GBT2900.52-2000电工术语发电、输电及配电发电.pdf 17页

'ICS29.240K04中华人民共和国国家标准Gs/T2900-52-2000eqvIEC60050(602)门983电工术语发电、输电及配电发电Electrotechnicalterminology-Generation,transmissionanddistributionofelectricity-Generation2000门2一11发布2001门0一01实施国家质董鳌技术监督局发布 GB/T2900.52-2000目次前言·················································································································⋯⋯皿IEC前言········································································。。··················。·············⋯⋯WIEC引言························································。·················。·，·····························⋯⋯N1范围·.............................................................................................................··⋯12发电术语·········································································································⋯⋯12.1电站〔厂]····································································································⋯⋯12.2发电设施和发电设备·............................................................................................32.3电站[厂〕运行······“·····························。····················，·.················.⋯⋯。。..·.....·.⋯⋯6附录A(提示的附录)中文索引························。··································.·..·....·...⋯⋯8附录B(提示的附录)英文索引·············。·············································..·.。。····.........⋯⋯10 GB/T2900-52-2000前言本标准根据国际电工委员会出版物IEC60050(602):1983《发电、输电及配电发电》制定，其中“风力电站”的定义根据IEC60050(415):1999《风力涡轮发电机系统》制定，水轮机部分术语根据GB/T2900.45-1996《电工术语水轮机、蓄能泵和水泵水轮机》制定，在技术内容上与上述标准等效。IEC60050(602):1983由IEC/TC1电工术语委员会制定，是发电、输电及配电系列术语标准中的五个标准之一。根据IEC/TC1工作动态，IEC60050(602):1983目前有效。本标准与下列现行电工术语国家标准相关，在制定过程中尽可能作了协调，涉及标准如下:GB/T2900.45-1996《电工术语水轮机、蓄能泵和水泵水轮机》GB/T2900.46-1983《电工名词术语汽轮机及其附属装置》GB/T2900.48-1983《电工名词术语固定式锅炉》GB/T2900.50-1998《电工术语发电、输电及配电通用术语》上述国标中的术语及其定义与IEC60050(602)有差异时，本标准采用IEC60050(602)制定，但当相关国标采用最新国际标准制定，技术内容正确时，本标准与相关国标协调一致。为了说明本标准中部分术语与相关国标术语的协调关系，本标准在这些术语的定义之后，给出了这些术语在相关现行国标中的标准号及条目编号标注。如果某一术语已被本标准修改，则在标注之前加上“修改”二字。本标准的附录A和附录B都是提示的附录。本标准由原电力工业部提出。本标准由全国电工术语标准化技术委员会归口。本标准负责起草单位:中国电力科学研究院、机械科学研究院本标准主要起草人:许颖、杨芙。 Gs/T2900-52-2000IEC前言1)IEC有关电工技术问题的正式决议或协议，由那些特别关心这些间题的国家委员会参加的技术委员会所制定，它尽可能地反映国际上对这些问题的一致看法。2)它们以推荐的形式供国际上使用，并为各国家委员会所接受。3)为了促进国际上的统一，IEC表达了这样一个愿望:各国家委员会在其本国条件允许的情况下，在各自国家的规定中采用IEC推荐的文本。推荐的文本与相对应的国家规定之间的任何差异，应在其国家规定中明确指出。IEC引言本出版物是关于发电、输电及配电的系列术语标准中的五个标准之一，该系列标准分为下列五章:601—通用术语602—发电术语603—电力系统规划和管理术语604—运行术语605—变电站术语这些章节系1965年出版的IEV25(第二版)的修订版，于1968年开始，由TCl/WG601工作组制定。该工作组的秘书处开始由前苏联国家委员会承担，但1976年以后则由德国国家委员会负责。602章中包含的“发电术语”有意控制在非常有限的领域内。发电设备方面的术语主要是以其功能为基础进行考虑的，仅选择了系统设计和运行人员使用的少量术语。因此，602章仍作为电工技术章节，并尽可能不包括设备结构细节方面的术语。该出版物的第一个草案文件“TC1(IEV602)(秘书处)1156”于198。年2月转发各国家委员会征求意见。在TCl/WG601工作组1980年10月1-3日的巴黎扩大会议之后，第二个草案文件“TCI(IEV602)(中办)1152"于1981年1月按“六月法”提交各国家委员会批准。下列国家委员会投票赞成本出版物:澳大利亚埃及罗马尼亚比利时法国瑞典巴西以色列瑞士加拿大意大利苏联"I捷克斯洛伐克韩国英国美国采用说明:1]此处指前苏联 中华人民共和国国家标准电工术语Gs/T2900.52-2000发电、输电及配电发电eqvIEC60050(602)门983Electrotechnicalterminology-Generation,transmissionanddistributionofelectricity-Generation范围本标准规定了发电、输电及配电领域中的发电术语。2发电术语2.1电站仁厂〕2.1.1电站[r]powerstation;powerplant发电站[厂〕electricalgeneratingstation由建筑物、能量转换设备和全部必要的辅助设备组成的生产电能的工厂。(GB/T2900.50中2.3.1)2.1.2发电M统generationsystem电力系统中的全部发电设备。2.1.3水t发电设施hydroelectricinstallation将水流能量转换成电能的各种工程建筑、机器和装置的组合。2.1.4水电站[T]hydroelectricpowerstation将水流能量转换为电能的电站。2.1.5径流式水电站[/-]run-of-riverpowerstation河水直接流入电站进行发电的水电站，其径流量向水库蓄水时间忽略不计。2.1.6短期调节水电站[l-]pondagepowerstation由径流量向水库蓄水时间最多不超过几个星期的水电站[厂〕。注:特别是在低负荷期间，径流量积聚在水库中，可使水轮机在高负荷期间或随后的数天内能够运行。2.1.7蓄水式水电站reservoirpowerstation由径流量向水库蓄水的时间超过若干星期的水电站。注:通常在水量充足期间的径流量积聚在水库中，以便水轮机在日后的高负荷期间运行。2.1.8潮汐电站tidalpowerstation利用潮汐水位差发电的水电站。2.1.9抽水蓄能pumpedstorage用泵将水提升储存，供水力发电设施发电。2.1.10抽水蓄能电站[厂〕pumpedstoragepowerstation利用上水库和下水库中的水循环进行抽水和发电的水电站。国家质f技术监督局2000一12一11批准2001一，0一0，实施 GB/T2900-52-20002.1.11(水电站L厂」)毛水头grossheadofahydroelectricpowerstation水电站上、下游水位的高程差。(GB/T2900.45中5.2-5)2.1.12(水电站[r])净水头netheadofahydroelectricpowerstation水轮机进口与出口测量断面的总水头差，即水轮机做功用的有效水头。(GB/T2900.45中5.2-6)2.1.13水库有效库容usefulwatercapacityofareservoir水库在正常情况下允许的最低和最高水位之间的容积。2.1.14水库电能能力energycapabilityofareservoir水库有效库容全部供一座或多座电站发电所能产生的电量。2.1.15水库可用库存水fusefulwaterreserveofareservoir在给定时刻，水库在正常允许的最低工作水位以上所储存的水量。2.1.16水库电能储fenergyreserveofareservoir水库可用库存水量全部供电站发电所能产生的电量。2.117水库满度因数reservoirfullnessfactor在给定时刻，水库电能储量与它们的电能能力之比。2.1.18径流fwatercumulativeflows在给定时间内，流过水道中一个给定截面的水的总体积。2.1.19电能能力(水力发电设施的)energycapability(ofoneormorehydroelectricinstallations)在给定时间内，由上游条件修正的径流量在最佳条件下所能产生的电量。2.1.20平均电能能力(水力发电设施的)meanenergycapability(ofoneormorehydroelectricin-stallations)在给定的条件下，多年相同时期内测定的，水力发电设施的电能能力的平均值。2.121电能能力因数(水力发电设施的)energycapabilityfactor(ofoneormorehydroelectricin-stallations)在给定时间内，电能能力与同一时间内的平均电能能力之比。2.1-22热力发电站[r]thermalpowerstation将热能转换成电能的电站〔厂」。注:热能可以从多种能源中获得。2.1-23火力发电站[厂〕conventionalthermalpowerstation由燃煤或碳氢化合物获得热能的热力发电站。2.1.24热电联产combinedheatandpower联合生产电能和热能的生产方式。2.1-25压缩空气储存compressedairstorage将空气压缩、冷却并储存在天然容器中的作业过程2.1.26压缩空气电站compressedairpowerstation装有利用压缩空气的气动涡轮机的电站。2.1.27核电站〔厂〕nuclear(thermal)powerstation由核反应获得热能的热力发电站。2.1.28地热电站geothermalpowerstation利用地壳适当部位抽取热能的热力发电站。2.1-29太阳能电站solarpowerstation直接利用太阳辐射的光生伏打效应或间接利用太阳辐射的热能转换成电能的电站。2.1.30风力电站windpowerstation GB/T2900.52-2000由风力涡轮发电系统组成的电站。(IEC60050中415-01-03)2.1.31磁流体电M[r]magneto-hydro-dynamicthermalpowerstation;MHDpowerstation利用电磁场作用于等离子流发电的热力发电站〔厂〕。2.1.32海水温差电站oceanorseatemperaturegradientpowerstation利用海水表层与深层的温差发电的热力发电站。2.1.33姗料电池fuelcell通过燃料电离和氧化，直接将化学能转换成电能的发生器。2.2发电设施和发电设备2.2.1发电机组generatingset将其他形式的能转换成电能的旋转机组。2.2.2电动机组motorset将电能转换成机械能的旋转机组。2.2.3水轮发电机组hydroelectricset水轮机与发电机连接所组成的发电机组。2.2-4可逆式水轮发电机组reversiblehydroelectricset具有发电和抽水蓄能两种功能的旋转机组。2.2.5坝dam为了特定用途，阻流蓄水的构筑物。2.2.6重力坝gravitydam由混凝土或砌石筑成的靠自重保持稳定的坝。2.2.7拱坝archdam筑成拱形以便将水压的大部分传递到其拱基的一种混凝土坝或砌石坝。2.2.8土坝earthdam整个坝体的一半以上是由夯实的细粒物料构成的堤坝。2.2.9压力管道penstock将水在压力下引人水轮机的管道。2.2.10调压塔surgetank调压井surgeshaft减弱压力管道中水锤效应的敞开式塔〔井〕。2.2.11冲击式水轮机impulseturbine;actionturbine转轮只利用水流动能作功的水轮机。(GB/T2900.45中3.1.15)2.2.12反击式水轮机reactionturbine转轮利用水流的压力能和动能作功的水轮机。(GB/T2900.45中3.1.1)2.2.13水斗式水轮机Peltonturbine贝尔顿水轮机转轮叶片呈斗形，且射流中心线与转轮节圆相切的冲击式水轮机。(GB/T2900.45中3.1.16)2.2.14混流式水轮机Francisturbine轴面水流径向流人、轴向流出转轮的反击式水轮机。(GB/T2900.45中3.1.2)2.2.15轴流转桨式水轮机Kaplanturbine卡普兰式水轮机转轮叶片可与导叶协联调节的轴流式水轮机。(GB/T2900.45中3.工.4)2.2-16灯泡式机组bulbunit发电机置于流道中灯泡体内的贯流式水轮发电机组。(修改GB/T2900.45中3.1.8) GB/T2900.52-20002.2.17轴流定桨式水轮机propellerturbine转轮叶片不可调的(或停机可调的)轴流式水轮机。(GB/T2900.45中3.1.6)2.2.18尾水水库tailwaterreservoir用以调节江河水流和流向下游水电站的水流的水库。2.2.19热力发电单元机组thermalpowerunit一般由锅炉、热力发电机组、变压器和它们的辅助设备组成的整体。2.2.20热力发电机组thermalgeneratingset由热力原动机同发电机相连接组成的发电机组。2.2.21汽轮发电机组turbo-generatorset原动机为汽轮机的热力发电机组。2.2.22内燃发电机组internalcombustionset原动机为内燃机的热力发电机组。2.2.23燃气轮发电机组gasturbineset原动机为燃气轮机的热力发电机组。2.2.24凝汽式机组condensingset汽轮机为凝汽式的汽轮发电机组。2.2.25再热凝汽式机组condensingsetwithreheat具有对汽轮机内经部分膨胀后的蒸汽进行再加热设备的凝汽式机组。2.2.26背压机组back-pressureset汽轮机为背压式的汽轮发电机组。2.2.27主发电机maingenerator将所产生的电能大部分或部分输人电力系统或直接送给用户的发电机。2.2.28r[站〕用发电机auxiliarygenerator向电站辅助设备供电的发电机。2.2.29单元机组辅助设备unitauxiliaries发电单元机组运行必备的一切专用辅助设备。例如:磨煤机、循环泵、引风机等。2.2.30公用辅助设备commonauxiliaries发电单元机组和电站公用的各种辅助设备。例如:照明设备、压缩机等。2.2.31单元机组发电机变压器unitgeneratortransformer机组变压器settransformer与发电机端子相连接，并将发电机发出的电力输送到电力系统的变压器。2.2.32单元机组厂仁站」用变压器auxiliarytransformer(ofaunit)向发电单元机组的辅助设备供电的变压器。2.2.33电站巨r」用变压器auxiliarytransformer(ofapowerstation)向电站的辅助设备供电的变压器。2.2.34电站锅炉utilityboiler将水加热在压力下生成蒸汽，将蒸汽过热，并在某些情况下将蒸汽再加热的一种设施。(修改GB/T2900.48中1.1-5)2.2.35自然循环锅炉naturalcirculationboiler工质依靠锅炉下降管中的水与上升管中汽水混合物之间的密度差进行循环，且水相与蒸汽相在汽包中分离的一种电站锅炉。(修改GB/T2900.48中1.1.19)2.2.36直流锅炉once-throughboiler由水泵供给的水在同一炉管内蒸发和过热的开式回路的一种电站锅炉。(修改GB/T2900.484 GB/T2900-52-2000中1.1.21)2.2.37控制循环锅炉controlledcirculationboiler用水泵来提高水的循环速度的一种自然循环锅炉。(修改GB/T2900.48中1.1.20)2.2.38[39][40]粉状仁气体〕[液体]姗料锅炉pulverisedfuelboiler[gaseousfuelboiler][liquidfuelboiler]为燃烧特定燃料设计的锅炉。2.2-41中M储仓制锅炉bin-and-feedersystemboiler辗磨过的煤粉先经储存，然后送人炉膛燃烧的锅炉。注:在英文资料中，“中间储仓制锅炉”常用词为:"indirectsystemboiler".2.2.42直吹式锅炉directly-firedboiler碾磨过的煤粉直接送人炉膛燃烧的锅炉。2.2-43流化床锅炉fluidised-bedboiler煤粒在燃烧过程中由上升的气流保持悬浮状态的锅炉。2.2-44过热燕汽superheatedsteam温度高于给定压力下饱和温度的燕汽。2.2-45过热器superheater锅炉中将产生的蒸汽进行过热的部件。(修改GB/T2900.48中3.4.1)2.2-46再热器reheater锅炉中将汽轮机高压缸排出的蒸汽再次过热的部件。(修改GB/T2900.48中3.4-8)2.2-47汽轮机steamturbine由蒸汽流体驱动的涡轮机(修改GB/T2900.46中1.1.1)2.2-48凝汽式汽轮机condensingsteamturbine用凝汽器来冷却排出蒸汽的汽轮机。(GB/T2900.46中1.1.4)2.2-49抽汽凝汽式汽轮机condensingsteamturbinewithbleeding抽出部分蒸汽供作发电以外其他用途的凝汽式汽轮机。2.2-50(汽轮机的)汽缸cylinder(ofasteamturbine)汽轮机中装有大部分静止部件的壳体之一。(修改GB/T2900.46中1.3.3)注1在三汽缸汽轮机中，按进汽压力顺序有:高压汽缸、中压汽i1和低压汽缸;2从广义上讲，可将壳体与转子合称为汽缸。2.2-51轴系lineofshafting连接在同一轴上的一组转子所组成的系统。2.2-52单轴系机组tandem-compoundset在一个轴系上只有一台多缸汽轮机和一台发电机组成的机组。2.2-53双轴系机组cross-compoundset由多缸汽轮机的两个不同的轴系各自驱动一台主发电机组成的机组。2.2.54调速器speedgovernor调节汽轮机的进汽阀开度或水轮机的导水叶开度，使转速保持在要求值的装置。(修改GB/T2900.46中1.3.48)2.2.55超速保护装Ioverspeeddevice在汽轮机负荷突降时，关闭进汽阀，以限制转速升高的装置。2.2-56凝汽器condenser在闭合a汽循环中，作为冷f将汽轮机的排汽进行冷凝的热交换器。(修改GB/T2900.46中 GB/T2900-52-20002.1.1)2.2-57冷却堪coolingtower在闭路循环中，将凝汽器的冷却水用空气进行降温的热交换器。2.2-58千式冷却塔drycoolingtower凝汽器的冷却水不直接同空气接触的冷却塔。2.2-59M式冷却堪wetcoolingtower凝汽器的冷却水直接同空气接触的冷却塔。2.2-60强制通风冷却塔forceddraughtcoolingtower由外力强制增大空气流量的冷却塔。2.3电站〔厂」运行2.3.1热It发电机组的冷态起动coldstart-upofathermalgeneratingset发电机组长期停机之后，将其升速，并人电力系统，加负荷的过程。2.3.2热力发电机组的热态起动hotstart-upofathermalgerneratingset发电机组短期停机之后，汽轮机的热状态尚无较大变化时，将其升速，并人电力系统，加负荷的过程。2.3.3单元机组的最低安全翰出功率[出力〕minimumsafeoutputoftheunit维持发电单元机组连续发电而不致使其任何一个组成部分有受损危险的机组最低功率。2.3.4机组总输出功率[出力]grossoutputofaset机组的主发电机及辅助发电机的端子处发出的电功率之和。2.3.5电站的总输出功率仁出力〕grossoutputofapowerstation电站的各主发电机及辅助发电机的端子处发出的电功率之和。2.3.6机组的净输出功率〔出力〕netoutputofaset机组的总输出功率减去有关辅助设备的消耗。2.3-7电站[r〕的净输出功率[出力]netoutputofapowerstation电站〔厂」的总翰出功率减去有关辅助设备消耗和有关变压器的损耗。2.18[9]单元机组[电站]的最大容fmaximumcapacityofaunit[ofapowerstation]发电单元机组[电站〕所有组成部分处于正常工作状态时，在连续运行中可能发出的最大功率。注:此功率可以是总输出功率，也可以是净翰出功率。2.3-10过载容foverloadcapacity机组在短时间内能够承受的最大容量。2.3.11[12〕单元机组[电站〕的可用容favailablecapacityofaunit[ofapowerstation]在实际条件下，发电单元机组[电站〕可以连续发出的最大功率。注:此功率可以是总出力，也可以是净出力2.3.13电力系统功率需fpowerdemandfromthesystem为了满足需要必须向系统供给的功率。2.3.14电力系统的备用容]areservepowerofasystem总可用容量与系统功率需量之差。2.3.15电力系统的动态备用容fspinningreserveofasystem接人电力系统可运行的全部发电机组的总可用容量与它们的实际负荷之差。2.3-16电力系统热备用容fhotstand-by随时可以起动，能迅速并人电力系统的备用发电机组的总可用容量。2.3-17电力系统冷备用容fcoldreserve Gs/T2900.52-2000需要若干小时才能启动的备用发电机组的总可用容量。2.3.18即逝能funavoidableenergy若不立即将其转换成电能，则将浪费的一次能量。例如，河流的能量。2.3.19[20〕单元机组的总[净〕平均热耗率gross[net]averageheatrateofaunit在给定时期内，发电单元机组耗用燃料的热能与该装置同期内发出的总仁净〕电能之比。2.121[22〕单元机组总[净〕热效率gross[net]thermalefficiencyofaunit在给定时期内，发电单元机组发出的总[净〕电能与该装置同期内耗用燃料的热能在同一量纲下之比。2.3.23单元机组的经济负荷economicalloadofaunit对应于热耗率与负荷关系曲线最低点的负荷。2.3.24单元机组装t的负荷因数loadfactorofaunit在给定时期内，发电单元机组发出的电能与该单元机组在同一时期内以最大容量运行所产生的电能之比。2.3.25[26〕单套[多毒〕单元机组的最大容f利用小时utilisationperiodatmaximumcapacityofoneunit[moreunits]在给定时间内，单套[多套〕发电单元机组发出的电能除以相应的最大容量之所得的商。2.3.27单元机组的最大容f利用因数utilisationfactorofthemaximumcapacityofaunit在给定时间内，发电单元机组发出的电能与该单元机组在同一时期内一直以最大容量运行所应产生的电能之比。2.3.28单元机组的肠离isolationofaunit将发电单元机组从系统断开.能维持对其自身辅助设备供电的紧急措施。 Gs/T2900.52-2000附录A(提示的附录)中文索引电力系统的动态备用容f.....................2.3.15电力系统功率Of..............................2.3-13坝Z门﹄卜声︺‘电力系统冷备用容f...........................2.3.17月.内贝尔顿水轮机·····························。⋯⋯2.2.J电力系统热备用容f...........................2.3-16门C背压机组····································⋯⋯2.2艺U电能能力(水力发电设施的)············⋯⋯2.1.19电能能力因数(水力发电设施的》·····⋯⋯2.1.21电站〔厂」········。···························⋯⋯2.1.1勺几只电站「厂]的净输出功率「出力]··········一2.3.7厂「站〕用发电机···························⋯⋯2.2‘目﹄‘超速保护装里···。··························⋯⋯2.2Jd电站C厂」用变压器·····。·················⋯⋯2.2-33nX电站的可用容f.................................2.3.12潮汐电站···。································⋯⋯2..划电站的总输出功率〔出力I·············。。⋯⋯2.3.5冲击式水轮机·····························，⋯⋯2.2门1抽汽凝汽式汽轮机·················。······⋯⋯2.2-4199电站的最大容f··················。········⋯⋯2.3.9抽水蓄能················。···················⋯⋯2电站锅炉···································⋯⋯2.2-34n10J抽水蓄能电站[厂}··⋯⋯’。“““““””””’L13短期调节水电站〔厂」····················⋯⋯2.1.6门磁流体电站「厂1.................................乙多套单元机组的最大容f利用小时···⋯⋯2.3-26单套单元机组的最大容.利用小时···⋯⋯2.3-25发电机组······································一2.2，单元机组厂〔站7用变压器···············⋯⋯2.2-32发电系统····································⋯⋯2.1.2单元机组的隔离···························⋯⋯2.3.28发电站「厂〕·································⋯⋯2.1.1单元机组的经济负荷·················。···⋯⋯2.3.23反击式水轮机·····················‘········⋯⋯2.2-12单元机组的净平均热耗率···········。···⋯⋯2.120粉状燃料锅炉······························⋯⋯2.2-38单元机组的可用容f...........................2.3门1风力电站····································⋯⋯2门.30单元机组的总平均热耗率········，······⋯⋯2.3.19单元机组的最大容f利用因数·········⋯⋯2.127单元机组的最低安全输出功率[出力]⋯⋯2.3.3干式冷却塔·································⋯⋯2.2-58单元机组发电机变压器··················⋯⋯2.2-31拱坝··········································⋯⋯2.2.7单元机组辅助设备························⋯⋯2.2.29公用辅助设备······························⋯⋯2.2-30单元机组净热效率························⋯⋯2.3.22过热器·······································⋯⋯2.2-45单元机组率的最大容f··················⋯⋯2.3.8过热蒸汽····································⋯⋯2.2-44单元机组装置的负荷因数···············⋯⋯2.3-24过载容，····································⋯⋯2.3-10单元机组总热效率·············。··········⋯⋯2.3-21单轴系机组.......................................2.2-52灯泡式机组·························。·······⋯⋯2.2-16海水温差电站······4············⋯⋯2.1.32地热电站····································⋯⋯2.1-28核电站[厂]·············。··。················⋯⋯2门-27电动机组····································⋯⋯2.2.2混流式水轮机·...................................2.2-14电力系统的备用容f...........................2.3.14火力发电站「厂].··························⋯⋯2门23R Ga/T2900-52-2000双轴系机组············。···。················⋯⋯2.2.53J水电站仁厂口······················。·········⋯⋯2.1.4即逝能f..........................................2.3-18(水电站[厂])净水头·····················⋯⋯2.1.12机组变压器·································⋯⋯2.2.31(水电站仁厂」)毛水头·····················⋯⋯2.1.11机组的净输出功率[出力口···············⋯⋯2.16水斗式水轮机··················。···········⋯⋯2.2.13机组总输出功率[出力」··················⋯⋯2.3.4水库电能储f....................................2.1.16径流f.............................................2门.18水库电能能力··························。···⋯⋯2.1.14径流式水电站仁厂」························⋯⋯2.1.5水库可用库存水f..............................2门门5水库满度因数······························⋯⋯2.1门7K水库有效库容······························⋯⋯2.1.13卡普兰式水轮机···。·······················⋯⋯2.2门5水力发电设施·...................................2.1.3可逆式水轮发电机组···。·················⋯⋯2.2-4水轮发电机组······························⋯⋯2.2.3控制循环锅炉································。⋯2.2.37L八八太阳能电站······························。··⋯⋯2乙，反月冷却塔·········································。⋯2.2-57J马调速器·······································⋯⋯2.2闷卜流化床锅炉·································⋯⋯2.2-43.es曰调压井·······································⋯⋯2.2j月l日N调压塔···············。············‘··········⋯⋯2.2.﹄八0土坝··········。·································一2，内嫩发电机组······························⋯⋯2.2-22凝汽器·······································⋯⋯2.2-56凝汽式机组·································⋯⋯2.2-24尾水水库····································⋯⋯2.2.18凝汽式汽轮机···········。··················⋯⋯2.2.招P蓄水式水电站平均电能能力(水力发电设施的)······⋯⋯2.1.20Q汽轮发电机组······························⋯⋯2.2.21压力管道·.........................................2.2.9汽轮机·······································⋯⋯2.2-47压缩空气储存··。···························⋯⋯2.1.25(汽轮机的)汽缸···························⋯⋯2.2.50压缩空气电站······························⋯⋯2.1-26强制通风冷却塔···························⋯⋯2.2.60液体燃料锅炉········。·····················⋯⋯2.2-40气体燃料锅炉······························⋯⋯2.2.39R再热凝汽式机组···························。··⋯2.2.25燃料电池····································⋯⋯2.1.33再热器·······································⋯⋯2.2.46燃气轮发电机组···························⋯⋯2.2-23直吹式锅炉·································⋯⋯2.2-42热电联产··。·································⋯⋯2门.24直流锅炉··········。·························⋯⋯2.2.36热力发电单元机组····················。···⋯⋯2.2.19中间储仓制锅炉···························⋯⋯2.2.41热力发电机组················。·············⋯⋯2.2.20重力坝.............................................2.2.6热力发电机组的冷态起动···············⋯⋯2.3.1轴流定桨式水轮机························⋯⋯2.2门了热力发电机组的热态起动···············⋯⋯2.3.2轴流转桨式水轮机·········。·。············⋯⋯2.2门5热力发电站「厂]···························⋯⋯2.1-22轴系·...............................................2.2.51s主发电机····································⋯⋯2.2-27湿式冷却塔································⋯⋯2.2.59自然循环锅炉·...................................2.2.35 GB/T2900.52-2000附录B(提示的附录)英文索引actionturbine································································································⋯⋯2.2.11archdam························。。········································。。。·································⋯⋯2.2.7auxiliarygenerator................................................................................................2.2.28auxiliarytransformer(ofapowerstation)···················。······························。·········⋯⋯2.2.33auxiliarytransformer(ofaunit)······················································。。·······。·。······⋯⋯2.2.32availablecapacityofapowerstation······“················。·········································⋯⋯2.3.12availablecapacityofaunit....................................................................................2.3.11back-pressureset................................................................................................2.2.26bin-and-feedersystemboiler··········································································⋯⋯2.2.41bulbunit··················.........................................................................................2.2.16coldreserve·········.·······································，················································⋯⋯2.3.17二月J.coldstart-upofathermalgeneratingset································。······························⋯⋯2.‘.，月。qcombinedheatandpower··。···························································。··················⋯⋯2.1﹄勺ncommonauxiliaries.............................................................................................2.2。JIJ，工卜compressedairpowerstation········。··································································⋯⋯2.1。‘U，二compressedairstorage··················。·································································⋯⋯2.1。‘J‘Ccondenser............................................................................................................2.2。JUO反condensingsetwithreheat····。·········································································⋯⋯2.2。‘Jd八孟condensingset·····················································。··········································⋯⋯2.2。乙叼月︹﹃﹃condensingsteamturbinewithbleeding····················。·········································⋯⋯2.2。︸月八﹃Ocondensingsteamturbine······。······。·····························································。。···⋯⋯2.2.qlcontrolledcirculationboiler··。···········。·······························································⋯⋯2.2。J，lconventionalthermalpowerstation·······································，··························。。。⋯⋯2.1。JJ亡，Jrcoolingtower·························································。·····················⋯⋯，!’········，··⋯2.2。.反Icross-compoundset.............................................................................................2.2。JJ亡︸I卜﹂Ucylinder(ofasteamturbine)....................................................................................2.2dam·····················。··························································。··················。·。······⋯⋯2.2.5directly-firedboiler.............................................................................................2.2.42drycoolingtower···。····················································································。·⋯⋯2.2.5810 GB/T2900.52一-2000一earthdameconomicalloadofaunitelectricalgeneratingstation·······························································。··············⋯⋯2energycapabilityfactor(ofoneormorehydroelectricinstallations)。··························⋯⋯2.1.21energycapability(ofoneormorehydroelectricinstallations)·····················。··············⋯⋯2.1.19energycapabilityofareservoir··································································。···⋯⋯2.，.14energyreserveofareservoir·······················································。···················⋯⋯2.1门6fluidised-bedboiler·······················，·····⋯⋯，··················································⋯⋯2.2.43forceddraughtcoolingtower。·。·······⋯⋯”·······················································⋯⋯2.2.60Francisturbine...................................................................................................2.2.14fuelcell······································································································。⋯2.1.33gasturbineset·····························································································⋯⋯2.2.23gaseousfuelboiler·······················································································⋯⋯2.2.39generatingset································································································一2.2.1generationsystem······························································································一2门.2geothermalpowerstation······················。··························································⋯⋯2.1.28gravitydam·····。···············。·············································································⋯⋯2.2.6grossaverageheatrateofaunit······································。·································⋯⋯2.3.19grossheadofahydroelectricpowerstation·························································⋯⋯2门.11grossoutputofapowerstation·····················································。·············。··。。··。⋯⋯2.3.5grossoutputofaset·······················································································⋯⋯2.3.4grossthermalefficiencyofaunit··················。。·················································⋯⋯2.3.21hotstand-by································································································⋯⋯2.3.16hotstart-upofathermalgerneratingset··········································。············。·······⋯⋯2.3.2hydroelectricinstallation·······························。···············································。·⋯⋯2.1.3hydroelectricpowerstation·················································································⋯⋯2.1.4hydroelectricset····························································。··················。·············⋯⋯2.2.3impulseturbine...................................................................................................2.2.112internalcombustionset································。············。······································⋯⋯2.228isolationofaunit·················································································。········⋯⋯2.3Kaplanturbine···············································································。·············⋯⋯2.2.15 Gs/T2900.52-2000lineofshafting...................................................................................................2.2.51liquidfuelboiler··········。···············································································⋯⋯2.2.40loadfactorofaunit·························································。·。···························⋯⋯2.3.24Mmagneto-hydro-dynamicthermalpowerstation········································。·············⋯⋯2.1.31maingenerator···························。。································································⋯⋯2.2.27maximumcapacityofapowerstation···············。··············。···········。·······················⋯⋯2.3.9maximumcapacityofaunit....................................................................................2.3.8meanenergycapability(ofoneormorehydroelectricinstallations)··。。·······················⋯⋯2.1.20MADpowerstation·······················。·······························································⋯⋯2.1.31minimumsafeoutputoftheunit·················，······················································⋯⋯2.3.3motorset············································。。·。··········。。·············，····························⋯⋯2.2.2naturalcirculationboiler·················································································⋯⋯2.2.35netaverageheatrateofaunit·································································。·········⋯⋯2.3.20netheadofahydroelectricpowerstation·····························································一2.1.12netoutputofapowerstation·····。···········。·。························、·································⋯⋯2.3.7netoutputofaset··························································································⋯⋯2.3.6netthermalefficiencyofaunit·························································。··············⋯⋯2.3.22nuclear(thermal)powerstation······························。·········································⋯⋯2.1.27n勺魂‘oceanorseatemperaturegradientpowerstation口q叹JUonce-throughboiler‘1~l1Uoverloadcapacity1﹄反J﹂overspeeddevice···········.。。。········..·..·.·..⋯⋯Peltonturbine·······························。··。·····························································⋯⋯2.2-13penstock·········································································································⋯⋯2.2.9pondagepowerstation·······························································。·······················⋯⋯2.1.6powerdemandfromthesystem········································································⋯⋯2.3门3powerplant···。·····················································。·········································⋯⋯2.1.1powerstation·······················。········································································⋯⋯2门门propellerturbine·············。······················································。········，············⋯⋯2.2.17pulverisedfuelboiler······················，·····································。···········。··············⋯⋯2.2.38pumpedstoragepowerstation·····························，············、································⋯⋯2.1.10pumpedstorage··················。············································································。。··⋯2.1.9t2 Gs/T2900.52-2000月八.艺reactionturbine············································································⋯⋯”····”·⋯⋯2.2.月六‘﹃︺reheater·······························································································“····“·⋯2.2月月reservepowerofasystem··································································⋯⋯““·⋯⋯2.3..﹃月﹃了.reservoirfullnessfactor··········”······“······························································一2.1.，了reservoirpowerstation·····················································································一2.1.月reversiblehydroelectricset···，.············································································”·⋯2.2叼.5run-of-riverpowerstation················································································⋯⋯2.131settransformer············································。···············································⋯⋯2.229solarpowerstation··························································································⋯⋯2飞54speedgovernor····························································································⋯⋯2.2巧spinningreserveofasystem············································”···············。········⋯⋯2.347steamturbine········································································⋯⋯:···············⋯⋯2.24superheatedsteam·························································································⋯⋯2.245superheater···································································································⋯⋯2.210surgeshaft··············································，············，.···································⋯⋯2.210surgetank····························································”····································⋯⋯2.2T月0.目tailwaterreservoir·······················································································⋯⋯2.2..‘月tandem-compoundset····················································································⋯⋯2.2.J乙弓nL曰thermalgeneratingset····················································································⋯⋯2.2…︸n门thermalpowerstation·····················”·········”·················································⋯⋯2.1乙艺月O.Jthermalpowerunit······················································································⋯⋯2.2.jQltidalpowerstation...............................................................................................2..UO‘L.turbogeneratorset·············································”·············，.·”·······················⋯⋯2.2.Uunavoidableenergy··········································································⋯⋯‘········⋯⋯2.3.18unitauxiliaries·····························································································⋯⋯2.2.29unitgeneratortransformer··············································································“·⋯2.2.31usefulwatercapacityofareservoir··································································⋯⋯2门.13usefulwaterreserveofareservoir····································································⋯⋯2.1.15utilisationfactorofthemaximumcapacityofaunit...................................................2.3.27utilisationperiodatmaximumcapacityofmoreunits·············································⋯⋯2.3.26utilisationperiodatmaximumcapacityofoneunit················································。·⋯2.3.25utilityboiler·······························································。································。⋯2.2.34Wwatercum川at加eflows·····································。··············································⋯⋯2门.18wetcoolingtower·········，.··············································································⋯⋯2.2.59windpowerstation························································································⋯⋯2.1.30'