1.9调和漆·································⋯⋯1.6(空)气干(燥)························⋯⋯1.44L二道底漆··························。···⋯⋯110二道浆································⋯⋯110临界颜料体积浓度(C.P.V.C.)⋯⋯2.24l封闭涂层·····························⋯⋯1.38面涂层·......................................11l粉末涂料·····························⋯⋯1.16面漆····································⋯⋯1N35干料····································⋯⋯1腻子····································⋯⋯1:843干燥··········，·························⋯⋯1J1 4勺涂膜·······，一‘1内J透明(色)漆⋯12丹八j，清漆1.8填(充)料，⋯漆料19W漆基142漆膜无机涂料··········，····················一1.3无机颜料·····························⋯⋯1.31染料······················，。············⋯⋯1.34稀释剂····......⋯⋯溶剂················，··················⋯⋯1.26溶剂型涂料，，·.............................1.14有机涂料·····························⋯⋯1.2水性涂料·····，·····················，··⋯⋯1.15有机颜料··············，·········，·····⋯⋯1.32双包装涂料··························⋯⋯1.17油度······························，·····⋯⋯2.9双组分涂料··························⋯⋯1.17颜料·········...............................1.30色漆········，，··························⋯⋯1.4颜料体积浓度(P.V.C.).··········⋯⋯2.1色漆或清漆配套体系···············⋯⋯1.46颜基比······························⋯⋯2.5适用期····，·，······，，··········，·⋯⋯2.6实际涂布率···························⋯⋯2.10树脂·································，，·⋯⋯1.21中间涂层·...................................1.40自(然)干(燥)········，·········，·，。··⋯⋯1.44T助溶剂·································⋯⋯1.27天然树脂·······················，，，··一1.22真溶剂·······················，·，，......-.1.26体质颜料······························⋯⋯1.33最低成膜温度(MFT)···············⋯⋯2.7涂层··································，·⋯⋯1.37增塑剂·................···············⋯⋯1.25涂料·······，，····················。····⋯⋯1.1增韧剂···························，······一1.25附录B按英文字母顺序排列的索引(参考件)binder··················。··············⋯⋯1.19airdrying，，······，，，，··········，·⋯⋯1.44哪·····。。·············。。········。··⋯1.37coating1.14513bakingcoloredvarnish·····················⋯⋯13827barriejcosolvent······························⋯⋯132 criticalpigmentvolumeconcentration勺O乙(C.P.V.C.)·······················⋯⋯2OCoilcontent·，，·，·，······，，，，，1·，，·2.9curingoillength··········，··················⋯⋯2.9organiccoating·························，⋯1.2﹃只乙organicpigment，·················，···，，一1.32diluent门j﹄、drier4月Pjdrying“，月j咔1.4dyestuffpaint4勺film:︸pdun4‘Upaintorvarnishsystem1气1。︸enamelpastepaintextender11.3.73pigment·“““’⋯““”⋯⋯“······一1.30pigment/binderratio·················一2.5pigmentvolumeconcentrationfiller··············，·，··········，一1.8;1.33(P.V.C.)...........··················⋯⋯2.1film···················，··········，····⋯⋯1.42plasticizer···························⋯⋯1.25filmformer···························。··⋯1.20pot-life.......................................2.6filmformingmaterial····，，········一1.20powdercoating，·········，··········，，，·1.16fini小································⋯⋯1.11practicalspreadingrate············⋯⋯2.10finishingcoat·······，············，···⋯⋯1.41primer·······························⋯⋯1.9primingcoat························⋯⋯1.39一putty····································⋯⋯1.81nor只amccoattn只‘”inorganicpigment1.31intermediatecoat1.40ready-mixedpaintresin11.2.61Mmedium·········，····················⋯⋯1.18minimumfilmformationtemperaturesealer·············，···················⋯⋯1.38(MI"T)··，·········，···················⋯⋯2.7solvent....................................1.26minimumfilmingtemperaturesolventbasedcoating······，，，........1.14(M1"1")·································⋯⋯2.7stoving····························⋯⋯1.45modifiedresin·····，··········，···⋯⋯1.24substrate···········，·················⋯⋯1.36surfacer··········，··········，········⋯⋯1.10syntheticresin·····················⋯⋯1.23naturalresin·················，，···⋯⋯1.22non-volatilematter············，····⋯⋯，2.3thinner····························⋯⋯1.2933 topcoa;1.41vehicletwo-componentcoating‘’‘’“““”“”1.17volatilematter2.1.84two,packcoating1.17waterbasedcoatingvarnish12water(based)paint}‘}:附加说明:本标准由中华人民共和国化学工业部提出，由全国涂料和颜料标准化技术委员会归口。本标准由涂料、颜料基础标准分技术委员会第3工作组(SCI/WG3)负责起草。本标准主要起草人蔡维华、昊良骏。'