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(方便打印)新编大学英语(第四册)习题答案.doc

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'新编大学英语(第一册)习题答案Unit1Vocabulary1.1)A.entertainingB.entertainmentC.entertainedD.entertainer2)A.recognizableB.recognizedC.recognition3)A.temptingB.temptationC.tempt4)A.reasonedB.reasoningC.reasonableD.reason5)A.analyzedB.analyticalC.analystD.analysis6)A.valuableB.valuationC.valued/valuesD.values7)A.humoristB.humorC.humorousD.humorless8)A.understandableB.understandingC.understandD.misunderstood2.1)asenseofresponsibility2)asenseofsafety/security3)asenseofinferiority4)asenseofsuperiority5)asenseofrhythm6)asenseofjustice7)asenseofshame8)asenseofhelplessness9)asenseofdirection10)asenseofurgency3.1)Livelybehaviorisnormal2)Fastcarsappealto3)diversearguments4)Iaskedmybossforclarification5)sensitivetolight6)Mutualencouragement7)madefunofhim8)persistsinhisopinion/viewpoint9)tobethefocus/centerofattention10)webuyourticketsinadvance4.1)certain/sure2)involved3)end4)behavior5)disciplining6)agreed7)individually8)first9)response10)question11)attempt12)voice13)directly14)followed15)trouble新编大学英语第二版第四册第二单元练习答案Vocabulary1.StepOneColumnAColumnBTheCompoundWordscreatedthroughdaythroughoutupmanupbeat,upliftdraweareddrawback teenreadyteenagehandconscioushandout,handwrittenbirthbackbirthday,birthstonechairdistancechairmanragbeatrag-earedeverliftever-readyoverageoverdue,overagelongduelong-distance,long-earedselfstoneself-consciousmileoutmileage,milestonetypewishingtypewriter,typewrittenwellWriter/writtenwell-wishing,well-writtenStepTwo1)long-distance2)upbeat3)ever-ready4)overdue5)typewriter6)milestone7)handwritten8)uplifted9)self-conscious10)rag-eared11)birthday12)throughout13)drawbacks14)chairman15)teenage3.1)thrives2)strategy3)annual4)deserve5)spontaneous6)sincere7)investments8)enterprise9)followup10)characterized11)lingered12)acknowledged4.column:1)D2)A3)B4)Ctough:1)D2)B3)E4)F5)C6)A6.1)searched2)clever3)solution4)wasted5)tolerate6)hidden7)dumb8)subject9)noise10)extra11)purchased12)replaced13)appreciation14)hurried15)warrant16)strange新编大学英语第二版第四册第三课练习答案Post-Reading1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheText1)Introduction(para1) Ithasbeenprovenrepeatedlythatthevarioustypesofbehavior,emotions,andintereststhatconstitutebeingmasculineandfemininearepatternedbybothheredityandculture.2)Thereisaculturalbiasineducationthatfavorsboysovergirls.(para.2-4)SupportingevidenceA.Teacherscalledonmalesinclassfarmorethanonfemalestudents.(para2)i)Itsconsequence:Thishasatremendousimpactonthelearningprocess.ii)Thereasonforthis:Activeclassroomparticipantsdevelopmorepositiveattitudesandgoontohigherachievement.iii)Twoexamples:a.Inmanyoftheformerall-women’scolleges,theboysweretakingovertheclass-roomdiscussionsandactiveparticipationbywomenstudentshaddiminishednoticeably.b.Asimilarsubordinationoffemaletomalestudentshasalsobeenobservedinlawandmedicalschoolclassroomsinrecentyears.B.Teachersassignedboysandgirlsdifferenttasksaccordingtostereotypedgenderroles.(para.3)i)Itsconsequence:Thispreventedgirlsfromparticipatingasactivelyasboysinclass.ii)Anexample:Ateacherhadthelittleboysperformthescientificexperimentwhilethegirlsweregiventhetaskofputtingthematerialsaway.C.Gender-biasededucationisalsoreflectedinthetypicalAmericanteacher’assumption.(para4)i)Theassumption:Boyswilldobetterinthehard,masculinesubjectsofmathandsciencewhilegirlsareexpectedtohavebetterverbalandreadingskills.ii)Threeexamples:a.Americanboysdodevelopreadingproblems,whilegirls,whoaresuperiortoboysinmathuptotheageofnine,fallbehindfromthenon.b.InGermany,allstudiesareconsideredmasculineanditisgirlswhodevelopreadingproblems.c.InJapan,whereearlyeducationappearstobenonsexist,bothgirlsandboysdoequallywellinreading.3)Theeducationalbiasbeginsathome.(para5)A.Supportingevidence:i)Boypreschoolerswerepermittedtogoawayfromhomeinamuchwiderareathangirlpreschoolers.ii)Boyswereencouragedtodevelopintellectualcuriosityandphysicalskills,whilegirlsarefilledwithfearsoftheworldoutsidethehomeandwiththedesiretobeapprovedoffortheirgoodnessandobediencetorules.B.Theconsequencewhentheselessonscarryoverfromthehometotheclassroom:Girlsaregenerallyobservedtobemoredependentontheteacher,moreconcernedwiththeformandneatnessoftheirworkthanitscontent,andmoreanxiousaboutbeingrightintheiranswersthaninbeingintellectuallyindependent,analytical,ororiginal.C.Conclusion:Throughtheeducationalprocessthatoccupiesmostofthechild’swakinghours,societyreinforcesits establishedvaluesandturnsouteachsexinitstraditionalandexpectedmold.Vocabulary1.1)genetic2)assign3)noticeably4)approved5)Bias6)deprived7)constituted8)participation9)unintentional10)postgraduate3.1)C2)D3)A4)E5)B6)C7)F8)B4.1)turnout2)carryover3)callingon4)putaway5)fallenbehind6)takeover新编大学英语第二版第四册第四课练习答案ReadingComprehension1.1)Introduction(para1)Itisintroducedinthearticlehowteachersandparentscanencouragecreativityinchildren.2)Animportantstrategyforparentsandteacherstofollow(para.2-3)A.Thestrategy:Toencouragechildrentospendtimethinkinganddevelopingnewideas.B.Thesignificanceforadoptingthestrategy:Ifchildrencanbetaughttothinkcreatively,theywillbebetterabletofunctionintomorrow’ssociety.3)Thedefinitionofcreativity(para.4-5)A.Whosuccessfulstudentsandadultsare:Thosewhocanfindanumberofwaystoapproachproblems.B.Whatcreativepeoplecando:Theycanusewhattheyhavetoproduceoriginalideasthataregoodforsomething.4)Abigprobleminschool(para.6)Theproblem:Childrencanobtainandgivebackinformation,butcan’tfigureoutwaystoapplywhattheyknowinnewsituations.5)Anewapproachtoteaching(para7)A.Theapproach:Combiningthebasicswiththeactivitieswherestudentsmustusetheirimaginations.B.Howtodoso:Byaskingquestionsandmeanwhilepraisingtheirideasandnewthoughts. C.Howtofacilitatetheprocess:Tocreateanatmosphereinwhichthereisnoriskinbeingcreative--aplacewherewildideasarehonoredandvalued,neverscornedordismissed.6)Thingsparentscandoathometoencouragecreativity(para.8-10)A.Toinvolvechildrenindecisionmaking.B.Tohelpchildrentounderstandtheconsequencesofvariousdecisions.C.Toencouragethemtotalkoutloudaboutthingstheyaredoing.Thereasonfordoingso:Talkingoutloudimproveslanguageskillsandthinkingskills.D.Toshowasenseofhumor.Thereasonfordoingso:Childrencanseecreativityinitspurestform.E.Togivechildrenchoicesfromtheirearliestage.Examples:a.Whentheyareveryyoung,letthemchoosebetweentwofooditemsforlunch.b.B.Whentheygrowolder,letthemdecidehowtousetheirtimeorspendtheirmoney.Vocabulary1.1)confused,confusion2)intelligence,intelligent3)humorous,humor4)strategy,strategic5)motivated,motivation6)combination,combined7)creation,creative8)pursuit,pursuing9)multiplication,multiply10)employ,employment2.1)perfected2)approaching3)value4)functions5)approach6)perfect7)honor8)function9)honor10)value3.1)dismiss2)consequences3)promoting4)applies5)vital6)scorned7)conventional8)original4.1)consciously2)innovative3)unconsciously4)determined5)Imagination6)aware7)control8)created9)extension10)technique11)vulnerable12)unfolding13)joyful14)gain15)Apply新编大学英语第二版第四册第五课练习答案Post-ReadingUnderstandingtheorganizationofthetext1)Introduction(para.1) Athletesarechosentoberolemodels,andtheycanchooseonlytobegoodorbadones.2)Athletesshouldberolemodels.(para.2-5)Theauthor’sarguments:A.Athletesshouldnotrefusetheresponsibilityofbeingarolemodelwhileacceptingallthegloryandthemoneythatcomeswithbeingafamousathlete.(para.2)B.Itrytobeapositiverolemodel,butthatdoesn’tmeanIamperfect.(para.3)C.Qualitiesofapositiverolemodel:(para.4)a.Heinfluencespeople’slivesinapositiveway.b.Hegivesofhimselfintimeormoneytohelpthosewholookuptohim.c.Hedisplaysthevalueslikehonestyanddetermination.D.Athletescannottaketheplaceofparents,butcanhelpreinforcewhatparentstrytoteachtheirchildren.(para.5)3)Peoplesometimesexpectsomuchthatsomeathletesdon’twanttoberolemodes.(para.6-7)A.Sometimespeopleputathletesonapedestal.Example:IhavehadparentsinUtahputmypictureonthewallbesideJesusChrist.(para.6)B.Constantlybeingwatchedbythepubliccanbehardtotolerateattimes.Example:1:NegativepublicityMichaelJordanreceivedaboutgambling.2.EversinceIplayedontheDreamTeam,Ican’tgoanywherewithoutbeingthecenterofattentionandIcan’tevenbuyamotorcycleIreallywant.(para.7)4)Conclusion(para8-9)Thegoodthingsaboutbeingarolemodeloutweighthebad.A.It’sagreatfeelingtothinkyouarepartofthereasonthataiddecidedtotrytobegood.B.Butparentsshouldremindtheirkidsthattherearenoperfecthumanbeings.C.CharlesBarkleyisagoodrolemodel.Vocabulary1.1)A.necessityB.necessaryC.necessarily 2)A.disagreementB.disagreedC.disagreeable3)A.decisiveB.decisionC.decide4)A.choosyB.choiceC.chose5)A.leadB.leadC.leading6)A.perfectB.perfectionC.perfected7)A.determinationB.determineC.determined8).A.assistB.assistanceC.assistant9)A.imaginationB.imaginativeC.imaginaryD.imaginableE.imagined10)A.scaredB.scaryC.scared11)A.tolerableB.tolerantC.toleranceD.tolerate12)A.expectantB.expectedC.expectations2.1)isboundto2)followtheirlead3)goestoofar/isgoingtoofar4)taketheplaceof5)droppedout6)haveafit7)measureupto8)lookupto9)Let’sfaceit10)younameit3.1)outgrown2)outdo3)outwitted4)outweigh5)outlived新编大学英语第二版第四册第六课练习答案Post-ReadingStepOne1)Risksarealwaysamatterofprobabilityratherthancertainty.2)Theauthorsupportsthemainideabymeansofacomparisonbetweenhypochondriaandanxietyabouttherisksoflife,andananalysisofinjuryprevention.2.1)Whatisrisk?SimilarityDifferenceHypochondriaInbothcases,thefearoranxietyfeedsonpartialinformation.Thehypochondriaccanturntoaphysiciantogetadefinitiveclarificationofthesituation.AnxietyabouttherisksoflifeRisksareamatterofprobabilityratherthancertainty.2)Howdowemeasuretherisklevel? TotalnumberofdeathsPeopleinvolvedintheactivityTherisklevelTravelingbycar25000200million1/8000Coalmining3007000003/7000Vocabulary2.1)character2)endup3)Rarely4)casual5)risky6)allmannerof7)inform8)sensible9)definitively3.1)Onthestrengthof2)allmannerof3)feedon4)reduce…to5)endup6)associatedwith7)focuson8)turnedto9)participatein10)involvedinTranslationPractice1.Promisingnewtechnologiescanpowerourhomes,factoriesandcarswithcleaner,moerefficientenergy--cuttingemissionswhilestrengtheningoureconomy.2.Indeed,unlesswereachacrossbordersandfacethreatstotheenviromnenttogether,theearthmaybeconfrontedwithanecologicalcrisis,withhalfofallspeciesgone,andourgrandchildrenenduringdeadlyfloods,droughtsanddiseasebroughtonbyglobalwarming.3.Ourplanetisabiosphere,whichdemandsthatnationsworkinglobalpartnershiptosolvecomplexenvironmentalproblemssuchasthelong-rangetransportofairpollutantsandhazardouswastedisposal.4.Risksareanunavoidablepartoflife.Theystemfromrareeventssuchasearthquakesandfiresorfromslowlyaccumulatingeffectsofexposuretohazardousconditionsandprobalycauselossofproperty,evenlossoflife.5.Only100yearsagomanlivedinharmonywithnature.Todaythisharmoniousrelationshipisthreatenedbyman"slackofforesightandplanning,andbyhiscarelessnessandgreed,formanisslowlypoisoninghisenvironment. 新编大学英语第二版第四册第七课练习答案ReadingComprehension1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheTextPassageI1)ThemessageProf.Neusnerpassestothegraduates.(para.1)Wetakenoprideinoureducationalachievementbecausewehaveinadequatelypreparedstudentsfortherealworld.Reason:AtBrown,duringthefouryears,studentshaveformedthebeliefthatfailureleavesnorecord,whileintherealworldfailuremarksyou.2)Twodifferentattitudestowarderrors.(para.2)AtBrown,studentsdefendtheirerrorsbyarguingabout:A.whytheirerrorswerenoterrors;B.whymediocreworkwasexcellent;C.whytheycouldtakeprideintheirpoorpresentation.Intherealworld,graduateshadbetternotdefendtheirerrorsbutlearnfromthem.3)Collegeisanaltogetherforgivingworld.(para.3-5)Nomatterwhatslighteffortstudentsmade,theycouldmeetthedemand.A.Whenstudentsbrokeappointments,professorsmakenewones.B.Whenthedeadlinewasmissed,professorspretendednottocare.C.Boringtalkswereconsideredtobeimportant.D.Unlaboredwritingwascommented.E.Dullstudentsweretreatedasiftheyweresmart.Thereasonwhyprofessorsdidallthiswasnotthattheywantedtobelikedbystudents,butthatprofessorsdidnotwanttobebotheredandpretensewastheeasywayout.4)Prof.Daniel’sviewpoint.(para.6)Collegehasdeprivedstudentsofadequatepreparationfortherealworld.5)Theendingofthespeech.(para.7-8)A.Conclusion:Onthiscommencementday,weprofessorshavenothingtotakepridein.B.Adviceforgraduates:a.Don’tacttowardyourco-workersandbossesasyouhaveactedtowardus.b.Gotolifeandunlearnthelieswetaughtyouhere. PassageII1)ThepointsIdaTimothee’sgoingtoargueagainst:(para.1)A.Studentshavebeenmadetobelievethat“failureleavesnorecord”.B.Collegeisnotapreparatoryschoolforlife.2)IdaTimothee’scommentsonNeusner’spoints:(para.2)A.Heknowslittleaboutstudents’collegelife.B.Heignoresthepressuresandhardtimesstudentsexperienceatcollege.3)IdaarguesagainstNeusner’spointthatcollegeisnotpreparingstudentsforreallife.(para.3)Duringthecollegeyears,westarttobeindependent,makecrucialdecisionsandareresponsibleforthem.Supportingevidence:A.Weleantobudgetourtimeandmoney.B.Wearetolerantenoughtosurviveinacrowdedtripleroom.C.Wemeetpeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld.4)Idaarguesagainsttheso-calledstudents’beliefthatfailureleavesnorecord.(para.4)Hercounter-examples:A.Ifyoufailatestoracourse,theteacherwon’terasethegrade.B.Ifyoudropaclass,you’llhavetotakemorecoursesnextsemester.C.LowgradesorlowGPAmeansnofinegraduateschool,nodegree.D.Everyonehastotakemidtermsandfinals.E.Noteachershave“pretendednotcare”whendeadlinesarenotkept.5)Ida’sconclusion:(para.5)Collegeisnot“easy,free,forgiving,attentive,comfortable,interesting,unchallengingfun”toher.Vocabulary1.belief--doubtlearn--unlearndeep--shallowshame--pridepolite--rudeuseless--usefulinadequate--adequatewell-informed--ill-informedsuccess--failuresmart--dullboring--interestingpainful--painlessdependent--independentimaginative--unimaginative mediocre--excellent2.1)deprivedof2)forthesakeof3)getawaywith4)droppedout5)bynomeans6)gotdownto7)distinguish…from8)lookbackon9)gonethrough10)afterall11)beredof12)onmyown3.1)choice2)secure3)hear4)who5)keep6)while7)now8)This9)pressure10)expecting11)tests12)within13)had14)catch15)marks16)parents17)obtain/get18)teachers19)relax20)shape新编大学英语第二版第四册第八课练习答案ReadingComprehensionTable1CommonProblemComponentsFeelingsConsequencestimesicknessa)timepressurea)anxietya)strokeb)hurryb)tensionb)heartdiseaseTable2AnimalsHumansGeneralSynchronisationRhythmsofnatureExamplesofanimals:a)crabb)mousec)squirrela)      Rhythmsofnatureb)Anotherpowerfulsnchroniserforhumans:otherpeopleDesynchronisationIsolationfroma)lightb)temperaturec)humidityTable3StatementsonTimeSupportingEvidenceThemindcanalterrhythmsoftimeinmanyways.a)Dyingpeoplerecalltheirentirelifeinaninstant.b)Peopleinseriousaccidentsseeeverythinghappeninslowmotion.Culturesperceivetimedifferently.a)Industrializedcountriesvaluescheduleshighly.b)HispaniccountriesofLatinAmericagiveprioritytopeopleoverschedules. Table4SimpleTechniquestoChangeandMasterOne’sOwnTimeExamplesa)Unclockyourlife.Stopwearingawristwatch.b)Setyourowninnersenseoftime.Keepinmindthattimeisrelative.c)Tapyourbody’spowertochangetime.Dismissdisturbingthoughtsandcontrolone’sbreathing.d)Synchroniseyourselfwithnature.Taketimetoenjoythebeautyoflife,suchaswatchingasunsetoracloudcrossingthesky.2.1)C2)A3)C4)A5)B6)C7)C8)AVocabulary1.1)C2)E3)B4)D5)A6)F2.relearnregainredorewriterearrangereclaimremodelreplacerephraserejoinreform readjustreuniterebroadcastrereadreview3.1)B2)A3)D4)A5)D6)C7)A8)A9)A10)B新编大学英语第二版第四册第九课练习答案Post—ReadingReadingComprehension1.UnderstandingtheMainIdeaoftheText1)before2)automobiles3)iceman4)occupations5)increases6)Space7)resist/refuse8)ability9)acceptance10)possible11)innovations12)miracles/achievements13)properly14)scientific2.UnderstandingSpecificInformation1)C2)C3)D4)D5)C6)C7)C8)AVocabulary1.ColumnAColumnBinventioninventavailableavailinnovationinnovateadaptableadaptdiscoverydiscoveracceptanceacceptevolutionevolveobjectivityobjectiveobservationobserve experimentationexperimentprosperityprosperdisastrousdisaster1)observation2)available3)discoveries4)acceptance5)experimentation6)Inventions7)evolution8)adaptable9)innovations10)objectivity2.1)outoftheordinary2)preceded3)Tobeexact4)contradict(ed)5)prosperity6)gavebirthto7)catchourbreath8)hadinmind9)proposed10)converted11)disastrous12)negative3.1)Shehadhardlysatdown2)especiallyif/whenyouwanttoreserveaseat3)isnotnecessarilythemostuseful4)Whatsort/kindofpersondoyouhaveinmind5)There’salimitonthetime6)spentpartofhischildhood7)threetimesasmanygirlsasboys8)asdomostofthepeoplewholiveinthisvillage9)butontheotherhanditwouldbesadtolosethefamilyatmosphere10)Despite/Inspiteofinternationalpressure新编大学英语第二版第四册第十课练习答案ReadingComprehension1.UnderstandingtheOrganizationoftheTextSetting:AtaChristmaspartyCharacters:Dr.PhineasWelch(aphysicist)andScottRobertson(anEnglishinstructor)Developmentofthestory:Introduction:Dr.PhineasWelchclaimstohavetheabilitytobringbackthespiritsandbodiesoftheillustriousdead.RisingActions:Dr.PhineasWelch’sfirstattempt:HebroughtbackArchimedes,NewtonandGalileo.Result:Hehadtosendthembackbecausetheycouldn’tgetusedtothemodernwayoflife.Dr.PhineasWelch’sexplanation:Theirmindsweregreat,butnotflexibleoruniversal.Dr.PhineasWelch’ssecondattempt:HebroughtbackShakespeare.Climax:Dr.PhineasWelchenrolledShakespeareinScottRobertson’seveningextensionliteraturecourseandShakespearefailedthecourse. Vocabulary2.1)e2)n3)f4)m5)g6)j7)b8)c9)e10)i11)l12)k13)a14)h3.1)married2)later3)separated4)effective5)first6)signed7)suffering8)which9)claimed10)meeting/encounter11)attended12)seated13)attraction/affection14)finally  15)almost16)byPartThreeFurtherDevelopment4.1)that2)species3)top4)invain5)agreement6)inanycase7)intermsof8)adapted9)far10)similar11)closest12)traditionally 13)outperform14)evidence15)partlyTranslationPractice:康斯坦丁.索巴科夫研究草原犬鼠已有十多年了。他把科研助手派到有草原犬鼠的地区。派去的人身高不同,衣着颜色不同,带的东西也不同。有的带着枪,有的牵着狗,有的赤手空拳。他们对草原犬鼠的每个叫声都加以分析,把它们相互交流的结构记录下来并探测出了他们交流的模式。索巴科夫说:如同人类声音的波形一样,草原犬鼠声音的波形也有一定的结构。它们用叫声互相交流信息。一个叫声可以有数百个基本单位组成,有的类似于名词,有的类似于形容词。犬鼠的叫声里也有和声,叫声可以变化,变化的方式所有同类都懂。我们从9个不同的角度考察了它的波形。他们能区分人与狗,人们所穿衣服的颜色,人们的身高。被问到犬鼠是怎样表示一个人的身高时,索巴科夫说,叫声中某个系列的直线波形变成弧形就能表示身高。当以一定的方式改变这些波形时,就区别出了不同的高度。他们认为草原犬鼠所掌握的词汇量超过其他任何动物。'