从功能对等看英语广告的翻译毕业论文.doc 8页

'从功能对等看英语广告的翻译毕业论文Contents（空一行）中文摘要……………………………………………………………...………………………..iAbstract…………………………………………………………………………………….…...iiAcknowledgements……………………..……………………………………………………...iiiIntroduction………………………………………………………………….…………….……1页码对齐英文状态下的句点第一级编号I.ABriefReviewofFunctionalEquivalence…………………………………………….…….2A.DefinitionofFunctionalEquivalence…………………………………………….…...3B.DifferentFunctions………...…………………………………………………………..4第二级编号C.AimsandTargets……………………..…………………………………………..…..5II.ABriefReviewofAdvertisementTranslationfromEnglishtoChinese………………........6A.TargetsandPrinciplesofAdvertisementTranslation…..……….……………………..7B.RequirementsforAdvertisementTranslation……..……………………………….…..9C.CulturalElementsinAdvertisementTranslation………………………………….….11III.AdvertisementTranslationfromEnglishtoChineseinLightofFunctional标题内容不能超出页码长度Equivalence…………………………………………………………………………….…13A.TheDifferencesBetweenTwoLanguages………………….……………………..….15B.FunctionalEquivalenceinEnglishAdvertisementTranslation….……………….…..17Conclusion……………………………………………….………..……………………….….19Notes…………………………………………………………………………………….........20Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………….….22 四号，加粗，居中OnAdvertisementTranslationfromEnglishtoChineseinLightofFunctionalEquivalence（空一行）四号，加粗，居中Introduction（空一行）注释用上标，文末用尾注形式标注各段首行空5字符，有特殊格式要求的语种（如德语）除外Inourdailylife,wealwaysseeorhearmanyadvertisementsontheradio,billboards,magazines,newspaperandsoon.Thetranslationofadvertisementplaysanimportantroleintheculturalexchangesofdifferentcountries.AfterenteringWTO,Chinahasbeenfacedwithfiercercompetition,sotheadvertisementhasbecomemoreandmoreimportantforitisalwaysusedasthewaytopromotethesalesofgoods.Theexcellentadvertisementisnotonlyunderstandableforeveryone,butalsohasanelegantstyle.Itcaneasilyencouragepeopletobuythegoods.Therefore,agoodtranslationofanadvertisementisalsoimportanttopromotethesalesofthegoodsinthecountryofthetargetlanguage.MosttranslatorsmaybefamiliarwiththetheoryoffunctionalequivalencewhichissystematicallyillustratedbyEugeneA.Nida.Itisstatedprimarilyintermsofacomparisonofthewayinwhichtheoriginalreceptorsunderstoodandappreciatedthetextandthewayinwhichreceptorsofthetranslatedtextunderstandandappreciatethetranslatedtext.1Thatistosay,theadequacyoftranslationsisjudgedonthebasisofthecorrespondenceinlexiconandgrammarbetweenthesourceandtargetlanguages.Functionalequivalenceisapowerfulweaponforinformationexchange.Thetranslationworkwhichfollowstheprinciplesoffunctionalequivalenceismucheasiertounderstand.正文首页不显示页码小四，1.5倍行距，两端对齐However,functionalequivalenceisveryabstracttomostpeople.Inordertomakeitclear,thispaperchoosesadvertisementtranslationtoanalyzeitseveryaspect.DuetothedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese,theadvertisementtranslationfromEnglishtoChineseshouldbeundertakenindifferenttranslationtechniqueswiththeguidanceoffunctionalequivalence. I.ABriefReviewofFunctionalEquivalence每章单独起页，四号，加粗，居中（空一行）ThesimilarityofthethoughtsofhumanbeingsdeterminesthatthesimilaritiesaremorethanthedifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinese.Theequivalenceoflanguagesmakesitpossibletoconvertthesourcelanguageintothetargetlanguage.However,theconvertisnotjustaprocesstotranslatethewordsfromonelanguagetoanotherlanguage.Translationshouldbeatasktorecurtheinformationoftheoriginalworkinamostnaturalway.Thatistosay,translationshouldrebuildthesurficialformsoftheoriginalinformation,converttheviewsofexpressionandreplacethemeaningoftheoriginalworkwiththemeaningofthetranslatedwork.Therefore,equivalenceisthemostimportantbasisfortranslation.Thetranslatedworkcanbeofhigherqualityifitachievesmoreequivalencewiththeoriginalwork.Functionalequivalenceisoriginallytermedasdynamicequivalence,whichistobedefinedbythedegreewherethereceptorofthesourcelanguagemessageshouldrespondinsubstantiallythesamewayasthetargetlanguagereceptortothetranslatedversion.Itisveryimportanttoallkindsoftranslation.ThereasonisthatEnglishandChinesehavemanydifferencesintheirforms,grammars,sentencestructuresandsoon.Therefore,intheprocessoftranslation,toconveytheinformationoftheoriginalworkisthefocusandthemostdifficultpart.Afterall,thereceptorsofthetranslatedworkexpecttoknowthecontentoftheoriginalwork.Functionalequivalencealsoemphasizestheculturalelements.Ifatranslatedworkdoesnotreflecttheculturalelementsoftheoriginalwork,itmustbeafailure.Therefore,thetranslatorshouldbebilingualandbicultural.正文页码从第二页开始打印（首页不显示），采用“页面底端居中”的格式Nidaalwaysholdsaviewthatsyntaxandlexemearethebiggestbarriersforthetranslators.2ThetranslatorsdevotedtoEnglish-Chinesetranslationmayagreewithhim.MostofthemhavelearnedEnglishthroughthegrammar,sotheirtranslationconceptisoftenaffectedbythegrammarandsentencestructure.Functionalequivalenceisapowerfulweaponforthetranslatorstoovercomethesebarriers.Functionalequivalencecanfallintothreeparts.First,thewordclassesreplacethetraditionalpartsofspeechtodescribethesemanticrelations7 ofthewords.Second,theconceptofkernelsentenceandtheconceptofsentencetransformationcanovercometherestrictionofsyntaxtoatranslator.Third,isomorphismcanovercomethebarrierscausedbythesocialandculturaldifferences.3章内标题左起顶格，前后各空一行，四号，加粗通过阐释、描述或转述的方式间接引用别人的观点，不用引号，在间接引用结束后用数字编序的方式进行注解（空一行）A.DefinitionofFunctionalEquivalence（空一行）直接引用不超过4行（含4行）的短引文，用引号引所用文字，如引文未间断，引号前不加标点Amaximal,idealdefinitioncouldbestatedas“Thereadersofatranslatedtextshouldbeabletounderstandandappreciateitinessentiallythesamemannerastheoriginalreadersdid.”4直接短引文若被断开，则前后用逗号隔开Aminimal,realisticdefinitionoffunctionalequivalencecouldbestatedas“Thereadersofatranslatedtextshouldbeabletocomprehendittothepointthattheycanconceiveofhowtheoriginalreadersofthetextmusthaveunderstoodandappreciateit.”5“Poets,”accordingtoShelley,“aretheunacknowledgedlegislatorsoftheworld.”6长引文时用冒号分隔，上下各空一行Inthe1950s,forexample,whileEllingtonwasstillalive,RaymondHorrickscomparedhimwithRavel,Delius,andDebussy:（空一行）只有一段的长引文，左边空10字符，不用引号左边空10字符ThecontinuallyenquiringmindofEllington…hassoughttoextendsteadilytheimaginativeboundariesofthemusicalformonwhichitsubsists….Ellingtonsincethemid-1930shasbeenengageduponextendingboththeimageryandtheformalconstructionofwrittenjazz.6（空一行）Ellington’searliestattempttomovebeyondthethree-minutelimitreceived…2段以上长引文，每段首行空13字符左边空10字符Figuresinliteratureareeitherflatcharacters（onedimensionalfigures,figureswithsimplepersonalities）orroundcharacters（complexfigures）.ThecharactersdescribedinthefirstchapterofTheGreatGatsbycanwellberegardedasflat:空13字符（空一行）Ineversawthisgreat-uncle,butI’msupposedtolooklikehim----withspecialreferencetotheratherhard-boiledpaintingthathangsinfather’soffice.IgraduatedfromNewHavenin1915,justaquarterofacenturyaftermy7 father,andalittlelaterIparticipatedinthatdelayedTeutonicmigrationknownastheGreatWar.7（空一行）However,F.ScottFitzgeraldsucceedsinchangingtheseflatfiguresintoroundonesthroughhismaster-handwritingskillsandin-depthcharacterization.B.DifferentFunctionsThetheoryoffunctionalequivalenceinvolvesninefunctions:expressive,cognitive,interpersonal,informative……7 每章单独起页，四号，加粗，居中Conclusion（空一行）Withtherapiddevelopmentoftheinternationaltrade,advertisementhasbecomeanindispensablepartinourlife.Tosomeextent,ithasbecomeourguideintheaspectofconsuming.Nodoubt,wearenowlivingintheageofadvertisement.Therefore,totranslateagoodandeffectiveadvertisementisincreasinglyimportantforattractingthepotentialcustomersandpromotingthesaleoftheproductsintheinternationalmarket.SinceChineseandEnglisharetwoquitedifferentlanguages,thetranslationfromEnglishtoChineseisnotaneasytask.Thetranslatorshouldlearnwelltheculturalandsocialbackgroundoftheoriginalwork,thedifferencesoftheirsentencestructuresandalsotheirhabitsofexpression.Althoughtherearesomanydifferencesbetweenthetwolanguages,thefunctionsofallthelanguagesarethesame.Thatistonametherealityandtocommunicativewiththepeople.ItisjustthebasisforthetranslationfromEnglishtoChinese.…,…Througharelativethoroughanalysisoffunctionalequivalenceandadvertisementtranslation,thereadersoftheessaymayhaveaclearunderstandingofthedetailsandaspectsofadvertisementtranslation.Thereadersmayappreciatetheadvantagesoffunctionalequivalenceintheprocessofadvertisementtranslation.Functionalequivalencehelpsthetranslatorsovercomethebarrieroftranslation.Thatistheformsandstructuresofthelanguageoftheoriginalwork.Advertisementtranslationhasitsspecialaims.Itisnotonlyforinformationexchange,butalsoforencouragingthecustomerstobuytheproducts.Thisistheultimateaimofadvertisementtranslation.Therefore,thetranslatorsshouldnotonlyexpresstheaccuratemeaningoftheoriginalwork,butalsopayattentiontothedictionofwordsandtheculturalelements.Thetranslationworkwillfailtorealizeitsaimsifitneglectstheculturalelementssuchasthetradition,customsandhabitsofthetargetcountry.Theanalysisoftheseaspectsinthisessaymaygivethereadersalittleenlightenment.7 尾注用上标形式，数字后空1字符尾注，单独起页，四号，加粗，居中Notes1EugeneANida,Language,CultureandTranslating(Shanghai:ShanghaiForeignLanguageEducationPress,1993),116.尾注以全文为单位拉通编序，序号应该与正文中注释的最初编号一致。2转引自叶子南著，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》，北京：清华大学出版社，2001年，第164页。尾注中作者的编排方式采用名前姓后（FirstNameFirst）的原则3叶子南,第164页。4EugeneA.Nida,117.英文注释与上一注释同书不同页5Ibid.,118.……11EugeneA.Nida,TowardaScienceofTranslating(Leiden:E.J.Brill,1964),166.12LarryA.Samovar,RichardE.PorterandLisaA.Stefani.CommunicationbetweenCultures(Beijing:ForeignLanguageTeachingandResearchPress,2000),60.中文注释与上一注释同书不同页13转引自靳涵身编著,《诗型广告翻译研究》，成都：四川大学出版社，2004年,第228页。尾注中汉语注释的格式14靳涵身,第229页。15靳涵身,第228页。16靳涵身,第228页。尾注中书名用斜体17贾德江,《英汉语对比研究与翻译》，长沙：国防科技大学出版社，2002年，第117页。18转引自贾德江,《英汉语对比研究与翻译》，长沙：国防科技大学出版社，2002年，第130页。19EugeneA.Nida,Translation:ApplicationsandResearch(NewYork:GardnerPress,1976),48.尾注行文采用首行缩进的方式，每一注释首行缩进5字符。20Ibid.,50.7 参考文献单独起页，四号，加粗，居中，每篇论文不得少于4本（部、篇）按英文首字母顺序拉通编序Bibliography（空一行）出版信息不用括号Davis,NicolasE.,andGregoryCrane,ed.ThePrintingPressasanAgentofChange.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1979.（空1行）参考书目的行文采用悬挂缩进的方式，每一书目悬挂缩进5字符。不同参考书目之间空1行http://www.eng.fju.edu.tw/Literary_Criticism/new_criticism/期刊文章附起止页码Powell,WelterW..“TheHealth-ScienceInformationStruggle:ThePrivateInformationIndustryversusTheNationalLibraryofMedicine.”NewEnglandJournalofMedicine307（15July1982）,201-223.各意义单位之间用实心点隔开Shatzkin,Leonard.InColdType:OvercomingtheBookCrisis.Boston:HoughtonMifflin,1982.参考文献析出顺序，先外文后中文Starr,Paul.“TheElectronicReader.”InReadinginthe1980s.Ed.StephenBraubard.NewYork:Bowker,1983.桂诗春、宁春岩主编《语言学方法论》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1997。廖七一“庞德与胡适诗歌翻译的文化思考，”《外国语》2003（6），第54－59页。尤今·奈达著，严久生译《语言文化与翻译》，呼和浩特：内蒙古大学出版，1998。中国对外翻译出版公司《诗词翻译的艺术》，北京：中国对外翻译出版公司，1987。著者为公司或机构时7'