2014年10月自考《英语一》讲义 Unit 09_(含课文、生词表、课后练习及答案).doc 31页

'　Unit9MakingEveryMinuteCount AFAMOUSQUOTE　　Amanwhodarestowasteonehouroftimehasnotdiscoveredthevalueoflife.——CharlesDarwin　　胆敢浪费一小时的人还没有发现生命的价值。——查尔斯·达尔文　　　　CharlesDarwin（1809-1882）,Britishnaturalistwhodevelopedthetheoryofevolutionbynaturalselectionandthesurvivalofthefittest.Thistheoryformsthebasisforthemodernevolutionarystudies.Darwin’smostfamousbooksareTheOriginofSpeciesandTheDescentofMan.　　查尔斯·达尔文（1809-1882），英国生物学家，通过物竞天择说和适者生存说发展了进化论。这一理论的形成奠定了现代进化论研究的基础。达尔文最著名的两本著作是：《物种起源》和《人类的由来》。SpeakingActivityAskingforInformationSampleDialogue　　Readthefollowingconversation.Payattentiontohowthespeakersaskformoreinformation.　　Hostess:PompasRestaurant.HowmayIhelpyou?　　Ron:I"dliketoreserveatablefordinner.　　Hostess:Howlargeagroupareyouexpecting?　　Ron:Sixcouples.　　Hostess:Wouldyouliketoreserveaprivatediningroom?　　Ron:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.　　Hostess:Allright.MayIhaveyourname,sir?　　Ron:MynameisRonKollitz.K-O-L-L-I-T-Z.　　Hostess:Whattimewillyoubearriving?　　Ron:Around7:30pm.　　Hostess:Allright,Mr.Kollitz.We"vereservedaprivatediningroomforyouat7:30pm.ThankyouforcallingPompas.　　Ron:Thankyouverymuch.GuidedPractice　　Directions:Imagineasituationwhereyouneedtobookadinnertableforacompany.Useyourowninformation.Youmayusethefollowingtipstohelpyou.　　HowmayIhelpyou?　　Howlarge…?　　Wouldyouliketo…?　　MayIhaveyourname,sir?　　Whattime…  ?　　Thankyoufor…TextA　　NewWords　　1、sharev.totellotherpeopleaboutanidea,secret,problemetc.分享；告诉　　2、volunteern.apersonwhodoesajobwithoutbeingpaidforit志愿者　　3、surprisedadj.feelingorshowingsurprise惊奇的；惊讶的　　4、starev.tolookatsomebody/somethingforalongtime盯着看；注视　　5、insultv.tosayordosomethingthatoffendssomebody侮辱；冒犯　　6、seniormomentn.anoccasionwhensomebodyforgetssomething,ordoesnotthinkclearly（thoughttobetypicalofwhathappenswhenpeoplegetolder）尊长表现（老年人失忆、忘事、糊涂的典型状况）　　7、implyv.tosuggestthatsomethingistrueorthatyoufeelorthinksomething,withoutsayingsodirectly暗示　　8、permitv.toallowsomebodytodosomethingortoallowsomethingtohappen允许；准许　　9、explainv.totellsomebodyaboutsomethinginawaythatmakesiteasytounderstand解释；说明　　10、experiencen.aneventoractivitythataffectsyouinsomeway经历　　11、powerfuladj.havingastrongeffectonyourmindorbody有强烈作用的　　12、near-deathexperiencen.anoccasionwhenyoualmostdie濒死经历　　13、confessv.toadmitsomethingthatyoufeelashamedorembarrassedabout承认　　14、one"slastbreathn.thelastmomentofaperson"slife最后一口气；临终　　15、downadj.sadordepressed沮丧；情绪低落PhrasesandExpressions　　1、dropinontopayaninformalvisittoaperson顺便访问　　2、fromtimetotimeoccasionallybutnotregularly不时；偶尔　　3、abitslightlyortoasmalldegree有点儿　　4、inasenseinoneway从某种意义上说　　5、clear...uptosolveorexplainsomething解释；解答　　6、notthatIknowofusedtosaythatyouthinktheansweris"no",judgingfromtheinformationyouhave.据我所知没有　　7、bringsb.totheirkneestodefeatsomebody,especiallyinawar打败某人TextATheMostExcitingThingEver　　Pre-readingQuestions　　1.Whatisthemostexcitingthingyouhavedonerecently?　　2.Whatmethodsdoyouusetocheeryourselfupwhenyouhaveabadtime?TheMostExcitingThingEver　　"ThelastthingIdidwasthemostexcitingthingever!"hesaid.　　Icouldn"twaittohearwhatitwas."Ican"timaginewhatyoumighthavedone—butwhateveritwasyoumustshareitwithme,"Isaid.①　　IwasvisitingtheseniorcenterwhereI"maregularvolunteer,andI"ddroppedinonthisoldergentlemanfromtimetotime.Atthismomenthelookedatmewithasomewhatsurprisedlookonhisface.Westaredateachother,andIbecameabituncomfortable.HadImisunderstoodwhathehadsaid?Hadhesaidsomethingelse,andhadIinsultedhim?　　"Oh,I"msorry.DidImisunderstandyou?"Ifinallysaid.　　"WhatdidIsay?"hereplied.　　Ithought,maybehewashavingasenior moment.　　"Didn"tyoujustsay,thelastthingIdidwasthemostexcitingthingever?"Irepeated.　　"Yes,Idid."　　"Well,whatwasit?Whatwasthemostexcitingthingyoueverdid?"Iasked.　　"Oh,Isee,"hereplied."You"rewaitingformetotellyouthatIwonsomethingoraccomplishedsomegreatthing,right?"　　"Well,yes.Isn"tthatwhatyouimplied?"Iasked.　　"Inasense,yes.Butpermitmetoclearthingsup,"hesaid."Youlooklikeahealthyman—areyou?"heasked.　　"Basically.ImeanIhaveproblems,butnothinglife-threateningthatIknowof."　　"Thenyoumightnotunderstandthis,"hesaid.And,placinghisarmaroundmyshoulder,heexplained."AboutayearagoInearlydied.Ihadaheartattackthatalmostendedmylife.Itwasanexperiencethatbroughtmetomykneesandliftedmebackupagain.ItwasthenthatIreallybegantoseehowvaluableeverymomentofmylifeis."②　　Hestoodinfrontofmeand,placinghishandsonmyshoulders,said,"EverylastthingIdoisthemostexcitingthingIhaveeverdone.It"sonemoremoment,day,week,monthpastthedayIalmostdied.Tome,that"sexciting!"　　Howverypowerfulthatthoughtwas.Eversince,Ihavealwaysbelievedthateveryoneshouldhaveanear-deathexperiencesothattheycanappreciatelifemore.,③IconfessI"veneverhadone.ButIlivedthroughsomethingsimilarwhenmysonandwifebothhadcancer.NearlylosingthemcertainlychangedthewayIlookatlife.Now,whenmylastbreathdoesfinallycome,Iwillseetherealvalueof"thelastthingIdid."　　Feelingdown?Thinkingyouhavenothingtobeexcitedaboutinyourlife?Thinkagain.Tryappreciatinglifesoverymuchthatthelastthingyoudowillbethemostexcitingthingyoueverdo.④KeySentences　　1.Icouldn"twaittohearwhatitwas."Ican"timaginewhatyoumighthavedone—butwhateveritwasyoumustshareitwithme,"Isaid.　　我急切地想听听那件事是什么。“我想象不出来你做了什么——不过不管是什么，你一定要和我说，”我说。　　2.Itwasanexperiencethatbroughtmetomykneesandliftedmebackupagain.ItwasthenthatIreallybegantoseehowvaluableeverymomentofmylifeis.　　这次经历几乎把我击垮但又把我拉回来。也正是从那时起，我真正意识到我生命中的每一刻有多么宝贵。　　3.Ihavealwaysbelievedthateveryoneshouldhaveanear-deathexperiencesothattheycanappreciatelifemore.　　我一直认为每个人都应该有一次濒临死亡的经历，这样他们才会更加珍惜生命。　　4.Tryappreciatinglifesoverymuchthatthelastthingyoudowillbethemostexcitingthingyoueverdo.　　试着尽可能珍惜生命，那么你做的最后一件事将是你做过的最让你兴奋的。Notes　　1.Seniorcenter:aplaceinacommunitywhereseniorscangatherforsupport,socialization,fitnessand/orotherservicesprovidedforolderpeopleTextATheMostExcitingThingEverExercises　　ⅠCheckingYourComprehension　　Directions:Choosethebestanswertoeachquestionfromtheinformationgiveninthepassage.　　1.Theauthorvisitedtheoldmanto_________.　　A）interviewhimforalocalnewspaper　　B）talkandspendsometimewith him　　C）askforhisopinionsontheseniorcenter　　D）givehimsomemedicaladvice　　[答疑编号506494090301：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题是对这则故事主人公去老人院目的的考查。我们可以从课文第三段第一句中找到答案——IwasvisitingtheseniorcenterwhereI"maregularvolunteer,andI"ddroppedinonthisoldgentlemanfromtimetotime.即我当时是作为这个养老院的志愿者，有时顺便探望一下这位老人。答案为B。　　2.Theauthorandtheoldmanstaredateachotherbecause_________.　　A）therewassomemisunderstandingbetweenthem　　B）theoldmanbecameangrywiththeauthor　　C）theoldmanwantedtosurprisetheauthor　　D）theauthorcouldn"theartheoldman　　[答疑编号506494090302：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题是对全文主旨的考查。需阅读前十段全文，概括得出，问题问的是主人公和老人对视的原因，是因为他对老人的话理解有偏差。答案为A。　　3.Theoldmanthoughttheauthorcouldn"tunderstandhisexplanationbecause_______.　　A）theauthorwasn"tveryinterestedinwhathehadtosay　　B）theoldmancouldn"tspeakclearly　　C）theoldmanhadaverypoormemory　　D）theauthorhadn"thadanear-deathexperience　　[答疑编号506494090303：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题着重考查细节，阅读十三、十四段，结合全文主旨，概括得出，老人认为如果一个人没有过濒临死亡的经历，那么可能就不能体会到他所说话的真正涵义。答案为D。　　4.Theoldmanbegantovalueeverymomentofhislifeafter_________.　　A）hebrokehiskneeandhadtouseawheelchair　　B）hethoughtaboutendinghislifeayearago　　C）helosthisfamilyandwassenttotheseniorcenter　　D）herecoveredfromalife-threateningheartattack　　[答疑编号506494090304：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题是综合细节考查题，阅读第十四段，概括得出，老人之所以如此珍惜生命是因为大概一年前他差点因为心脏病而死亡，这次经历对他打击很大但又使他重视生命。答案为D。　　5.Theauthorbelievesthateveryoneshouldhaveanear-deathexperiencesothat_________.　　A）theycanappreciatelifemore　　B）theycantakecareofthemselves　　C）theycanlovetheirfamilymore　　D）theycanfeelhappyallthetime　　[答疑编号506494090305：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题注重考查细节，我们可以从倒数第二段第二个句子找到答案——Eversince,Ihavealwaysbelievedthateveryoneshouldhaveanear-deathexperiencesothattheycanappreciatelifemore.译为“从那以后，我一直认为每个人都应该有一次濒临死亡的经历，这样他们才会更加珍惜生命。”答案为A。　　ⅡBuildingYourVocabulary　　SectionA　　Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectchoiceofthewordsgiveninthebrackets.　　1.Youmustaskfor_______beforetakinganyphotographsinsidethechurch.（permit,permission）　　[答疑编号506494090306：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】permission【答案解析】译文：你必须得到允许才可以在教堂里拍照。空格处应使用名词形式作为askfor的宾语，因此应选用permission。答案为permission。　　2.Hegaveno______forwhathewasdoingthatevening.（explain,explanation）　　[答疑编号506494090307：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】explanation【答案解析】译文：他没有为那天晚上他所做的事做任何解释。空格处应使用名词形式作为give的宾语，因此应选用explanation。答案为explanation。　　3.Thethiefhadtakenaradioandsomeothergoods,butnothingofgreat______.（value,valuable）　　[答疑编号506494090308：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】value【答案解析】译文：小偷拿了收音机和一些其他货物，但没什么值钱的东西。此题考查固定用法beof+n.，因此选用value。答案为value。　　4.Herspeechaboutcrueltytochildrenwasvery_______.（power,powerful）　　[答疑编号506494090309：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】powerful【答案解析】译文：她关于虐待儿童的演说很有力量。空格处应使用形容词形式作为was的表语，因此应选用powerful。答案为powerful。　　5.Itismy________thatwewillfindacureforcancerinthenexttenyears.（belief,believe）　　[答疑编号506494090310：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】belief【答案解析】译文：在接下来的十年内找到治疗癌症的方法是我的信念。在形容词性物主代词my的后面应选用名词形式，因此此处应选用belief。答案为belief。　　6.Peopleareconcernedaboutthequalityoftheairthey______.（breath,breathe）　　[答疑编号506494090311：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】breathe【答案解析】人们很关注他们呼吸的空气的质量。主语they后缺少谓语，因此应选择动词形式breathe（呼吸）。breath为名词形式。答案为breathe。　　SectionB　　Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.　　insult冒犯regular有规律的confess承认surprise惊喜　　imply暗示appreciate感激repeat重复basic基本的　　1.Don"ttellAnnewe"vearrangedapartyforher—Iwantittobea________.　　[答疑编号506494090312：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】surprise【答案解析】译文：请不要告诉Anne我们为她准备了一场聚会——我想给她一个惊喜。根据句意应选用surprise。因为空格前有a，所以此处应使用名词形式。答案为surprise。　　2.You"ll________thechefifyoudon"tatleasttastethemeal.　　[答疑编号506494090313：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】insult【答案解析】译文：如果你一点也不品尝菜肴，那会是对厨师的冒犯。根据句意应选用insult。因为空格前是情态动词will，所以此处应使用动词原形。答案为insult。　　3.MyteachersaidIshouldavoid________ofwordsinmyessay.　　[答疑编号506494090314：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】repetition【答案解析】译文：我的老师说我应避免论文中的重词。动词avoid后面跟名词或动名词的形式，此处可填名词形式repetition。答案为repetition。　　4.Theletterseemsto________thattheministerknewaboutthebusinessdeals.　　[答疑编号506494090315：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】imply【答案解析】译文：这封信看起来在暗示说，部长知道这次商业交易。因此此处选用imply。此处应使用动词原形与空格前的seemto构成搭配seemto+v.，因此正确答案为imply。答案为imply。　　5.Marsha________thatshedidn"treallyknowhowtoworkthecomputer.　　[答疑编号506494090316：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】confessed【答案解析】译文：Marsha承认自己并不知道如何使用电脑。因此此处选用confess。从句中使用的时态为一般过去时，根据时态一致原则，此处应使用一般过去时，因此正确答案为confessed。答案为confessed。　　6.Thechairmanaskedmetoexpressour________ofallyourhardwork.　　[答疑编号506494090317：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】appreciation【答案解析】译文：主席让我表达我们对大家努力工作的感激。因此此处选用appreciate。在形容词性物主代词our的后面应使用名词形式，因此此处使用appreciation。答案为appreciation。　　SectionC　　Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswithasuitableword.　　1.Shespentmostofthedaydroppingin________friendsinEdinburgh.　　[答疑编号506494090318：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】on【答案解析】译文：她把一天中的大部分时间用来拜访在爱丁堡的朋友们。dropinon是固定搭配，译为顺便访问，因此此处应填on。答案为on。　　2.Shestared________meindisbelief.　　[答疑编号506494090319：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】at【答案解析】译文：她用不信任的眼神盯着我stareat…是固定搭配，译为盯着……，因此此处应填at。答案为at。　　3.Whathesaysisrightina________.　　[答疑编号506494090320：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】sense【答案解析】译文：从某种意义上说，她说的是正确的。inasense是固定搭配，译为从某种意义上说，因此此处应填sense。答案为sense。　　4.Thereareacoupleofpointsweneedtoclear________beforethemeetingbegins.　　[答疑编号506494090321：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】up【答案解析】译文：有几个问题我们需要在会议开始前解释一下。clearup是固定搭配，译为解答、解释，因此此处应填up。答案为up。　　5.Therecessionhasbroughtmanycompaniestotheir________.　　[答疑编号506494090322：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】knees【答案解析】译文：经济衰退已经击垮了很多公司。bringsb.totheirknees是固定搭配，译为打败某人。因此此处应填knees。答案为knees。　　6.Itwashardtodescribethenightmareshehadlived________.　　[答疑编号506494090323：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】through【答案解析】译文：很难描述她曾经经历过的噩梦。livethrough为固定搭配，意为经历过（不好的事情），挺过来。答案为through。　　ⅢBridgingtheGap　　Directions:Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.　　⑦pickingup①because⑨important③left⑤moment　　④angry⑥handed⑧promise⑩lesson②around　　Iwasduetogototheairportat9:00amtopickupmyUncleAliandtakehimtomyfather"shouse.However,Iforgot①Iwashangingoutwithmyfriends.Laterthatday,②11:00amIrememberedmyuncle,butbythenhehad③theairportandtakenataxitomyfather"shouse.Ireachedmyfather"shouseat2:00pm.ImmediatelyIcouldseefrommyfather"sfacehow④hewas.Atthat⑤,Ifeltdeeplyashamedofmyself.　　[答疑编号506494090324：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】①because；②around；③left；④angry；⑤moment【答案解析】①联系空格的上下文可以看出，上文译为“我需要在上午9点前到机场接我的叔叔Ali，然而我＿＿＿＿和朋友逛街把这事忘了。”空格应填入表示原因的连词，因此此处应填because。答案为because。　　②空格后为表示时间点的词，所以空格处应填介词或副词，因此应选择around。答案为around。　　③空格处需要填入一个动词过去分词与前面的had构成过去完成时，因此可以在handed与left中选择。联系上下文，此处应填left，译为“那个时候他已经离开机场打车去我父亲那里了。”答案为left。　　④结合空格后面的hewas，可以知道空格处应填形容词作was的表语，因此应在important与angry中选择。联系上下文，此处应填angry，译为“从父亲的脸上，立刻就能看出他有多生气。”答案为angry。　　⑤联系上下文，可知此处应填moment，atthatmoment译为“在那一刻”。答案为moment。　　AfterIhadgreetedmyfatheranduncle,myfatheraskedmetositnexttohimand⑥meawatchasagift.Thenhesaid,"John,didyouhavefunwithyourfriendstoday?"Ianswered,"Yes,father,andI"msorryaboutnot⑦UncleAli."Hesaid,"Youwerecarelessandinconsiderate.UncleAliisverytirednow.Youshouldbesorryforthat."Iwasashamedandsaid,"Father,I"llneverletyoudownagain.I⑧."Hesaid,"Well,Ihopetodayyouhavelearnedsomething⑨,andthiswatchwillbeareminderforyou."Hetoldmetotakethewatchanduseittohelporganizemylife.InthiswayIlearnedaveryimportant⑩frommyfather:tobepunctualandtherebyconsideratetowardsothers.　　[答疑编号506494090325：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】⑥handed；⑦pickingup；⑧promise；⑨important；⑩lesson【答案解析】⑥在句子“myfatheraskedmetositnexthimand________”中，and为并列连词，所以空格处应填动词过去式，与and前面的asked保持时态一致，因此此处应填handed，译为“父亲让我挨着他坐下，送给我一块手表做礼物。”答案为handed。　　⑦besorryaboutnotdoingsth.译为“因没有做某事而感到歉疚”。联系上下文，此处应填pickingup。答案为picking up。　　⑧联系上下文，此处应填promise，译为“我答应您，以后再不会让您失望了。”答案为promise。　　⑨当形容词修饰不定代词时，二者的位置关系是不定代词＋形容词。因此此处应填入形容词important，译为“我希望今天你学到了一些重要的东西。”答案为important。　　⑩本题考查固定搭配learnalesson，译为“吸取教训，引以为戒”。答案为lesson。【参考译文】　　我需要在上午9点到机场接我的叔叔Ali，并把他带到我父亲家。然而我因为和朋友逛街把这事忘了。那天大约上午11点我想起接我叔叔的事了，那个时候他已经离开机场打车去我父亲那里了。我下午两点到达我父亲家。从父亲的脸上，立刻就能看出他有多么生气。　　在那一刻，我深深地感到羞愧。我问候了他们之后，父亲让我挨着他坐下，递给我一块手表做礼物。然后他对我说，“John，你今天跟朋友玩儿得开心吗？”我回答说，“是的，父亲，我很抱歉没有接Ali叔叔。”他说，“你是一个粗心和不替别人着想的人。Ali叔叔现在很累了，你应该为此感到惭愧。”我很不好意思说道，“父亲，我答应您，以后再不会让您失望了。”他说“我希望今天你学到了一些重要的东西，这块表将给你作为一个提醒物。”他告诉我带走这块表并用它帮助我的生活有条理。这样，我从父亲那学到了一个非常重要的教训：做守时并且为别人着想的人。　　ⅣTranslation　　SectionA　　Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasesinthebrackets.　　1.Iwantto__________（花点儿时间和他在一起）beforehegoes.（abit）　　[答疑编号506494090326：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】spendabitoftimestayingwithhim【答案解析】本题考查点有两个。（1）固定用法sb.+spend+时间+（in）doingsth.（此处应注意避免与另一表达结构混淆，即ittakessb.＋时间＋todosth.）。（2）“一点时间”应译为abittime。答案为spendabitoftimestayingwithhim。　　2.Sheclaimsthatthesystemisatfaultand__________（某种意义上说她是对的）;itcouldbeimproved.（inasense）　　[答疑编号506494090327：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】she"srightinasense【答案解析】本题考查固定搭配inasense，译为“从某种意义上说”。答案为she"srightinasense。　　3.__________（我一直感到情绪低落）eversinceIlostmyjob.（feeldown）　　[答疑编号506494090328：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】Ihavebeenfeelingdown【答案解析】本题考查现在完成进行时，其由“have/has+been+现在分词”构成。当句中带有表示一段时间的时间状语，如：since＋时间点/从句时，表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作。答案为Ihavebeenfeelingdown。　　4._________（无论我建议什么）,healwaysdisagrees.（whatever）　　[答疑编号506494090329：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】WhateverIsuggest【答案解析】本题考查让步状语从句“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……；不管……都……”（“nomatter+疑问词”可以与“疑问词-ever”互换）。答案为WhateverIsuggest。　　5.Philip___________________（深吸了一口气）anddivedin.（takeabreath）　　[答疑编号506494090330：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】tookadeepbreath【答案解析】本题考查时态一致原则。句中and为并列连词，其后的动词为一般过去式，因此空格处动词也应为一般过去式。答案为tookadeepbreath。　　SectionB　　Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.　　Howmanyofusrealizethefactthatlifeisbeautifulandthatwehavethechoicetocherisheverymomentofit?Lifeislikeagarlandmadeupofflowers.Inthisgarlandeachandeveryflowerisimportant.Justasagarlandismadeupofmanyflowers,soourlifeisalongjourney,madeupofmanypreciousmoments.Weneedtocherish,savourandvaluethesemoments.Meansaremoreimportantthanends.Realjoyliesintheprocess,notinthefinalproduct.　　[答疑编号506494090331：针对该题提问] 【参考译文】生活是美好的，我们要抓住机会珍惜生活中的每个瞬间，这个事实又有多少人领悟到了呢？生活就像用美丽花朵编成的花环，花环上的每一朵花都是珍贵的。我们的生活是长途旅行，由许许多多宝贵的瞬间组成，这些瞬间恰似花环上那些花儿。我们要珍惜、欣赏这些瞬间，并且赋予他们价值。过程远比结果重要，真正的喜悦藏在过程中，而并非在最终的结果里。　　ⅤOrganizingYourIdeas　　Directions:Putthefollowingsentencesintheproperordersothattheymakeacompleteparagraph.　　1.Thinkaboutitforamoment:Mostofusgetupsetorfeelbadtowardourselveswhenwebelievethatweorsomeoneelseiswastingourtime.　　2.Oneofthekeystolivingasuccessfullifeistofeellikeyou"remakingeveryminutecount.　　3.Mostofuscanacceptthefactthattolivethelifeofourdreamswearestillgoingtohavetodothingswedon"tnecessarilywanttodoorfindallthat fulfilling.　　4.Inordertofeellikewe"relivingthelifeofourdreams,weassumethattherearenowastedmoments.　　5.It"sthe"I"dratherbe[doingsomethingelse.]"lament.　　6.So,ifhavingnowastedtimeisthegoal,howdowe,achievethat?　　7.But,we"rewillingto"paytheprice",sotospeak.　　8.Well,therearethreekeys:planandprepare,acceptresponsibility,fullyenjoyyourtimeoff.　　[答疑编号506494090332：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】排列句子顺序：3—1—5—7—6—8—2—4【答案解析】文章开始提出问题，我们大多数人为梦想而活的同时，不得不做一些非必要的事（第3句）；然后叙述在做这些非必要的事时我们的态度，依次应是第1、5、7句；接着转折话题为“如果以不浪费时间为目标，我们应该如何去实现呢”（第6句）；后面分别介绍了具体做法，依次应是第8、2、4句。【参考译文】　　1、我们多数人都能接受这一事实，我们是为了梦想而活着，为此我们不得不做一些不必要的事情。　　2、想一想这点：当我们认为我们自己或者其他人正在浪费我们的时间，此时大部分4、人会生气或者感觉不好。　　3、后悔的哀叹道：“我还不如干点别的事呢”。　　4、但是，我们这么说是因为“付出了代价”。　　5、那么，如果没有浪费时间，我们如何达到人生目标？　　6、有三个要点：计划和有准备，承担责任和充分享受闲暇。　　7、成功的一生关键之一是要做到每一分钟都有价值。　　8、为了实现我们的梦想，我们假定：不浪费片刻时间。　　ⅥReflectingontheText　　Weoftentakeotherpeopleforgranted:ourparents,ourfriends,ourteachers.Weoftenrealizetheirtruevalueonlywhentheyarenolongerwithus.Weneedtoconstantlyremindourselvesofhowmuchweowetoothers,andtothinkofthoselessfortunatethanourselves.Weshouldrememberthatwithgoodfortunecomesresponsibility;andthattherecanbenothingmoreexcitingorfulfillinginlifethanprovidingeffectivehelporshowingmuchneededkindnesstothoselessfortunatethanourselves.Whathavebeenthemostexcitingandfulfillingmomentsinyourlifesofar?　　[答疑编号506494090333：针对该题提问]　　【写作思路】首先阐述在你的经历中，你觉得最难忘最兴奋的事是什么。Themostfulfillingmomentsinmylifesofaris…然后描述事情的概况，说明为什么你会有如此的感受。Threeyearsago,I...IfeelsoexcitedthatIcan…最后概括下这样的经历对你有如何重要的意义。TextBNewWords　　1、keepern.apersonwhosejobistotakecareofabuilding,itscontentsorsomethingvaluable看守人　　2、springn.aplacewherewatercomesnaturallytothesurfacefromundertheground泉　　3、lateadj.nolongeralive已故的　　4、eloquentadj.abletouselanguageandexpressyouropinionswell雄辩的；有口才的　　5、chaplainn.apriestorotherChristianministerwhoisresponsibleforthereligiousneedsofpeopleinaprison,hospital,etc.orinthearmedforces牧师　　6、senaten.oneofthetwogroupsofelectedpoliticianswhomakelawsinsomecountries,forexampleintheUS,Australia,CanadaandFrance 参议院　　7、dwellern.apersonorananimalthatlivesintheparticularplace居住者　　8、slopen.anareaoflandthatispartofamountainorhill山坡　　9、councilmann.（AmE）amanwhoisamemberofthegovernmentofacityintheUS（美国的）市议员　　10、debrisn.piecesofmaterialthatarenotwantedandrubbishthatisleftsomewhere废弃物　　11、crevicen.anarrowcrackinarockorwall裂缝　　12、faithfuladj.stayingwithorsupportingaparticularperson,organizationorbelief忠实的　　13、regularityn.thefactthatthesamethinghappensagainandagain经常性　　14、patrolv.togoaroundanareaorabuildingatregulartimestocheckthatitissafeandthatthereisnotrouble巡查　　15、removev.togetridofsomethingunpleasant,dirty,etc.去除　　16、siltn.sand,mud,etc.thatiscarriedbyflowingwaterandisleftatthemouthofariver淤泥　　17、chokev.toblockorfillapassage,space,etc.sothatmovementisdifficult阻塞　　18、contaminatev.tomakeasubstanceorplacedirtybyaddingasubstancethatisdangerousorcarriesdisease污染　　19、attractionn.aninterestingorenjoyableplacetogo有吸引力的地方　　20、gracefuladj.movinginacontrolled,attractivewayorhavingasmooth,attractiveform优雅的　　21、floatv.tomoveslowlyonwaterorintheair浮动；漂流　　22、crystalclearadj.（ofglass,water,etc.）completelyclearandbright（玻璃、水等）清澈透明的；晶莹的　　23、millwheeln.alargewheelthatisturnedbywaterandthatmakesthemachineryofamillwork水车轮　　24、variousadj.severaldifferent各种各样的　　25、locatedadj.ifsomethingislocatedinaparticularplace,itexiststhereorhasbeenputthere位于；坐落在　　26、irrigatev.tosupplywatertoanareaoflandthroughpipesorchannelssothatcropswillgrow灌溉　　27、picturesqueadj.pretty,especiallyinawaythatlooksold-fashioned优美的　　28、descriptionn.apieceofwritingorspeechthatsayswhatsomebody/somethingislike描写　　29、counciln.agroupofpeoplewhoareelectedtogovernanareasuchasacityorcounty地方议会　　30、semiannualadj.occurringeverysixmonthsortwiceayear半年一次的　　31、budgetn.themoneythatisavailabletoapersonoranorganizationandaplanofhowitwillbespentoveraperiodoftime预算　　32、obscureadj.notwellknown无名的；鲜为人知的　　33、rangern.apersonwhosejobistotakecareofapark,aforestoranareaofcountryside护林人　　34、unanimousadj.allagreeingonadecisionoranopinion一致同意的　　35、shedv.tofalloffaspartofanaturalprocess（植物）落（叶）　　36、snapv.tobreaksomethingsuddenlywithasharpnoise;tobebrokeninthisway断裂　　37、hinderv.tomakeitdifficultforsomethingtohappen阻碍　　38、sparklingadj.shiningandflashingwithlight闪耀的　　39、slightadj.verysmallindegree略微的　　40、tintn.afaintcolourcoveringasurface淡色　　41、slimyadj.coveredwithanunpleasantthickslipperysubstance黏糊糊的　　42、filmn.athinlayerofsomething,usuallyonthesurfaceofsomethingelse薄薄的一层　　43、sectionn.anyofthepartsintowhichsomethingisdivided地段　　44、fouladj.dirtyandsmellingbad难闻的　　45、odorn.（AmE）asmell,especiallyonethatisunpleasant 气味；臭味　　46、detectv.todiscoverornoticesomething,especiallysomethingthatisnoteasytosee,hear,etc.发现　　47、embarrassedadj.shy,awkwardorashamed,especiallyinasocialsituation窘迫的，尴尬的　　48、grossadj.veryobviousandunacceptable严重的　　49、veritableadj.usedtoemphasizethatsomebody/somethingcanbecomparedtosomebody/somethingelsethatismoreexciting,moreimpressive,etc.名副其实的　　50、hamletn.averysmallvillage小村庄　　51、seemingadj.appearingtobesomethingthatmaynotbetrue看似……的　　52、fastadv.firmly;completely牢固地PhrasesandExpressions　　1、clearawaytomakeaplacelooktidierbyremovingthingsorputtingthingsbackwheretheybelong清除　　2、wipeawaytoremove,forexamplebyusingaclothoryourhand擦除　　3、dispensewithtostopusingsomebody/somethingbecauseyounolongerneedthemorit摒弃；不再用　　4、grindtoahalttogoslowergraduallyandthenstopcompletely慢慢停下来　　5、clearuptomakesomethingcleanandneat使整洁；清理　　6、clingtotobeunwillingtostopdoingsomething坚持ProperNames　　1、PeterMarshall彼得·马歇尔　　2、theAlps阿尔卑斯山脉TextBKeeperoftheSpringPre-readingQuestions　　1.Ifyouaregivenanunimportantjob,howwillyoureactandhowwillyoufinishthejob?　　2.Whydoyouthinkthecouncildidn"trealizetheimportanceofthekeeperofthespring?KeeperoftheSpring　　ThelatePeterMarshallwasaneloquentspeakerandforseveralyearsservedasthechaplainoftheUSSenate.Heusedtolovetotellthestoryofthe"KeeperoftheSpring",aquietforestdwellerwholivedhighaboveanAustrianvillagealongtheeasternslopeoftheAlps.　　Theoldgentlemanhadbeenhiredmanyyearsearlierbyayoungtowncouncilmantoclearawaythedebrisfromthepoolsofwaterupinthemountaincrevicesthatfedthelovelyspringflowingthroughtheirtown.Withfaithful,silentregularity,hepatrolledthehills,removedtheleavesandbranches,andwipedawaythesiltthatwouldotherwisehavechokedandcontaminatedthefreshflowofwater.①Thevillagesoonbecameapopularattractionforvacationers.Gracefulswansfloatedalongthecrystalclearspring,themillwheelsofvariousbusinesseslocatednearthewaterturneddayandnight,farmlandswerenaturallyirrigated,andtheviewsfromrestaurantswerepicturesquebeyonddescription.　　Yearspassed.Oneeveningthetowncouncilmetforitssemiannualmeeting.Astheyreviewedthebudget,oneman"seyecaughtthesalarybeingpaidtotheobscurekeeperofthespring.Saidthekeeperofthepurse,"Whoistheoldman?Whydowekeephimonyearafteryear?Nooneeverseeshim.Forallweknow,thestrangerangerofthehillsisdoingusnogood.Heisn"tnecessaryanylonger."Byaunanimousvote,theydispensedwiththeoldman"sservices.　　Forseveralweeks,nothingchanged.　　Byearlyautumn,thetreesbegantoshedtheirleaves.Smallbranchessnappedoffandfellintothepools,hinderingtherushingflowofsparklingwater.Oneafternoonsomeonenoticedaslightyellowish-browntintinthespring.Afewdayslater,thewaterwasmuchdarker.Withinanother week,aslimyfilmcoveredsectionsofthewateralongthebanks,andafoulodorwassoondetected.Themillwheelsmovedmoreslowly,somefinallygroundtoahalt.Swansleft,asdidthetourists.Clammyfingersofdiseaseandsicknessreacheddeeplyintothevillage.②　　Quickly,theembarrassedcouncilcalledaspecialmeeting.Realizingtheirgrosserrorofjudgment,theyrehiredtheoldkeeperofthespringand,withinafewweeks，theveritableriveroflifebegantoclearup.③Thewheelsstartedtoturn,andnewlifereturnedtothehamletintheAlps.　　Neverbecomediscouragedwiththeseemingsmallnessofyourtask,job,orlife.ClingfasttothewordsofEdwardEverettHale:"Iamonlyone,butstillIamone.Icannotdoeverything,butstillIcandosomething;andbecauseIcannotdoeverything,IwillnotrefusetodosomethingIcando."Thekeytoaccomplishmentisbelievingthatwhatyoucandowillmakeadifference.④　　KeySentences　　1.Withfaithful,silentregularity,hepatrolledthehills,removedtheleavesandbranches,andwipedawaythesiltthatwouldotherwisehavechokedandcontaminatedthefreshflowofwater.　　他很尽职，默默地定期到山上巡逻，清理树叶和树枝，除去可能堵塞或者污染清泉的淤泥。　　2.Clammyfingersofdiseaseandsicknessreacheddeeplyintothevillage.　　疾病的魔爪开始伸向村庄。　　3.Realizingtheirgrosserrorofjudgment,theyrehiredtheoldkeeperofthespringand,withinafewweeks，theveritableriveroflifebegantoclearup.　　他们意识到了自己判断上的严重错误，重新雇佣了那位老人，在几周的时间里河水又变得清洁了。　　4.Thekeytoaccomplishmentisbelievingthatwhatyoucandowillmakeadifference.　　成功的秘诀在于,要相信你所能做的事情终会有所收获。TextBKeeperoftheSpringExercises　　ⅠCheckingYourComprehension　　SectionA　　Directions:ReadthefollowingstatementsandmarkY（forYes）ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthetext;N（forNo）ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthetext;NG（forNotGiven）iftheinformationisnotgiveninthetext.　　（　）1.Thekeeperofthespringusedtobeayoungtowncouncilman.　　[答疑编号506494090601：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】N【答案解析】译文：泉水的守护人曾经是一位年轻的议员。本题着重考查细节，从文章第二段第一句话可以得知，作为守护人的老人并未担任过议员，而是受雇于某位议员。因此这个判断是错误的。答案为N。　　（　）2.Thevillagebecameatouristattractionbecauseofthekeeper’swork.　　[答疑编号506494090602：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】Y【答案解析】译文：这个村庄成为吸引游客的旅游地是因为守护人的工作。通过阅读文章第二段可以得知，在护林老人用心的工作护理下，村庄变得整洁美丽而吸引大量游客，因此这个判断是正确的。答案为Y。 　　（　）3.Thetowncouncilmetbecausethekeeperwasgettingtooold.　　[答疑编号506494090603：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】N【答案解析】译文：小镇的议会召开会议是因为护林老人的年纪太大了。我们可以从文章第三段的第二句话“oneeveningthetowncouncilmetforitssemiannualmeeting”可以知道，小镇的会议是每半年一次定期召开的，与护林老人无关。因此这个判断是错误的。答案为N。　　（　）4.Halfofthecouncilmenvotedthattheydidn"tneedthekeeper.　　[答疑编号506494090604：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】N【答案解析】译文：一半的议员投票认为没有必要继续使用守护人。我们可以从文章第三段的最后一句话找到答案“byaunanimousvote,theydispensedwiththeoldman"sservice.”句中的unanimous表示是全体议员一致同意的。因此这个判断是错误的。答案为N。　　（　）5.Thekeeperofthespringwasworriedwhentheriverbecamedirty.　　[答疑编号506494090605：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】NG【答案解析】译文：当河水变脏，泉水守护人很担忧。通读全文，当河水变脏时作为守护人的老人已经被解雇，他是否因此而担忧并未提及。正确答案为NG。　　（　）6.Thecouncilwasembarrassedanddecidedtohirethekeeperagain.　　[答疑编号506494090606：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】Y【答案解析】译文：（当环境变得很糟时）议会很尴尬并决定重新雇佣那位老人。通过阅读倒数第二段第一、第二个句子，可以得知这个判断是正确的。答案为Y。　　SectionB　　Directions:Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthetext.　　1.Thekeeperofthespringdidhisjobwith___________.　　[答疑编号506494090607：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】faithfulandsilentregularity【答案解析】通过阅读文章第二段第二个句子withfaithful,silentregularity，和patrolled…ofwater可以知道，此处应填faithful，silentregularity。答案为faithfulandsilentregularity。　　2.Touristsintherestaurantswouldfindtheviewspicturesque___________.　　[答疑编号506494090608：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】beyonddescription【答案解析】通过阅读文章第二段的最后一个句子可以知道，此处应填beyonddescription。答案为beyonddescription。　　3.Onecouncilmanquestionedthekeeper"sworkwhenhiseyecaughtthekeeper"s___________.　　[答疑编号506494090609：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】salary【答案解析】通过阅读文章第三段的第二个句子可以知道，此处应填salary。答案为salary。　　4.Thevillagewasaffectedbythedirtyriverwhichwaslikeclammyfingersof___________.　　[答疑编号506494090610：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】diseaseandsickness【答案解析】通过阅读文章第五段最后一个句子可以知道，此处应填diseaseandsickness，答案为diseaseandsickness。　　5.Thecouncilrehiredtheoldkeeperofthespringaftertheyrealizedtheir________.　　[答疑编号506494090611：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】grosserrorofjudgment【答案解析】通过阅读文章第六段第二个句子可以知道，此处应填grosserrorofjudgment。答案为grosserrorofjudgment。　　6.Believingthatwhatyoucandowillmakeadifferenceis___________.　　[答疑编号506494090612：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】thekeytoaccomplishment【答案解析】通过阅读文章最后一个句子可以知道，此处应填thekeyto accomplishment。答案为thekeytoaccomplishment。　　ⅡBuildingYourVocabulary　　SectionA　　Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswiththecorrectchoiceofthewordsgiveninthebrackets.　　1.His__________olddogaccompaniedhimeverywherehewent.（faith,faithful）　　[答疑编号506494090613：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】faithful【答案解析】译文：无论他走到哪儿，那条忠实的老狗都陪在他身边。空格处需要形容词作olddog的定语，因此应选用形容词faithful。答案为faithful。　　2.What_________memostaboutthejobwasthechancetotravel.（attracted,attraction）　　[答疑编号506494090614：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】attracted【答案解析】译文：这份工作最打动我的地方在于可以有机会去旅行。was前为主语从句，空格处为主语从句的谓语，因此应选用动词attracted。答案为attracted。　　3.It"snot_________forachildofhisagetobesoquiet.（nature,natural）　　[答疑编号506494090615：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】natural【答案解析】译文：对于像他这个年龄的孩子来说，保持安静是不自然的。本题考查固定用法itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth.。此处应选用形容词natural。答案为natural。　　4.Theyouthis__________asbeing18to19yearsold.（described,description）　　[答疑编号506494090616：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】described【答案解析】译文：介于18到19岁的人群被界定为青少年。本题考查被动语态的用法，结构为“be＋动词过去分词”，因此此处选用describe的过去分词形式described。答案为described。　　5.Alotoffamiliescannotevenaffordtobuythebasic_________oflife.（necessities,necessary）　　[答疑编号506494090617：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】necessities【答案解析】译文：很多家庭甚至没有足够的钱用来购买最基本的生活必需品。此处需要填入名词，被空格前的basic修饰，因此此处选用necessities。答案为necessities。　　6.Therehasbeena___________improvementinherhealth.（notice,noticeable）　　[答疑编号506494090618：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】noticeable【答案解析】译文：她的健康状况有了明显的好转。空格处需要填入形容词修饰其后的improvement。因此此处选用noticeable。　　SectionB　　Directions:Fillintheblankswiththewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.　　located位于float漂浮detect发现rehire重新雇用　　seeming看似vacation假期budget预算obscure鲜为人知的　　1.We"rehopingtotakea_________attheendofJuly.　　[答疑编号506494090619：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】vacation【答案解析】译文：我们想要在七月底去度假。本题考查固定用法takeavacation，意为“去度假”。答案为vacation。　　2.Shespenttheafternoon_________onherbackinthepool.　　[答疑编号506494090620：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】（in）floating【答案解析】译文：她一下午都在泳池里仰浮。本题考查点有两个，一是固定搭配floatonone"sback，意为“某人仰浮”；二是固定句式sb.spendtime/money（in）doingsth.译为“花费时间（金钱）做某事”。在这个句式中需要注意的是主语必须为人，in可以省略。因此此处应填floating或infloating。答案为（in）floating。　　3.Thebusinessis___________rightinthecenteroftown.　　[答疑编号506494090621：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】located【答案解析】译文：这个商家坐落于城镇的正中心。本题考查固定用法belocatedin，译为“坐落于，位于”。因此此处应填located。答案为located。　　4.Hisrealmotiveforthecrimeremains_________. 　　[答疑编号506494090622：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】obscure【答案解析】译文：他真正的作案动机仍不清楚。根据句意，此处应填obscure。答案为obscure。　　5.Manyformsofcancercanbecuredif_________early.　　[答疑编号506494090623：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】detected【答案解析】译文：许多类型的癌症，如果（被）发现得早的话是可以治愈的。根据句意，此处应选择detect。结合表述上的逻辑关系，癌症应为“被发现”，所以此处应使用过去分词形式表示被动的含义，因此此处应填detected。答案为detected。　　6.Heremainsconfidentand_________untroubledbyhisrecentproblems.　　[答疑编号506494090624：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】seemingly【答案解析】译文：他很自信，看起来并没有被近来的麻烦所困扰。此处可填副词修饰并列表语中的第二个形容词untroubled。答案为seemingly。　　SectionC　　Directions:Completeeachofthefollowingsentenceswithasuitableword.　　1.Homeownersareclearing_________brushwoodneartheirhousestopreventfires.　　[答疑编号506494090625：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】away【答案解析】译文：为了防火，房主们正在清除他们房子附近的灌木丛。clearaway意为清除，因此空格处应填away。答案为away。　　2.Beingtogetherdayand_________canputgreatpressureonanyrelationship.　　[答疑编号506494090626：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】night【答案解析】译文：对任何关系来说，整天在一起都会造成很大的压力。根据句意，空格处应填night，构成固定搭配dayandnight，意为“日日夜夜，不分昼夜”。答案为night。 　　3.Thedeathanddestructionwerebeyond________.　　[答疑编号506494090627：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】description【答案解析】译文：死亡和毁灭是无法描述的。本题考查固定搭配beyonddescription，意为“难以描述，无法形容”。答案为description。　　4.Trafficgroundtoa_________asitapproachedthesiteoftheaccident.　　[答疑编号506494090628：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】halt【答案解析】译文：事故地点附近的交通都慢慢地停了下来。本题考查固定用法grindtoahalt，意为“慢慢停下来”。其中grind的过去式和过去分词均为ground。答案为halt。　　5.Idon"tmindyourusingthekitchenaslongasyouclear_________afterwards.　　[答疑编号506494090629：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】up【答案解析】译文：只要你用完之后清理干净，我并不介意你用厨房。clearup意为“清理，使整洁”，因此空格处应填up。答案为up。　　6.Throughoutthetrialshehad__________tothebeliefthathewasinnocent.　　[答疑编号506494090630：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】clung【答案解析】译文：在整个庭审过程中，她始终坚信他是无罪的。本题考查点主要有两个，一是固定用法clingto，意为“坚持”。clingtothebeliefthat…意为“坚定……的信念，坚信”；二是过去完成时的使用，其结构为主语+had+动词的过去分词，用来强调过去某一个动作发生在另一个动作之前。因此空格处应填clung。答案为clung。　　ⅢTranslation　　SectionA　　Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsorphrasesinthebrackets.　　1.I___________（擦去她洒落在餐桌上的酒）.（wipeaway）　　[答疑编号506494090631：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】Wipedawaythewinethatshehadsplashedonthetable.【答案解析】本题考查点主要有三个，一是固定用法wipeaway，意为“擦去，清除”。二是过去完成时的使用，其结构为主语＋had＋动词的过去分词，用来强调过去某一个动作发生在另一个动作之前。洒酒在先，应为shehadsplashed，擦酒在后，应为Iwipedawaythewine。三是定语从句的使用。此句为限定性定语从句，先行词为wine，关系词在句中充当宾语，因此关系词选用that或which。当that充当宾语时可以省略。答案为Wipedawaythewinethatshehadsplashedonthetable.　　2.Annsuggestedthatthey___________（婚礼上不用讲话）.（dispensewith）　　[答疑编号506494090632：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】（should）dispensewiththespeechattheirweddingceremony【答案解析】本题考查点主要有两个，一是dispensewith的用法，dispensewith意为“摒弃，不再用”。二是suggest表示建议时，其后宾语从句结构为suggest（that）＋主语＋（should）dosth.。答案为（should）dispensewiththespeechattheirweddingceremony。　　3.Thetreeswere__________（开始落叶）.（shed）　　[答疑编号506494090633：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】sheddingtheirleaves【答案解析】落叶可译为shedleaves。因此空格处可译为sheddingtheirleaves。答案为sheddingtheirleaves。　　4.__________（她的进步并未受到阻碍）byherlackofexperience.（hinder）　　[答疑编号506494090634：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】Herprogresswasnothindered【答案解析】本题考查被动语态的用法。其结构为主语+be+动词过去分词。答案为Herprogresswasnothindered。　　5._________（我感到尴尬）abouthowuntidythehousewas.（embarrassed）　　[答疑编号506494090635：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】Ifeltembarrassed【答案解析】embarrassed表示“（人感到）不好意思的、尴尬的”。答案为Ifeltembarrassed。　　SectionB　　Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.　　Duringabriefbreakbetweenlessons,aboywasmakingfunofhisclassmate"sfather,who happenedtobea"trashman".Theteacheroverheardtheconversationandimmediatelyquietedtheclassandsaid,"Never,neverlookdownuponthosewhodoessential,unpleasantjobs.ThoseinWasteManagementplayaveryimportantroleinourcommunity.Justimaginewhatitwouldbelikeifnoonepickedupourtrash!Therewouldbepilesandpilesoftrashallovertheplace.Beforelongeverywherewouldbeveryverysmelly!"Thechildrenlistenedcarefully.Theynoticedhowstronglyandpassionatelytheteacherwasspeaking.Howrightshewas!Theyalllearnedabiglessonthatday.　　[答疑编号506494090636：针对该题提问] 【参考译文】在一次短暂的课间休息中，一个男孩取笑他同学的做垃圾清理工的父亲。老师偶然间听到了，立刻让学生们安静下来，说，“千万千万不要看不起那些在最底层、做不体面工作的人。那些在废物管理处工作的人在我们的社会中充当着非常重要的角色。设想一下如果没人清理垃圾的话环境会怎样！那会遍地都堆满了成堆成堆的垃圾。用不了多久处处都会散发难闻的味道！”学生们认真地听着老师说。他们感觉到老师说得多么强而有力。这些话多有道理啊！他们今天上了很重要的一课。　　ⅣWriting　　SectionA　　Directions:Thefollowingsentencesarenotconcise.Trytoimprovethem.　　Example:Inthisdayandage,peopleareundertheimpressionthatitisimportanttoexpressideasinaconcisemanner.　　Revision:Today,peoplethinkitisimportanttoexpressideasconcisely.　　1.SmithCollege,whichwasfoundedin1871,isaleadingall-women"scollegeintheUnitedStates.　　[答疑编号506494090637：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】SmithCollege,foundedin1871,isaleadingall-women"scollegeintheUnitedStates.【答案解析】本题中非限定性定语从句可以简化为短语修饰先行词college。答案为SmithCollege,foundedin1871,isaleadingall-women"scollegeintheUnitedStates.　　2.Joewasanhonestandhard-workingman.Basically,henevergavemuchconsiderationtosittingidlyabout,doingnothingconstructive.　　[答疑编号506494090638：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】Joewashonestandhardworking.Basically,heneverconsideredidlingabout.【答案解析】提炼句子的中心意思，“乔是诚实和努力工作的。他从不会呆呆坐着不做事。”答案为Joewashonestandhardworking.Basically,heneverconsideredidlingabout.　　3.Atwhatpointintimewilladownturninthestockmarkethaveareallyseriouseffectonthe sociallifeofpeopleasawhole?　　[答疑编号506494090639：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】Whenwilladownturninthestockmarketseriouslyaffectpeople"slife?【答案解析】提炼句子的中心意思，“在什么情况下股票市场的低迷会对人们的生活造成严重的影响？”atwhatpoint可用连词when来代替。asawhole（整体来讲，一般来说）在本句中没有实质含义，可以去掉。serious本意为“严重的”，不需要再用really来修饰。答案为Whenwilladownturninthestockmarketseriouslyaffectpeople"slife?　　4.IwouldcallyourattentiontothefactthatourPresident,whowasformerlytheGovernorofArkansas,isbasicallyaSoutherner.　　[答疑编号506494090640：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】IwouldremindyouthatourPresident,theformerGovernorofArkansas,isbasicallyaSoutherner.【答案解析】提炼句子的中心意思，“我要提醒你的是，我们的主席，即前任阿肯色州的官员，实际上是南方人。”callyourattentiontothefact可用短语remindyouthat代替。答案为IwouldremindyouthatourPresident,theformerGovernorofArkansas,isbasicallyaSoutherner.　　5.George"swifeisawomanwhoisunhappybecauseofthefactthatGeorgeignoresher.　　[答疑编号506494090641：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】George"swifeisunhappybecauseGeorgeignoresher.【答案解析】提炼句子的中心意思，“乔治的妻子不开心，因为乔治无视她。”答案为George"swifeisunhappybecauseGeorgeignoresher.　　SectionB　　Directions:Writeaparagraphusingthepointslistedbelowandlinkingthemwithappropriateexpressions.Thefirstandlastsentencesoftheoriginalparagrapharegiven.　　chooseapropertime　　atnight　　duringtherainyseason　　avoidpiranha-infested（满是水虎鱼的）waters　　thedryseason　　foodsuppliesarelow　　piranhasaremoredesperate　　feedduringtheday　　night-timeswimmingismuchsafer　　streamlineyourmovement　　wildactivityattractstheattentionof piranhas　　swimslowlyandsmoothly　　neverenterthewaterwithanopenwound　　piranhasattacklargeranimals　　theyarewounded　　thepresenceofblood　　temptthefishtoattack　　Youcansafelyswimwithpiranhas（水虎鱼）,butit’simportanttoknowhowandwhentodoso.　　__________________.　　Ifyoufollowthesesimpleprecautions,youwillhavelittletofear.　　[答疑编号506494090642：针对该题提问] 【参考答案】　　Firstly,youshouldchooseapropertime.Duringtherainyseasonatnight,rememberdoavoidpiranha-infestedwaters.Ifit"sthedryseason,foodsuppliesarelowandpiranhasaremoredesperate.Youcanfeelduringthedayandnight-timeswimmingismuchsafer.Becausewildactivityattractstheattentionofpiranhas,youneedstreamlineyourmovementandswimslowlyandsmoothly.　　Rememberneverenterthewaterwithanopenwound.Piranhasattacklargeranimalswhicharewounded.Thepresenceofbloodtemptsthefish"sattack.【答案解析】本题要求根据提供的短语写一个段落，其中首句和尾句已经给出。根据短语可以看出，本段主要是讲在有水虎鱼（piranha）的地方游泳时，要特别注意的事情。PracticalWritingLetterofcongratulations　　Aletterofcongratulationsisusedinbothpersonalandbusinesssituations.Itsprimarypurposeistoformallycongratulateapersonor.anorganizationonanoutstandingachievement.　　Intheletteryoumay:　　→Congratulatethereaderontheirachievement,promotion,etc.　　→Inanupbeattone,tellthereaderwhereyoulearnedofthenews.　　→Addapersonalnoteorpersonalcommentofpraiseinaseparateparagraph.　　→Restateyourcongratulationsandwishthereadergoodluck.Sample　　DearLukeandSophie,　　RichardandIweredelightedtohearofthebirthofyourdaughter.Iknowyouhavebothbeenwaitingforthismomentforalongtimeandyoumustbethrillednowithascomeatlast.Congratulationstoyouboth.　　IheardthenewsfromMark,whophonedmesoonafterIhadreturnedfromworkearlierthisevening.Itreallycheeredmeup.I’msureyoumustbegreatlyrelievedthateverythinghasgonewellandthatSandraisrobustandhealthy.Mayshelongcontinueso!　　Iexpectyouwillbothbeverybusyinthecomingdaysbut,whenyouhavetimeandfeelready,RichardandIwouldlovetoseeyouandSandra.Justletmeknowwhenyoufeelthetimeisright.　　Congratulationsagain.Andmayyouandyourpreciouslittleonehavemanyenjoyableandmemorabledaysahead!　　Love,　　Elizabeth GuidedPractice　　Directions:Writealetterofcongratulationsinabout120wordsbasedonthefollowingstory.　　YourfriendAlberthasjustgraduatedfromaprestigiousuniversityandhascometopofthemeritlist.Severalyearsago,Albertlosthisparentsinafatalaccident,asaresultofwhichhehashadtoshouldertheresponsibilityofhissisters.However,hehasmanagedthingswell,playingafatherlyrolewhilestillcontinuinghiseducation.HehasalwaysbeenabrightstudentHelovesEnglishliteratureandsowasabletoachieveexcellentgradesinhisfinalexams.　　[答疑编号506494090643：针对该题提问]　　【写作思路】祝贺信可用于祝贺个人或组织取得重大的成就、升迁等。下面主要列出写作步骤：　　1.信的开头要在左上角写收信人的称呼（DearAlbert）。　　2.首先要祝贺Albert以优异的成绩从大学毕业（Iamdelightedtoknowthat...）。　　3.以高兴的口吻写出你得到这个消息的来源，单独用一段表达个人的赞赏，可穿插入Albert的个人经历（Congratulationson…Youhavegonethrough…）。　　4.对Albert以后生活的期望和祝福（Iexpectyou…），也希望在英语方面可以和他交流（exchange…inEnglish）。　　5.最后要再次强调自己对对方的祝贺（Congratulationsagain…）。　　6.最后在左下角写祝福语和自己的名字。GrammarinFocus定语从句（AttributiveClauses）　　在复合句中用作定语的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，引导词除引导定语从句外，还在定语从句中充当一定的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。被定语从句修饰的词不可在定语从句中重复出现。例如：　　ThetownwhereIwasbornhasbeendevelopedintoamedium-sizedcity.　　该句中，where引导定语从句修饰thetown，同时在定语从句中充当状语。不可说成*ThetownwhereIwasborninithasbeendevelopedintoamedium-sizedcity。　　一、关系代词和关系副词的用法　　用于引导定语从句的引导词可分为关系代词和关系副词两大类。其本质区别在于它们在定语从句中的句法作用不同。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语等；而关系副词在句中只能用作状语，表示时间、地点、原因等。试比较：　　I"llneverforgetthedaysthat（which）wespenttogether.　　I"llneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedtogether.　　Thisisthevillagewherehewasborn.　　Thisisthevillagethat（which）wevisitedlastweek.　　*that/which　　that和which都是关系代词，在句中可作主语和宾语。that可用于指人，也可指物。which只能用来指物。例如：　　Thisisthedictionarythat（which）Iboughtyesterday.　　He"sthemanwho（that）livesinthatbeautifulvilla.　　当关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词一般可放在定语从句的谓语动词后面，也可置于关系代词之前，但这时，只能使用which，不可使用that。例如：　　Thisisthenovelthat（which）Itakegreatinterestin.　　=ThisisthenovelinwhichItakegreatinterest.　　*who/whom/whose　　这几个关系代词都用手指人，who在定语从句中可用作主语，也可用作宾语；whom在定语从句中只能用作宾语，这时，一般可用who来替换，也可省略；whose在定语从句中只可用作定语。例如：　　Themanwhospeaksinfrontoftheblackboardisourteacher.　　Themanwhom（who）yousawjustnowisnewhere.　　Thosestudentswhoserecordsareexcellentcangetthescholarship.　　Thechildrenhadtheirclassesintheclassroomwhosewindowswereall broken.　　*as　　as也可用作关系代词，引导定语从句，多用于thesame…as或such…as等句型中。例如：　　Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays.　　Let’sdiscussonlysuchquestionsasconcerneveryoneofus.　　*when/where/why　　这几个词都是关系副词，在定语从句中只能用作状语，分别表示时间、地点和原因。例如：　　Istillrememberthetimewhen（atwhich）IfirstbecameanEnglishteacher.　　Thatistheapartmentwhere（inwhich）helivedtenyearsago.　　Thatisthereasonwhy（forwhich）heavoidedspeakingtoyou.　　二、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句　　“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句多用于正式文体，可使用的关系代词有which和whom。例如：　　Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?　　ThisisthemantowhomIreferred.　　Thisisthequestionaboutwhichwe"vehadsomuchdiscussion.　　三、限制性和非限制性定语从句　　定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰、限制、确定的作用，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系，这种从句前后通常没有逗号。而非限制性定语从句和先行词之间的联系较为松散，主要起到额外补充信息的作用，通常用逗号与主句隔开。应当记住的一条重要原则是：关系代词that不能引导非限制性定语从句。例如：　　ShewasfondofspeakingFrench,whichindeedshespokewell.　　Ihavemanyfriends,someofwhomarepainters.　　SheisgoingtospendthesummerholidaysinQingdao,whereshehassomerelatives.　　四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别　　从所表达的内容来说，同位语从句表示与之同位的名词的具体内容，而定语从句则对其限定的名词起修饰限制的作用；从引导词的作用来说，同位语从句的引导词不在从句中充当任何成分，一般不省略；而定语从句的引导词总是在从句中充当一定的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等，关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。试比较：　　Thenewsthathehasjusttoldusisreallysurprising.（定语从句）　　Thenewsthathehasalreadypassedthecollegeentranceexammakesthefamilyveryhappy.（同位语从句）Exercises　　Directions：Choosethebestanswertoeachofthefollowingquestions.　　1.Itwasn"tsuchadesirableairconditioner_______theadvertisementhadledustobelieve.　　A）as　　B）when　　C）what　　D）which　　[答疑编号506494090701：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这不是一台令人满意的空调，没有广告上面宣传得那么好。such…as…是习惯用法，意为“像……一样”，其中as引导定语从句，修饰先行词airconditioner。答案为A。　　2.Thegoal________hehasbeenfightingallhislifedoesnotseemveryimportanttohimnow.　　A）atwhich　　B）forwhich　　C）againstwhich 　　D）inwhich　　[答疑编号506494090702：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】B【答案解析】译文：他毕生为之努力奋斗的目标现在似乎对他没那么重要了。分析句子结构知hehasbeenfightingallhislife修饰thegoal，要用which引导定语从句修饰先行词thegoal，在定语从句中作宾语，又由于fight是不及物动词，后面要接介词，fightfor意为“为争取……而斗争”；fightagainst意为“为反对……而斗争”，显然这里是为了目标而斗争，要用介词for。答案为B。　　3.Thewoman________wegavethecheckhasleft.　　A）whoever　B）towhom　　C）withwhom　　D）whether　　[答疑编号506494090703：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】B【答案解析】译文：我们为之做检查的那位妇女/我们给支票的那妇女的已经离开了。wegavethecheck修饰先行词thewoman，先行词是人，要用who或者whom来引导定语从句，又从句中的gave其实是gavethechecktothewoman的用法，关系代词前面要加介词to，只能用关系代词whom。答案为B。　　4.LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,________obtainingwaterisnottheleast.　　A）ofwhich　　B）forwhat　　C）as　　D）whose　　[答疑编号506494090704：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：居住在澳大利亚沙漠中部也会出现问题，其中获取水资源是最严重的问题。本题逗号前面的句子是一个完整的句子，可以独立存在，后面是一个非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子进行补充。先行词是problems，表示众多问题中的一个，要用介词of。答案为A。　　5.Hestudiedhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,________hascontributedtohissuccessinlaterlife.　　A）what　　B）therefore　　C）which　　D）sothat　　[答疑编号506494090705：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：他小时候在学校学习很用功，这对他后来的成功有很大的帮助。分析句子结构可知本空引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整句话，对前面整句话进行补充，要用which来引导。答案为C。 　　6.Thereisanotherquestion________Ishalldiscussinamoment.　　A）what　　B）aboutwhich　　C）onwhat　　D）which　　[答疑编号506494090706：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这是又一个我马上要讨论的问题。先行词是question，在定语从句中作discuss的宾语，且discuss是及物动词，引导词直接用which即可。答案为D。　　7.WehadadeliciousmealinaFrenchrestaurantlastSunday,______hasslippedoutofmymindnow.　　A）which　　B）whose　　C）thenameofwhich　　D）whosenameofwhich　　[答疑编号506494090707：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：上周日我们在一家法式餐厅美美地吃了一顿，不过那家餐厅的名字我现在想不起来了。分析句子结构知定语从句的先行词是aFrenchrestaurant，在定语从句中作主语，本空引导词可以用whosename/thenameofwhich/whichofthename。答案为C。　　8.Maryisalwaystimidandshy,________isdifficultforustounderstand.　　A）that　　B）it　　C）which　　D）what　　[答疑编号506494090708：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：玛丽总是胆小害羞，这一点我们很难以理解。分析可知本空引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。如果用it的话前面要加上and；what不能指代前面整句话。答案为C。　　9.WilliamShakespeare,whoseplaysareknownallovertheworld________Englishisspoken,wasbornaboutfourhundredandfiftyyearsago.　　A）where　　B）wherever　　C）when　　D）whenever　　[答疑编号506494090709：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：威廉莎士比亚出生于约450年前，他的戏剧在全世界所有说英语的国家知名。本句先行词是theworld，where可以引导定语从句；wherever相当于nomatterwhere，引导状语从句。答案为A。 　　10.Thistestisforstudents_______nativelanguageisnotEnglish.　　A）that　　B）whose　　C）ofwhom　　D）which　　[答疑编号506494090710：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】B【答案解析】译文：这种考试是针对那些母语不是英语的学生。先行词是students，在定语从句中作nativelanguage的定语，要用whose来引导。答案为B。　　11.Hegave________cameintotheroomanewly-publishedtextbook.　　A）who　　B）whom　　C）whoever　　D）that　　[答疑编号506494090711：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：他给每位走进房间的人一本新出版的教科书。分析句子结构可知本空引导宾语从句，且在宾语从句中作主语，可以用who和whoever，但是根据句意可知whoever更符合题意。答案为C。　　12.Theymeetinanoldhouse,________basementhasbeenconvertedintoachapel.　　A）whose　　B）which　　C）whether　　D）what　　[答疑编号506494090712：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：他们在一所老房子里见面，那所老房子的地下室被改造成了一间小教堂。本空引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是anoldhouse，且在定语从句中作basement的定语，要用whose。用which的话应该是whichofthe。答案为A。　　13.Asurveywascarriedoutonthedeathrateofnew-bornbabiesinthatregion,______weresurprising.　　A）asresults　　　　　　B）whichresults　　C）theresultsofit　D）theresultsofwhich　　[答疑编号506494090713：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：这个地区展开了一项关于新生婴儿死亡率的调查，调查结果令人惊讶。且定语从句中缺少主语，A和B显然是错误的；C前面要加and。答案为D。　　14.I"mgoingtospendthewintervacationinShanghai,________Ihavesomerelatives.　　A）because　　B）which　　C）that　　D）where　　[答疑编号506494090714：针对该题提问]  【正确答案】D【答案解析】译文：我打算在上海过寒假，我的一些亲戚在那里。分析句子结构知先行词是Shanghai，在定语从句中作地点状语，要用关系副词where来引导。答案为D。　　15.Thereisonepointon________I"dlikeyouradvice.　　A）when　　B）where　　C）which　　D）that　　[答疑编号506494090715：针对该题提问] 【正确答案】C【答案解析】译文：有一个点我想要你给点建议。先行词是onepoint，在定语从句中作介词on的介词宾语，要用which。答案为C。TipsforEnglishLearningStudyingEnglishwithFriends　　MeetfriendsandstudyEnglishtogether.　　SpeaktoyourfriendsinEnglish.MakeuseofanddevelopyourEnglishvocabulary.Searchoutnewwordsandexpressionsasandwhenyouneedthem.DiscussproblemsyoumaybehavingwithEnglishgrammar.　　Don"tconfinewhatyoudototheclassroom.Anddon"tworryaboutpickingupafewbadhabitsinpronunciation.Thebenefitsofspeakingtogetherregularlywillfaroutweighanydisadvantages.Speakingregularlywillgiveyouconfidenceyouneedinordertoimproveatthefastestpossiblespeed.　　Speakingtogetherisalsoagoodopportunitytoexchangeideasingeneral.ThemoreintellectuallystimulatingyoumakestudyingEnglish,thelessburdensomethelearningwillbe.　　[答疑编号506494090716：针对该题提问] 【参考译文】跟朋友一起学习英语　　与朋友见面并且一起学习英语。　　跟朋友说英语，使用和发展你的英语词汇量。当你们需要用时随时查找生词和短语。讨论可能出现的英语语法问题。　　不要局限于你在课堂上学到的东西，不要担心产生发音错误的坏毛病，经常在一起说英语的益处远远胜过缺点。为了以最快速度提高英语水平，经常说英语会带给你所需要的自信。　　总的来说，一起说英语也是一个交流思想的好机会。你学习英语智力刺激越多，学习的负担就越少。'