玉米-大豆间作和施氮对红壤旱地作物碳氮吸收的影响.pdf 13页

'中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnEffectofmaize-soybeanintercroppingandnitrogenrateson#cropnitrogenandcarbonuptakeinuplandredsoil11112*5YANGWenting,MIAOJianqun,WANGXiaowei,XUJiancheng,LUMeijuan(1.SchoolofAgriculturalSciences,JiangxiAgriculturalUniversity,Nanchang,330045;2.CollegeofTerritorialResourcesandEnvironment,JiangxiAgriculturalUniversity,Nanchang,330045)Abstract:Theobjectiveofthisresearchwastodeterminetheeffectofcroppingpatterns(monomaize,10monosoybeanandmaize-soybeanintercropping)andnitrogenrates(0,75,150,225,300kg/ha)oncropbiomass,nitrogenandcarbonaccumulationinuplandredsoil.Theresultsshowthat:Comparedwithsolemaize,maizedrymatteryieldandcarbonaccumulationdecreasedwheninintercroppedsoybean.Also,theinteractionbetweenintercroppingandnitrogenrateschangednitrogenaccumulationanddistributionincropgrain,strawandroot.Nitrogenapplicationsignificantlyincreasedmaizedry15matteryield,nitrogenandcarbonaccumulation,butreducedthoseofsoybean.Inaconclusion,corn-soybeanintercroppingandnitrogenratesaffectedthegrowthofcornandsoybeaninuplandredsoil,andchangedtheallocationsofnitrogenandcarbon.Maize-soybeanintercroppingshouldbeaneffectiveandsustainablecroppingsystemforuplandredsoil.Keywords:Agroecology;Nitrogenaccumulation;Carbonaccumulation;Redsoil200IntroductionIntercroppingasatraditionalcroppingsystem,ithasbeenusedformillenniabysmallholderfarmersinAsia,AfricaandLatinAmericatoincreaseyieldsandexploitspeciescomplementarities7(Vandermeer1989;Zomeretal.,2009).InChina,morethan2.8×10haaresownwithintercropping25annually(Zou2002),especiallyinnorthwestChina(Lietal.,2001).IntercroppingalsoisusedinEuropeanorganiccroppingsystems(Hauggaard-Nielsenetal.,2009).Ithasshownagiantpotentialtocontributetomodernandsustainableagriculture(Lithourgidisetal.,2011;Malikietal.,2016).Manyadvantagesofintercroppinghavebeenreported,especiallycereal-legumeintercroppingsystem[8,9](Lietal.,2007a;Betencourtetal.,2012).Themostimportantadvantagemaybeit30significantlyimprovescropyieldcomparedwithsolecropping(Lietal.,2007a;Renetal.,2016).Yieldcomponents(Neugschwandtner&Kaul2014)andyieldperplant(Echarteetal.,2011)aswellasconcentrationsanduptakeofnutrients(Lietal.,2001;Ramirez-Garciaetal.,2015)ofcerealcropsmaybethemainreasonsfortheobservedhigheryieldinintercrops.Highyieldalsomaybeobtainedbyintercroppingthroughanimprovedwaterandradiationcapture(Colletal.,2012).35Improvingcropnutrientuptakeisanothermainadvantageofcereal-legumeintercropping.TheassociationofcerealsandlegumessharingthesamespaceandtimeledtoimprovecropN(Latatietal.,2013;Yangetal.,2013)andPnutrition(Lietal.,2003a;Latatietal.,2014).Nitrogen-fixingFoundations:ResearchFundfortheDoctoralProgramofHigherEducation(No.20133603120005);NationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.31360108)Briefauthorintroduction:Yangwenting(1984-),Male,Assistantprofessor，Agroecologyandsoilecology.E-mail:wtyang@jxau.edu.cn-1- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnlegumesareanimportantresourceforintercroppedcerealswhichbenefitfromnitrogenuptakeandimprovedgrainyield(Betencourtetal.,2012).Thispositiveinteractionhasbeenconfirmedincowpea40(VignaunguiculataL.)-maize(Dahmardehetal.,2010),fababean(ViciafabaL.)-wheat(TriticumaestivumL.)/maizeandsoybean-maizeintercroppingsystems(Zhang&Li,2003;Lietal.,2005).Additionally,interspecificcomplementary,facilitationandcompetitioncouldimproveboththecropsnitrogenandphosphorusuptake(Corre-Hellou&Crozat,2005;Lietal.,2007a),butresearchoncropscarbonuptakeisstilllimitedandafewpublishedincereal-legumeintercroppingsystems(Chapagain&45Riseman2014).Redsoilisthethirdmostimportantsoilsoftheworldcovering13%ofthelandarea(Baligaretal.,622004).Redsoiloccupiesanareaof1.13×10km,accountingfor70%ofthelandinthesouthernChinaand11%ofthetotallandinChina(Lu&Shi2000).Theredsoilregionhashighproductivitypotential(Lietal.,2007b),whichcouldbeakeytoresolvethegrowingconflictbetweenfoodand50population.However,thereisunevendistributionofprecipitationinspace-time,seriouslanddegradation(Yuanetal.,2002),highacidityanddisturbed,lowfertilitysoil(Baligaretal.,2004;Wilsonetal.,2004).Cropyieldsarenotashighasexpectedduetolowsoilfertilitythatislargelyassociatedwithpoorphysicalproperties,suchascompaction,slowinfiltrationrate,highbulkdensity,andunstablesoilaggregates.Nitrogenisavitalfactorforhighyield,buttheredsoilhaslownitrogen55content(Caietal.,1995;Wilsonetal.,2004),whichresultsinexcessivenitrogenfertilizerapplicationbyfarmers.Nitrogenoverusecausesnitrateleaching(Luetal.,1995)andsoilacidification(Guoetal.,2010;Quetal.,2014).Inordertoincreasetheproductivityinredsoil,newandimprovedcroppingsystemsandlowerratesofnitrogenfertilizerareneeded.Corn-soybeanintercropping,asanimportantcereal-legume60intercropping,whichcouldincreasecropyieldandimprovesoilfertilityinuplandredsoil(Zhangetal.,2012;Zhangetal.,2013).Butthereislittleresearchoncropnitrogenandcarbonaccumulation.Thepresentstudywasperformedtoidentifytheefficientofcorn-soybeanintercroppingsystemfornitrogenandcarbonallocationwithdifferentratesofnitrogenapplication.Theaimofthisstudywastoassesscornandsoybeangrowninuplandredsoilasaffectedbycroppingpatternsandnitrogenrateswith65focuson(a)cropdrymatter,(b)cropnitrogenandcarbonaccumulationincorn-soybeanintercroppingsystemsascomparedwithpurestandsofbothcrops.-2- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cn1Materialsandmethods1.1ExperimentaldesignandmanagementTheexperimentwasconductedinJiangxiAgriculturalUniversitySci-techPark,NanchangChina(28°46’N,70115°50’E).Thesoilusedinthisexperimentwascollectedfrom0-20cmlayerattheSci-techPark.Thesoilwasair-dried,visibleplantrootswereremoved,andsievedthrougha1-mmsieve.Thephysicalandchemicalcharacteristicsofthesoilwereasfollows:pH4.10,organicmatter18.24g/kg,totalN1.24g/kg,totalP0.73g/kg,totalK9.27g/kg,availableN90.72mg/kg,OlsenP57.25mg/kg,availableK128.72mg/kg.Plasticpotsusedintheexperimentwere220mminheight,withupperandlowerdiametersof180mmand150mm.Thebottomof75thepotshadthreeholes(diameter10mmeach)withtwolayersnylonnet(diameter0.074mm).Eachpotwasfilledwith4.0kgofsoilattwoweeksbeforeplanting.Theexperimentwasdesignedasarandomizedcompleteblockwithafactorialarrangementwithtwofactorsandfourreplicates.Thetwofactorswerecroppingsystemandnitrogenrate.Thecroppingsystemsincludedmonoculturecorn(MC),monoculturesoybean(MS)andcorn-soybeanintercropping(CS);nitrogenrateswere0,8075,150,225and300kg/ha,(Tab.1).Tab.1Experimentaldesignanddescriptionoftreatments-1TreatmentNitrogenrates（kgha）CroppingpatternsCSN00Corn-soybeanMCN00MonocornCSN175Corn-soybeanMCN175MonocornCSN2150Corn-soybeanMCN2150MonocornCSN3225Corn-soybeanMCN3225MonocornCSN4300Corn-soybeanMCN4300MonocornMS0MonosoybeanTheselectedcorncultivar‘BainuoNo.2’andthesoybeancultivar‘Taiwan292’wereusedintheexperment.85Cornwassowninseedbedon3May2015,andeachsimilarcornseedlingtransplantedintoapoton10May2015,foursoybeanseedsweresownperpotincorn-soybeanintercroppingandmonosoybeanonthesameday.Twosoybeanplantsremainedinintercroppingandmonosoybeanon24May2015.Thecornandsoybeanwere4harvestedon30July2015.Thefertilizerrateineachpotwasbasedoncornplantdensityinalocalfield(6.0×10-3- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnplant/ha),PandKwereappliedat45kg/haand135kg/harespectively.EachpothadthesamePandK,but90differentnitrogenratesaccordingtothetreatments(Tab.2).Basalfertilizerincludedpotassiumchloride1.125-1-1-1g·pot,calciumsuperphosphate6.25g·potineachpot,andurea0,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00g·potunderN0,N1,N2,N3,N4,respectively,wasappliedbeforecornwastransplanted.Thefirsttopdressingfertilizerincludedpotassium-1-1chloride1.125g·potineachpot,andurea0,0.375,0.75,1.125,1.50g·potunderN0,N1,N2,N3,N4,respectively,wasappliedwhencornwasatthecornjointingstage(4June2015).Thesecondtopdressingfertilizer-1-195includedpotassiumchloride1.5g·potineachpot,andurea0,0.625,1.25,1.875,2.50g·potunderN0,N1,N2,N3,N4,respectively,wasappliedatthecorntasselingstage(30June2015).Tab.2PotfertilizerratesMonoMonocornCorn-soybeansoybeanTreatmentsN0N1N2N3N4N0N1N2N3N4Nitrogen0751502253000751502253000-1（kg·ha）Nitrogen01.252.503.755.0001.252.503.755.000-1(g·pot)Urea02.725.438.1510.8602.725.438.1510.860-1(g·pot)Potassiumchloride3.753.753.753.753.753.753.753.753.753.753.75-1(g·pot)Calciumsuperphosphate6.256.256.256.256.256.256.256.256.256.256.25-1(g·pot)1.2Plantsamplingandmeasurement100Plantsampleswereallcollectedatthecropsharvest.Thecornandsoybeanroot,straw(leavesandstem),andgrainwereseparated,driedat105°Cfor30minandthendriedat80°Cfor48hours,dryweightwasrecorded.Driedplantsamplesweremilledto1mmmeshandstoredinsmallbags.Nitrogencontentofplantsamplesweredeterminedbythestandardmacro-KjeldahlprocedureusingaTMKjeltec2300analyzerunit(FossTecatorAB,Hoganas,Sweden).Carboncontentsofplantsamples105weredeterminedbytheWalkley-Blackchromicacidwetoxidationmethod(Dalal1979).Nitrogenor-1carbonaccumulation(g·pot)wasdefinedasthenitrogenorcarboncontentofcropsamples(root,-4- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnstrawandgrain)timestherelativedryweightofthecrop.1.3DataanalysesThestatisticalsignificanceofdifferencesamongtreatmentsweretestedwithANOVA(SPSS19.0,110SPSSInc.,Chicago,IL,USA),Duncantestwasusedtocomparethemeans,differencesatp<0.05levelwereconsideredtobestatisticallysignificant.2Results2.1DrymatteryieldofcornandsoybeanComparedwithmonocornwiththesamenitrogenrate,corninintercroppinghadlowerdrymatter115inrootandstrawatN1,N2andN4,thedrymatteryieldofcornstrawwasalsoobviouslyreducedatN0;intercroppingsignificantlyreducedthecorngrainatN3,butsignificantlyincreasedthecorngrainatN2(Fig.1A).Whateverintercroppingormono,asthenitrogenratesincreasing,thedrymattersyieldofcorn(includingroot,strawandgrain)wereincreased.ButthedrymatteryieldofcornhadnosignificantdifferencebetweenCSN2andCSN3,thehighestdrymatteryieldofcornwasobtainedfrom120MCN4.Intercroppingandnitrogenbothimpactedthedrymatteryieldofsoybean(Fig.1B).ComparedtoMS,thesoybeanstrawandgrainweresignificantlyincreasedinCSN0,butobviouslydecreasedinCSN1andCSN4;thedrymatteryieldsofsoybeanrootweredrasticallyreducedinallcorn-soybeanintercropping(N0,N1,N2,N3,N4).ThedrymatteryieldsofsoybeaninCSN3andCSN4were125significantlylowerthanthatinCSN0.Nitrogenapplicationmightinhibitsoybeanrootgrowthinthecorn-soybeanintercropping.AB120.0a-1)RootStrawGrainab30.0RootStrawGrain100.0b)adc-125.0bc80.0ce20.0c60.0ed15.0e40.0fbafedcdcc10.020.0fbcaCorndrymatter(g.pothg5.0dabbcc.0fggfdedeabcdebcaSoybeandrymatter(g.potCSN0MCN0CSN1MCN1CSN2MCN2CSN3MCN3CSN4MCN40.0acbdedMSCSN0CSN1CSN2CSN3CSN4TreatmentsTreatmentsFig.1Drymatteryieldofcropsunderdifferentcroppingsystemsandnitrogenrates130(Thedifferentsmalllettersinthesamegroup(root,strawandgrain)meanssignificantlydifferentatP<0.05.Barsindicatethestandarderror.Thesamebelow.)2.2NitrogenconcentrationofcornandsoybeanComparedtosolecornwiththesamenitrogenrate,thecorngrainnitrogenconcentrationswere-5- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnsignificantlyincreasedinCSN2andCSN3,thecornstrawnitrogenconcentrationsweresignificantly135increasedinCSN0andCSN4,thecornrootNconcentrationinallintercroppingtreatmentswereimproved,butobviousdifferenceonlyobservedinCSN4(Fig.2A).Inthesamecroppingsystems(soleorintercropping),thehighestnitrogenconcentrationsofcornrootandstrawwereobtainedfromN4,butcorngrainwasobtainedfromN3.ComparetoN0,thenitrogenconcentrationsofcorn(includingroot,strawandgrain)hadnoobviouslyincreasedatN1andN2,butwhichhadsignificantlyincreased140atN4.ComparedtoMS,thenitrogenconcentrationsofrootandstrawwereallsignificantlydecreasedinintercroppingsystemswithnitrogenapplication;thenitrogenconcentrationsofgrainwerealsodecreasedinCSN0andCSN1,butincreasedinCSN3andCSN4(Fig.2B).Nitrogenapplicationsignificantlyinhibitedthenitrogenconcentrationsofsoybeanrootandstrawinintercroppingsystems,145butsignificantlyimprovedthenitrogenconcentrationsofsoybeangrainatN3andN4.)40.0-140.0MSCSN0CSN1CSN2CSN3CSN4a)CSN0MCN0CSN1MCN1CSN2MCN2CSN3MCN3CSN4MCN4-1cddcb35.035.0Aaa30.0B30.0bbb25.025.0ba20.020.0bba15.0c15.0cdbcbbddaadeefefff10.010.0bccdbcbbcbcddebccdbcddbfgefggdef5.05.0Cornnitrogenconcentration(g.kg0.00.0Soybeannitrogenconcetration(g.kgRootStrawGrainRootStrawGrainFig.2Nitrogenconcentrationofcropsunderdifferentcroppingsystemsandnitrogenrates1502.3NitrogenaccumulationofcornandsoybeanComparedtomonocornwiththesamenitrogenrate,thecornrootandstrawnitrogenaccumulationsinintercroppingweresignificantlyreducedatN2level,butwhichwasincreasedatN4;thecorngrainnitrogenaccumulationwassignificantlyincreasedatN2,butdecreasedatN3(Fig.3A).Inthesamecroppingsystems(soleorintercropping),thehighestnitrogenaccumulationsofcorn(root,155strawandgrain)wereobtainedfromN4.ComparedtoN0,thenitrogenaccumulationsofcorn(root,strawandgrain)hadobviouslyincreasedinN2,N3andN4.Whateversoleorintercropping,nitrogenapplicationmarkedlyincreasedthenitrogenaccumulationofcorngrain.ComparedtoMS,allintercroppingsystemsweresignificantlyreducedthesoybeanrootandstrawnitrogenaccumulationexceptthestrawnitrogenaccumulationinCSN2.ComparedtoCSN0,nitrogen160applicationsignificantlyreducedthesoybeanstrawandgrainnitrogenaccumulationinintercropping-6- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnsystems(Fig.3B).ThehighestnitrogenaccumulationofcropabovegroundandrootwasobservedinCSN4,andthelowestwasMCN0amongalltreatments(Fig.3C).Comparedwithmonocornunderthesamenitrogenrate,allintercroppingtreatmentssignificantlyimprovedcropnitrogenaccumulationexcepttheroot165nitrogenaccumulationatN2.ComparedtoCSN0,intercroppingwithnitrogenappliedsignificantlyincreasedcropnitrogenaccumulationexceptCSN1.ThecroprootandabovegroundNaccumulationsinCSN4wereobvioushigherthanthoseinotherintercroppingtreatments,buttherewerenosignificantdifferencebetweenCSN2andCSN3.)1.2BRootStrawGrain-1)1.2Aaa170-11RootStrawGraina1acb0.8b0.8de0.6b0.6cd0.40.4ffab0.2ba0.2ggcdcddbccdeffCornnitrogenaccumulation(g.pot0ggdcddabSoybeannitrogenaccumulation(g.pot0abbcdcfggefe175CSN0MCN0CSN1MCN1CSN2MCN2CSN3MCN3CSN4MCN4MSCSN0CSN1CSN2CSN3CSN4)1.6TreatmentsTreatmentsa-11.5RootAboveground1.41.3Cbb1.2c1.11dede0.90.8f0.7g0.60.5h0.41800.30.2i0.1Nitrogenaccumulation(g.pot0ddfdecccdabMSCSN0MCN0CSN1MCN1CSN2MCN2CSN3MCN3CSN4MCN4TreatmentsFig.3Nitrogenaccumulationofcropsunderdifferentcroppingsystemsandnitrogenrates1852.4CarbonaccumulationofcornandsoybeanComparedtomonocornwiththesamenitrogenrate,thecornrootandstrawcarbonaccumulationsweresignificantlydecreasedatN1,N2andN4;thegrainCaccumulationwassignificantlyincreasedatN2,whichwasdecreasedatN3(Fig.4A).ComparetoN0,whatevermonoorintercroppingcorn,nitrogenapplicationmarkedlyincreasedthecorncarbonaccumulationinallcroppingsystems,but190therewerenoobviousdifferencebetweenCSN2andCSN3.ComparedtoMS,thesoybeancarbonaccumulationunderintercroppingwassignificantly-7- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnincreasedonlyinCSN0,thecarbonaccumulationsofsoybeangrainswereobviouslyreducedwithnitrogenapplication(Fig.4B).ComparedtoCSN0,thesoybeancarbonaccumulationsweresignificantlyreducedinmostintercroppingwithnitrogenapplicationexceptthesoybeanrootcarbon195accumulationinCSN1.Forthecarbonaccumulationofalltreatments,thehighestcropcarbonaccumulationofcropabovegroundwasobtainedfromCSN4andthatofrootwasMCN4,thelowestcropcarbonaccumulationsofabovegroundandrootwerebothobtainedfromMCN0(Fig.4C).Comparedtosolecornwiththesamenitrogenrate,thecropabovegroundcarbonaccumulationwassignificantlyimprovedexceptatN3.200ComparedwithCSN0orMCN0,thecarbonaccumulationsoftreatmentswithnitrogenappliedweresignificantlyincreased.ThecropcarbonaccumulationatN4wasobvioushigherthanothertreatments,butwhichhadnosignificantdifferenceamongCSN2,CSN3andMCN3.)-150.050.0RootStrawGrainaa)BRootStrawGrain-140.0Adcb40.0c30.030.0ee20.020.0aacfabc10.0fdccbbc10.0edegfddcacdaebbcdCorncarbonacculation(g.pot0.0ffeddbSoybeancarbonaccumulation(g.pot0.0baacdcCSN0MCN0CSN1MCN1CSN2MCN2CSN3MCN3CSN4MCN4MSCSN0CSN1CSN2CSN3CSN4TreatmentsTreatments50.0ab)RootAboveground-145.0ccc40.0dC35.030.0ef25.020.0g15.0hh10.0Carbonaccumulation(g.pot5.00.0hghfedbdedecaMSCSN0MCN0CSN1MCN1CSN2MCN2CSN3MCN3CSN4MCN4Treatments205Fig.4Carbonaccumulationofcropsunderdifferentcroppingsystemsandnitrogenrates-8- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cn3Discussion3.1DrymatteryieldofcornandsoybeanComparedwithmonocorn,thecorndrymatteryieldwaslowerinmostofcorn-soybeanintercropping210treatments.Cereal-legumeintercroppingsystemssignificantlyimprovecropyieldcomparedwithsolecropping(Lietal.,2007a;Wangetal.,2015;Renetal.,2016).Butonlyconsideringoncerealcrops,thedrymatteryieldinintercroppingwasdecreased,comparedwithmonocropping(Bedoussac&Justes2010;Montietal.,2016;Renetal.,2016).Inthestudy,thedrymatteryieldofcorngraininintercroppedatN2(150kg/ha)washigherthanmonocorn,buttheyieldsofcornstrawandroothad215theoppositeresults.Similarlyresultwasreportedinmaize-fababeanintercroppingsystem(Lietal.,2011).Itmightbetheinterspecificcompetitionbetweentheintercroppedcropsandnitrogenrateschangedtheresourceallocationindifferentpartsofcorn(Shapiro&Wortmann,2006;Lietal.,2011).Nitrogenapplicationincreasedthedrymattersofcornatallratesofnitrogenapplication,thesimilarresultswerereportedinwheat-pea(PisumsativumL.)intercropping(Bedoussac&Justes2010)and220maize-fababeanintercroppingsystems(Lietal.,2011).Intercroppingsignificantlyreducedthedrymatterofsoybeanrootwithnitrogenapplied.Withoutnitrogenapplied,intercroppingimprovedthedrymatterofsoybeanstrawandgrain.Nitrogenapplicationmightinhibitsoybeangrowthinthecorn-soybeanintercropping.Abovegroundbiomassoffababean(Lietal.,2011)andgrainyieldofmungbean(VignaradiateL.)(Chowdhury&Rosario2251994)werereducedinintercroppedwithcornundernitrogenapplication.Nitrogenapplicationcouldlimitthebiologicalnitrogenfixationoflegumerhizobia(Fanetal.,2006),andtherootgrowthofcornaffectedthatofsoybean(Corre-Hellouetal.,2006).3.2CropnitrogenconcentrationandaccumulationInpresentstudy,corn-soybeanintercroppingandnitrogenapplicationimprovedcornnitrogencontent,230whereasareversetrendwasnoticedforsoybeanrootandstrawnitrogencontent.Thereductioninsoybeannitrogencontentsuggestedthatinterspecificcompetitionaffectedthelegumethroughthewholecropgrowthseason.Barley-peaintercroppingincreasednitrogencontentingrainandstrawofbarley(HordeumvulgareL.)(Montietal.,2016).Goodingetal.(2007)foundthatintercroppingincreasedthegrainNconcentrationinwheatwhenithadtheleastdeleteriouseffectonfababean.This235couldbeconsideredareflectionofthelowcompetitivenessofthelegumeversusthecerealfornitrogen.Highnitrogenapplied(225kg/ha,300kg/ha)significantlyincreasedthenitrogencontentofsoybean-9- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cngrain.ThemainreasonmightbethedrymatterofgrainswerereducedatNlevels(225kg/ha,300kg/ha)(Fig1),anotherreasonmightbemorefertilizerNwasallocatedtothesoybeangrains(PierozanJretal.,2015).240Nitrogenallocationsincorndifferentpartswerechangedbynitrogenratesinintercroppingsystems.Nitrogenapplicationincreasedthecornnitrogenaccumulation,especiallyincorngrain.Meanwhile,intercroppingwithnitrogenapplicationdecreasedthenitrogenaccumulationofsoybean.Thegreaternitrogenacquisitionbyanon-legumecropintercroppedwithalegumewasfrequentlyreportedintheliteratures(Eagleshametal.,1981;Chapagain&Riseman,2014).Maize-cowpea245intercroppingincreasedmaizenitrogen(Eagleshametal.,1981),thebarley-peaintercroppingincreasedbarleybiomassN(Chapagain&Riseman2014).Inpresentresult,intercroppingsignificantlyincreasedthenitrogenaccumulationofcornstrawathighnitrogenrates(225kg/ha,300kg/ha).IncreasedNfertilizerwasusuallyobservedtofavormainlythenon-legume,whichwasastrongercompetitorandthusgotabiggershareoftheavailableN(Corre-Hellouetal.,2006).Maize-fababeanintercropping250improvedthemaizeabove-groundnitrogenacquisitionundernitrogenapplication(225kg/ha,300kg/ha)innorthofChina(Lietal.,2011).HighratesofinorganicNapplicationmightincreasethepercentageofNallocationinabovegroundofcorn(Heetal.,2001).Interspecificrootinteractionwasanothermainreasonofimprovingthemaizenitrogenuptake(Lietal.,2003b).Meanwhile,thehighNavailabilityinsoilmightinhibitNfixationfromlegume(Chuetal.,2004),thepeanitrogen255accumulationwasreducedincereals(wheatandbarley)-peaintercropping(Montietal.,2016).Assoybeanhadhighnitrogencontentandaccumulation,cropnitrogenaccumulationsinintercroppingsystemswereincreasedcomparedwithsolecorn.3.3CropcarbonaccumulationIntercroppingreducedthecornroot,strawandgraincarbonaccumulationsinmostofintercropping260systems,butthecorngraincarbonaccumulationwassignificantlyincreasedatN2.Thecropcarbonaccumulationwasrarelyreportedincereal-legumeintercroppingsystems.IntercroppedbarleyshowedhighersequesteredhigherCinsoilcomparedtomonoculturebarley(Chapagain&Riseman2014).Interspecificrootinteractionisamainreasonofimprovingthemaizecarbonuptake(Lietal.,2003b).Nitrogenapplicationmarkedlyincreasedthecorncarbonaccumulationinallcroppingsystems,and265significantlyreducedthecarbonaccumulationofsoybeanincorn-soybeanintercropping.CarbonuptakeandallocationincropsthatwaslargelydependentonmicrobialsymbiontsforNandP(Harris-10- 中国科技论文在线http://www.paper.edu.cnetal.,1985).Carbonassociatedwithnitrogenmetabolismwasveryimportantforcrops(Schnyder1993).HighratesofinorganicNapplicationcouldincreasethepercentageofCallocationinabovegroundofcorn(Heetal.2001).Mostproductionofphotosyntheticwasusedforcarbonand270nitrogenmetabolism(Huppe&Turpin1994),nitrogenappliedincreasedthegrowthofcorn,theradiationinterceptedbysoybeanmightbedeceasedbythehighcanopyofcorn.Eventhoughintercroppingreducedthecornroot,strawandgraincarbonaccumulations,addedthesoybeancarbonaccumulation,thecropstotalabovegroundcarbonaccumulationsinintercroppingsystemswerehigherthanthoseinsolecorn.2754ConclusionInthispaper,theresultsofcorn-soybeanintercroppingwithnitrogenrateinuplandredsoilwerenoticedthat(i)intercroppingreduceddrymatteryieldofcorn,nitrogenrateincreasedthedrymatteryieldofcornandreducedthedrymatteryieldofsoybean;(ii)intercroppingchangedthecorndifferentpartsnitrogenaccumulationdependingonnitrogenrates,andreducedthecorncarbonaccumulation,280nitrogenrateincreasedcornnitrogenandcarbonaccumulation,butreducedthoseofthesoybean.Corn-soybeanintercroppingandnitrogenrateaffectedthegrowthofcornandsoybeaninuplandredsoil,whichwasresultedinthedifferenceofthecropsnitrogenandcarbonuptakeanddistribution.CerealcropsintercroppedwithlegumesoffersanopportunityforuplandredsoiltobetteruseNcomplementarity,cropresidueandnaturalresources,whichcouldbenefittomaintainthesoilhealth285withhighlandproductivity.References[1]Baligar,V.C.,Fageria,N.K.,Eswaran,H.,Wilson,M.J.&He,Z.Natureandpropertiesofredsoilsoftheworld.InTheRedSoilsofChina[M],Germany,Berlin:Springer,2004[2]Bedoussac,L.&Justes,E.DynamicanalysisofcompetitionandcomplementarityforlightandNuseto290understandtheyieldandtheproteincontentofadurumwheat-winterpeaintercrop[J].PlantandSoil,2010,330,37-54.[3]Betencourt,E.,Duputel,M.,Colomb,B.,Desclaux,D.&Hinsinger,P.IntercroppingpromotestheabilityofdurumwheatandchickpeatoincreaserhizospherephosphorusavailabilityinalowPsoil[J].SoilBiologyandBiochemistry,2012.46,181-190.295[4]Cai,G.X.,Peng,G.H.,Wu,Y.W.,Ma,M.T.,Gan,S.W.&Men,C.F.Fateofureanitrogenappliedtorapegrownonaredsoilandefficiencyofureainraisingrapeyield[J].Pedosphere,1995,5,107-114.[5]Chapagain,T.&Riseman,A.Barley-peaintercropping:Effectsonlandproductivity,carbonandnitrogentransformations[J].FieldCropsResearch,2014,166,18-25.[6]Chowdhury,M.K.&Rosario,E.L.Comparisonofnitrogen,phosphorusandpotassiumutilizationefficiency300inmaize/mungbeanintercropping[J].TheJournalofAgriculturalScience,1994,122,193-199.[7]Chu,G.X.,Shen,Q.R.&CaoJ.L.NitrogenfixationandNtransferfrompeanuttoricecultivatedinaerobicsoilinanintercroppingsystemanditseffectonsoilNfertility[J].PlantandSoil,2004,263,17-27.[8]Coll,L.,Cerrudo,A.,Rizzalli,R.,Monzon,J.P.&Andrade,F.H.Captureanduseofwaterandradiationinsummerintercropsinthesouth-eastPampasofArgentina[J].FieldCropsResearch,2012,134,105-113.305[9]Corre-Hellou,G.&Crozat,Y.Assessmentofrootsystemdynamicsofspeciesgrowninmixturesunderfieldconditionsusingherbicideinjectionand15Nnaturalabundancemethods:acasestudywithpea,barleyandmustard[J].PlantandSoil,2005,276,177-192.[10]Corre-Hellou,G.,Fustec,J.&Crozat,Y.InterspecificcompetitionforsoilNanditsinteractionwithN2-11- 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